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System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 Information Library |
1. Managing Removable Media (Overview)
2. Managing Removable Media (Tasks)
3. Accessing Removable Media (Tasks)
4. Writing CDs and DVDs (Tasks)
5. Managing Devices (Overview/Tasks)
6. Dynamically Configuring Devices (Tasks)
7. Using USB Devices (Overview)
9. Using InfiniBand Devices (Overview/Tasks)
11. Administering Disks (Tasks)
12. SPARC: Setting Up Disks (Tasks)
13. x86: Setting Up Disks (Tasks)
14. Configuring Oracle Solaris iSCSI Targets and Initiators (Tasks)
Solaris iSCSI Software and Hardware Requirements
Setting Up Solaris iSCSI Targets and Initiators (Task Map)
Configuring Solaris iSCSI Targets and Initiators
Configuring Dynamic or Static Target Discovery
How to Prepare for a Solaris iSCSI Configuration
Setting Up Your Solaris iSCSI Target Devices
How to Configure iSNS Discovery for the Solaris iSCSI Target
Configuring Authentication in Your iSCSI-Based Storage Network
How to Configure CHAP Authentication for Your iSCSI Initiator
How to Configure CHAP Authentication for Your iSCSI Target
Using a Third-Party RADIUS Server to Simplify CHAP Management in Your iSCSI Configuration
How to Configure RADIUS for Your iSCSI Configuration
Solaris iSCSI and RADIUS Server Error Messages
How to Configure iSCSI Target Discovery
How to Remove Discovered iSCSI Targets
How to Access iSCSI Disks Upon Reboot
Monitoring Your iSCSI Configuration
Modifying iSCSI Initiator and Target Parameters
How to Modify iSCSI Initiator and Target Parameters
Troubleshooting iSCSI Configuration Problems
No Connections to the iSCSI Target From the Local System
How to Troubleshoot iSCSI Connection Problems
iSCSI Device or Disk Is Not Available on the Local System
How to Troubleshoot iSCSI Device or Disk Unavailability
Use LUN Masking When Using the iSNS Discovery Method
15. The format Utility (Reference)
16. Managing File Systems (Overview)
17. Creating and Mounting File Systems (Tasks)
18. Using The CacheFS File System (Tasks)
19. Configuring Additional Swap Space (Tasks)
20. Checking UFS File System Consistency (Tasks)
21. UFS File System (Reference)
22. Backing Up and Restoring UFS File Systems (Overview)
23. Backing Up UFS Files and File Systems (Tasks)
24. Using UFS Snapshots (Tasks)
25. Restoring UFS Files and File Systems (Tasks)
26. UFS Backup and Restore Commands (Reference)
27. Copying Files and File Systems (Tasks)
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Configuring your Solaris iSCSI targets and initiators involves the following steps:
Identifying the hardware and software requirements
Configuring your IP network
Connecting and setting up your iSCSI target device
(Optional) Configuring iSCSI authentication between the iSCSI initiator and the iSCSI target, if necessary
Configuring the iSCSI target discovery method
Creating file systems on your iSCSI disks
Monitoring your iSCSI configuration
The iSCSI configuration information is stored in the /etc/iscsi directory. This information requires no administration.
Review the following terminology before configuring iSCSI targets and initiators.
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Determine whether you want to configure one of the dynamic device discovery methods or use static iSCSI initiator targets to perform device discovery.
Dynamic device discovery – If an iSCSI node exposes many targets, such as an iSCSI to Fibre-Channel bridge, you can supply the iSCSI node IP address/port combination and allow the iSCSI initiator to use the SendTargets features to perform device discovery.
Two dynamic device discovery methods are available:
SendTargets - If an iSCSI node exposes a large number of targets, such as an iSCSI to Fibre-Channel bridge, you can supply the iSCSI node IP address/port combination and allow the iSCSI initiator to use the SendTargets features to perform the device discovery.
iSNS - iSNS (Internet Storage Name Service) allows the iSCSI initiator to discover the targets to which it has access using as little configuration information as possible. It also provides state change notification to notify the iSCSI initiator when changes in the operational state of storage nodes occur. To use the iSNS discovery method, you can supply the iSNS server address/port combination and allow the iSCSI initiator to query the iSNS servers that you specified to perform the device discovery. The default port for the iSNS server is 3205. For more information about iSNS, see RFC 4171:
http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4171.txt
The iSNS discovery service provides an administrative model to discover all targets in a network.
Static device discovery – If an iSCSI node has few targets or if you want to restrict the targets that the initiator attempts to access, you can statically configure the target-name by using the following static target address naming convention:
target,target-address[:port-number]
You can determine the static target address from the array's management tool.
Note - Do not configure an iSCSI target to be discovered by both static and dynamic device discovery methods. The consequence of using redundant discovery methods might be slow performance when the initiator is communicating with the iSCSI target device.
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where you want to access a configured iSCSI target device.
initiator# pkginfo SUNWiscsiu SUNWiscsir system SUNWiscsiu Sun iSCSI Device Driver (root) system SUNWiscsir Sun iSCSI Management Utilities (usr)
For example, determine if the iSCSI target device is reachable by using the telnet command to connect to the iSCSI target device using port 3260. If the connection is refused, see Troubleshooting iSCSI Configuration Problems.
For information about connecting your third-party iSCSI target devices, see your vendor documentation.
You can use the iscsitadm command to set up and manage your Solaris iSCSI target devices, which can be disk or tape devices. For the device that you select as your iSCSI target, you must provide an equivalently sized ZFS or UFS file system as the backing store for the iSCSI daemon.
For information about setting up a Solaris iSCSI target device with ZFS, see ZFS and Solaris iSCSI Improvements in Oracle Solaris ZFS Administration Guide.
After the target device is set up, use the iscsiadm command to identify your iSCSI targets, which will discover and use the iSCSI target device.
For more information, see iscsitadm(1M) and iscsiadm(1M).
The basic process is as follows:
Identify the backing store directory – For each target and logical unit that is created, the iSCSI daemon needs to store some information. By default, the backing store for this device is also located in the base directory. So, if the host system has a large ZFS pool to use, it might be easiest to allow the daemon to store everything in that location. If the backing store needs to be spread out, it's possible to specify the backing store location during the creation of each logical unit.
Create the iSCSI target – By default, the CLI assumes that the requested device type is an LBA of logical unit 0. If a pass through mode is desired for character devices, the -raw option must be used. After the creation of the first LUN, other LUNs might be created for the same iSCSI target by specifying -lun number.
The daemon starts a background task that initializes the LUN to zeros. If, during that initialization, the underlying file system becomes 100 percent full, the daemon removes the target. During this initialization, the LUN is marked as being offline and cannot be used by an initiator. During this time, however, it is possible to have an initiator discover this LUN. The Solaris initiator waits until it receives an Inventory Change notification and then automatically brings the device online.
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system that contains the iSCSI targets.
For example:
target# iscsitadm modify admin -d /export/sandbox
For example:
target# iscsitadm create target --size 2g sandbox
For example:
target# iscsitadm list target -v sandbox
For more information, see How to Configure iSCSI Target Discovery.
If your network includes a third-party iSNS server or a Sun iSNS server, you can set up iSNS target discovery on your Solaris iSCSI targets.
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where you want to access a configured iSCSI target device.
For example:
initiator# iscsitadm modify admin --isns-server ip-address or hostname[:port]
Identify the ip-address of the iSNS server in your network.
This step adds the iSNS server information to all of the Solaris iSCSI targets.
For example:
initiator# iscsitadm modify admin --isns-access enable
This step enables iSNS discovery for all of the Solaris iSCSI targets.
Setting up authentication for your iSCSI devices is optional.
In a secure environment, authentication is not required because only trusted initiators can access the targets.
In a less secure environment, the target cannot determine if a connection request is truly from a given host. In that case, the target can authenticate an initiator by using the Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP).
CHAP authentication uses the notion of a challenge and response, which means that the target challenges the initiator to prove its identity. For the challenge/response method to work, the target must know the initiator's secret key, and the initiator must be set up to respond to a challenge. Refer to the array vendor's documentation for instructions on setting up the secret key on the array.
iSCSI supports unidirectional and bidirectional authentication:
Unidirectional authentication enables the target to authenticate the identity of the initiator.
Bidirectional authentication adds a second level of security by enabling the initiator to authenticate the identity of the target.
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where you want to securely access the configured iSCSI target device.
Unidirectional authentication, the default method, enables the target to validate the initiator. Complete steps 3–5 only.
Bidirectional authentication adds a second level of security by enabling the initiator to authenticate the target. Complete steps 3–9.
For example, the following command initiates a dialogue to define the CHAP secret key.
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node --CHAP-secret
Note - The CHAP secret length must be a minimum of 12 characters and a maximum of 16 characters.
By default, the initiator's CHAP name is set to the initiator node name.
You can use the following command to change the initiator's CHAP name.
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node --CHAP-name new-CHAP-name
In the Solaris environment, the CHAP name is always set to the initiator node name by default. The CHAP name can be set to any length text that is less than 512 bytes. The 512-byte length limit is a Solaris limitation. However, if you do not set the CHAP name, it is set to the initiator node name upon initialization.
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node --authentication CHAP
CHAP requires that the initiator node have both a user name and a password. The user name is typically used by the target to look up the secret for the given username.
Bidirectional CHAP – Enable bidirectional authentication parameters on the target.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param -B enable eui.5000ABCD78945E2B
Disable bidirectional CHAP. For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param -B disable eui.5000ABCD78945E2B
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param --authentication CHAP eui.5000ABCD78945E2B
For example, the following command initiates a dialogue to define the CHAP secret key:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param --CHAP-secret eui.5000ABCD78945E2B
By default, the target's CHAP name is set to the target name.
You can use the following command to change the target's CHAP name:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param --CHAP-name target-CHAP-name
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system that contains the iSCSI targets.
A convention is to use the host name for the secret name. For example:
target# iscsitadm modify admin -H stormpike
The CHAP secret must be between 12 and 16 characters. For example:
target# iscsitadm modify admin -C Enter secret: xxxxxx Re-enter secret: xxxxxx
This step is done so that you can associate a friendly name (normally the host name, in this case monster620) with the IQN value, instead of typing it in every time. For example:
# iscsitadm create initiator -n iqn.1986-03.com.sun: 01:00e081553307.4399f40e monster620
This name can be different from the friendly name that was used for the initiator object. For example:
target# iscsitadm modify initiator -H monster620 monster620
For example:
target# iscsitadm modify initiator -C monster620 Enter secret: xxxxxx Re-enter secret: xxxxxx
For example:
target# iscsitadm modify target -l monster620 sandbox
You can use a third-party RADIUS server to simplify CHAP secret management. A RADIUS server is a centralized authentication service. While you must still specify the initiator's CHAP secret, you are no longer required to specify each target's CHAP secret on each initiator when using bidirectional authentication with a RADIUS server.
For more information, see:
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where you want to securely access the configured iSCSI target device.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node --radius-server 10.0.0.72:1812
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node --radius-shared-secret
Note - The Solaris iSCSI implementation requires that the RADIUS server is configured with a shared secret before the Solaris iSCSI software can interact with the RADIUS server.
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node --radius-access enable
This section describes the error messages that are related to a Solaris iSCSI and RADIUS server configuration, along with potential solutions for recovery.
empty RADIUS shared secret
Cause: The RADIUS server is enabled on the initiator, but the RADIUS shared secret is not set.
Solution: Configure the initiator with the RADIUS shared secret. For more information, see How to Configure RADIUS for Your iSCSI Configuration.
WARNING: RADIUS packet authentication failed
Cause: The initiator failed to authenticate the RADIUS data packet. This error can occur if the shared secret configured on the initiator node is different from the shared secret on the RADIUS server.
Reconfigure the initiator with the correct RADIUS shared secret. For more information, see How to Configure RADIUS for Your iSCSI Configuration.
This procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where you want to configure access to an iSCSI target device.
Configure the device to be dynamically discovered (SendTargets).
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm add discovery-address 10.0.0.1:3260
Configure the device to be dynamically discovered (iSNS).
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm add iSNS-server 10.0.0.1:3205
Configure the device to be statically discovered.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm add static-config eui.5000ABCD78945E2B,10.0.0.1
The iSCSI connection is not initiated until the discovery method is enabled. See the next step.
If you have configured a dynamically discovered (SendTargets) device, enable the SendTargets discovery method.
initiator# iscsiadm modify discovery --sendtargets enable
If you have configured a dynamically discovered (iSNS) device, enable the iSNS discovery method.
initiator# iscsiadm modify discovery --iSNS enable
If you have configured static targets, enable the static target discovery method.
initiator# iscsiadm modify discovery --static enable
initiator# devfsadm -i iscsi
After removing a discovery address, iSNS server, or static configuration, or after disabling a discovery method, the associated targets are logged out. If these associated targets are still in use, for example, they have mounted file systems, the logout of these devices will fail, and they will remain on the active target list.
This optional procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where access to an iSCSI target device has already been configured.
If you need to disable the SendTargets discovery method, use the following command:
initiator# iscsiadm modify discovery --sendtargets disable
If you need to disable the iSNS discovery method, use the following command:
initiator# iscsiadm modify discovery --iSNS disable
If you need to disable the static target discovery method, use the following command:
initiator# iscsiadm modify discovery --static disable
Remove an iSCSI SendTargets discovery entry.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm remove discovery-address 10.0.0.1:3260
Remove an iSCSI iSNS discovery entry.
For example:
# iscsiadm remove isns-server 10.0.0.1:3205
Remove a static iSCSI discovery entry.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm remove static-config eui.5000ABCD78945E2B,10.0.0.1
Note - If you attempt to disable or remove a discovery entry that has an associated logical unit in use, the disable or remove operation fails with the following message:
logical unit in use
If this errors occurs, stop all associated I/O on the logical unit, unmount the file systems, and so on. Then, repeat the disable or remove operation.
Remove a target by specifying the logical unit number (LUN). If you did not specify a LUN when the target was created, a value of 0 was used. LUN 0 must be the last LUN removed if multiple LUNs are associated with a target.
For example:
initiator# iscsitadm delete target --lun 0 sandbox
If you want to access the iSCSI disks upon reboot, create the file system on the disk, and add an /etc/vfstab entry as you would with a UFS file system on a SCSI device. Then, create a new SMF service for mounting iSCSI disks that depends on the iSCSI initiator service. For more information, see How to Access iSCSI Disks Upon Reboot.
After the devices have been discovered by the Solaris iSCSI initiator, the login negotiation occurs automatically. The Solaris iSCSI driver determines the number of available LUNs and creates the device nodes. Then, the iSCSI devices can be treated as any other SCSI device.
You can view the iSCSI disks on the local system by using the format utility.
In the following format output, disks 2 and 3 are iSCSI LUNs that are not under MPxIO control. Disks 21 and 22 are iSCSI LUNs under MPxIO control.
initiator# format AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS: 0. c0t1d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424> /pci@8,600000/SUNW,qlc@4/fp@0,0/ssd@w500000e010685cf1,0 1. c0t2d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424> /pci@8,600000/SUNW,qlc@4/fp@0,0/ssd@w500000e0106e3ba1,0 2. c3t0d0 <ABCSTORAGE-100E-00-2.2 cyl 20813 alt 2 hd 16 sec 63> /iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2001-05.com.abcstorage%3A6-8a0900-477d70401- b0fff044352423a2-hostname-020000,0 3. c3t1d0 <ABCSTORAGE-100E-00-2.2 cyl 20813 alt 2 hd 16 sec 63> /iscsi/disk@0000iqn.2001-05.com.abcstorage%3A6-8a0900-3fcd70401 -085ff04434f423a2-hostname-010000,0 . . . 21. c4t60A98000686F694B2F59775733426B77d0 <ABCSTORAGE-LUN-0.2 cyl 4606 alt 2 hd 16 sec 256> /scsi_vhci/ssd@g60a98000686f694b2f59775733426b77 22. c4t60A98000686F694B2F59775733434C41d0 <ABCSTORAGE-LUN-0.2 cyl 4606 alt 2 hd 16 sec 256> /scsi_vhci/ssd@g60a98000686f694b2f59775733434c41
Follow the steps below to access iSCSI disks after the system is rebooted.
initiator# vi /etc/vfstab #device device mount FS fsck mount mount #to mount to fsck point type pass at boot options # /dev/dsk/c3t600144F04B555F370000093D00495B00d0s0 - /mnt ufs - no -
You can display information about the iSCSI initiator and target devices by using the iscsiadm list command.
For example:
# iscsiadm list initiator-node Initiator node name: iqn.1986-03.com.sun:01:0003ba4d233b.425c293c Initiator node alias: zzr1200 Login Parameters (Default/Configured): Header Digest: NONE/- Data Digest: NONE/- Authentication Type: NONE RADIUS Server: NONE RADIUS access: unknown Configured Sessions: 1
For example:
# iscsiadm list discovery Discovery: Static: enabled Send Targets: enabled iSNS: enabled
Example 14-1 Displaying iSCSI Target Information
The following example shows how to display the parameter settings for a specific iSCSI target.
# iscsiadm list target-param iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.33592219 Target: iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.33592219
The iscsiadm list target-param -v command displays the following information:
The authentication settings for the target
The default settings for the target login parameters
The configured value for each login parameter
The iscsiadm list target-param -v command displays the default parameter value before the / designator and the configured parameter value after the / designator. If you have not configured any parameters, the configured parameter value displays as a hyphen (-). For more information, see the following examples.
# iscsiadm list target-param -v eui.50060e8004275511 Target: eui.50060e8004275511 Alias: - Bi-directional Authentication: disabled Authentication Type: NONE Login Parameters (Default/Configured): Data Sequence In Order: yes/- Data PDU In Order: yes/- Default Time To Retain: 20/- Default Time To Wait: 2/- Error Recovery Level: 0/- First Burst Length: 65536/- Immediate Data: yes/- Initial Ready To Transfer (R2T): yes/- Max Burst Length: 262144/- Max Outstanding R2T: 1/- Max Receive Data Segment Length: 65536/- Max Connections: 1/- Header Digest: NONE/- Data Digest: NONE/- Configured Sessions: 1
The following example output displays the parameters that were negotiated between the target and the initiator.
# iscsiadm list target -v eui.50060e8004275511 Target: eui.50060e8004275511 TPGT: 1 ISID: 4000002a0000 Connections: 1 CID: 0 IP address (Local): 172.90.101.71:32813 IP address (Peer): 172.90.101.40:3260 Discovery Method: Static Login Parameters (Negotiated): Data Sequence In Order: yes Data PDU In Order: yes Default Time To Retain: 0 Default Time To Wait: 3 Error Recovery Level: 0 First Burst Length: 65536 Immediate Data: yes Initial Ready To Transfer (R2T): yes Max Burst Length: 262144 Max Outstanding R2T: 1 Max Receive Data Segment Length: 65536 Max Connections: 1 Header Digest: NONE Data Digest: NONE
You can modify parameters on both the iSCSI initiator and the iSCSI target device. However, the only parameters that can be modified on the iSCSI initiator are the following:
iSCSI initiator node name – You can change the initiator node name to a different name. If you change the initiator node name, the targets that were discovered by iSNS might be removed from the initiator's target list, depending on the discovery domain configuration on the iSNS server at the time when the name was changed. For more information, see How to Modify iSCSI Initiator and Target Parameters.
Header digest – NONE, the default value or CRC32.
Data digest – NONE, the default value or CRC32.
Authentication and CHAP secret – For more information about setting up authentication, see How to Configure CHAP Authentication for Your iSCSI Initiator.
Configured sessions – For more information about configuring multiple sessions, see How to Enable Multiple iSCSI Sessions for a Target.
The iSCSI driver provides default values for the iSCSI initiator and iSCSI target device parameters. If you modify the parameters of the iSCSI initiator, the modified parameters are inherited by the iSCSI target device, unless the iSCSI target device already has different values.
Caution - Ensure that the target software supports the parameter to be modified. Otherwise, you might be unable to log in to the iSCSI target device. See your array documentation for a list of supported parameters. |
Modifying iSCSI parameters should be done when I/O between the initiator and the target is complete. The iSCSI driver reconnects the session after the changes are made by using the iscsiadm modify command.
The first part of this procedure illustrates how modified parameters of the iSCSI initiator are inherited by the iSCSI target device. The second part of this procedure shows how to actually modify parameters on the iSCSI target device.
This optional procedure assumes that you are logged in to the local system where access to an iSCSI target device has already been configured.
initiator# iscsiadm list initiator-node Initiator node name: iqn.1986-03.com.sun:01:0003ba4d233b.425c293c Initiator node alias: zzr1200 Login Parameters (Default/Configured): Header Digest: NONE/- Data Digest: NONE/- Authentication Type: NONE RADIUS Server: NONE RADIUS access: unknown Configured Sessions: 1
initiator# iscsiadm list target-param -v iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Target: iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Alias: - Bi-directional Authentication: disabled Authentication Type: NONE Login Parameters (Default/Configured): Data Sequence In Order: yes/- Data PDU In Order: yes/- Default Time To Retain: 20/- Default Time To Wait: 2/- Error Recovery Level: 0/- First Burst Length: 65536/- Immediate Data: yes/- Initial Ready To Transfer (R2T): yes/- Max Burst Length: 262144/- Max Outstanding R2T: 1/- Max Receive Data Segment Length: 65536/- Max Connections: 1/- Header Digest: NONE/- Data Digest: NONE/- Configured Sessions: 1
Note that both header digest and data digest parameters are currently set to NONE for both the iSCSI initiator and the iSCSI target device.
To review the default parameters of the iSCSI target device, see the iscsiadm list target-param output in Example 14-1.
For example, set the header digest to CRC32.
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node -h CRC32
If you change the initiator node name, the targets that were discovered by iSNS might be logged out and removed from the initiator's target list, if the new name does not belong to the same discovery domain as that of the targets. However, if the targets are in use, they are not removed. For example, if a file is open or a file system is mounted on these targets, the targets will not removed.
You might also see new targets after the name change if these targets and the new initiator node name belong to the same discovery domain.
initiator# iscsiadm list initiator-node Initiator node name: iqn.1986-03.com.sun:01:0003ba4d233b.425c293c Initiator node alias: zzr1200 Login Parameters (Default/Configured): Header Digest: NONE/CRC32 Data Digest: NONE/- Authentication Type: NONE RADIUS Server: NONE RADIUS access: unknown Configured Sessions: 1
Note that the header digest is now set to CRC32.
initiator# iscsiadm list target-param -v iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Target: iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Alias: - Bi-directional Authentication: disabled Authentication Type: NONE Login Parameters (Default/Configured): Data Sequence In Order: yes/- Data PDU In Order: yes/- Default Time To Retain: 20/- Default Time To Wait: 2/- Error Recovery Level: 0/- First Burst Length: 65536/- Immediate Data: yes/- Initial Ready To Transfer (R2T): yes/- Max Burst Length: 262144/- Max Outstanding R2T: 1/- Max Receive Data Segment Length: 65536/- Max Connections: 1/- Header Digest: CRC32/- Data Digest: NONE/- Configured Sessions: 1
Note that the header digest is now set to CRC32.
initiator# iscsiadm list target -v iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Target: iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 TPGT: 2 ISID: 4000002a0000 Connections: 1 CID: 0 IP address (Local): nnn.nn.nn.nnn:64369 IP address (Peer): nnn.nn.nn.nnn:3260 Discovery Method: SendTargets Login Parameters (Negotiated): . . . Header Digest: CRC32 Data Digest: NONE
You can unset a parameter by setting it back to its default setting by using the iscsiadm modify command. Or, you can use the iscsiadm remove command to reset all target properties to the default settings.
The iscsiadm modify target-param command changes only the parameters that are specified on the command line.
The following example shows how to reset the header digest to NONE:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param -h none iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn...
For information about the iscsiadm remove target-param command, see iscsiadm(1M).
Consider the following guidelines for using Solaris iSCSI multipathed (MPxIO) devices:
Solaris iSCSI and MPxIO – MPxIO supports target port aggregation and availability in Solaris iSCSI configurations that configure multiple sessions per target (MS/T) on the iSCSI initiator.
Use IPMP for aggregation and failover of two or more NICs.
A basic configuration for an iSCSI host is a server with two NICs that are dedicated to iSCSI traffic. The NICs are configured by using IPMP. Additional NICs are provided for non-iSCSI traffic to optimize performance.
Active multipathing can only be achieved by using the Solaris iSCSI MS/T feature, and the failover and redundancy of an IPMP configuration.
If one NIC fails in an IPMP configuration, IPMP handles the failover. The MPxIO driver does not notice the failure. In a non-IPMP configuration, the MPxIO driver fails and offlines the path.
If one target port fails in an IPMP configuration, the MPxIO driver notices the failure and provides the failover. In a non-IPMP configuration, the MPxIO driver notices the failure and provides the failover.
For more information about using the Solaris iSCSI MS/T feature with IPMP and multipathing, see SunSolve Infodoc 207607, Understanding an iSCSI MS/T multi-path configuration.
For information about configuring multiple sessions per target, see How to Enable Multiple iSCSI Sessions for a Target. For information about configuring IPMP, see Part VI, IPMP, in System Administration Guide: IP Services.
Solaris iSCSI, Fibre-Channel (FC), and MPxIO – The MPxIO driver provides the following behavior in more complex iSCSI/FC configurations:
If you have dual iSCSI to FC bridges in an FC SAN, iSCSI presents target paths to MPxIO. MPxIO matches the unique SCSI per LUN identifier, and if they are identical, presents one path to the iSCSI driver.
If you have a configuration that connects a target by using both iSCSI and FC, the MPxIO driver can provide different transports to the same device. In this configuration, MPxIO utilizes both paths.
If you are using iSCSI and FC in combination with MPxIO, make sure that the MPxIO settings in the /kernel/drv/fp.conf file and the /kernel/drv/iscsi.conf files match the MPxIO configuration that you want supported. For example, in fp.conf, you can determine whether MPxIO is enabled globally on the HBA or on a per-port basis.
Third-party hardware considerations– Find out if your third-party HBA is qualified to work with Solaris iSCSI and MPxIO.
If you are using a third-party HBA, you might need to ask your third-party HBA vendor for the symmetric-option information for the /kernel/drv/scsi_vhci.conf file.
This procedure can be used to create multiple iSCSI sessions that connect to a single target. This scenario is useful with iSCSI target devices that support login redirection or have multiple target portals in the same target portal group. Use iSCSI multiple sessions per target with Solaris SCSI Multipathing (MPxIO). You can also achieve higher bandwidth if you utilize multiple NICs on the host side to connect to multiple portals on the same target.
The MS/T feature creates two or more sessions on the target by varying the initiator's session ID (ISID). Enabling this feature creates two SCSI layer paths on the network so that multiple targets are exposed through the iSCSI layer to the Solaris I/O layer. The MPxIO driver handles the reservations across these paths.
For more information about how iSCSI interacts with MPxIO paths, see Setting Up Solaris iSCSI Multipathed Devices.
Review the following items before configuring multiple sessions for an iSCSI target:
A typical MS/T configuration has two or more configured-sessions.
However, if your storage supports multiple TPGTs and if you are using SendTarget discovery on your host system, then the number of configured sessions can be set to 1. SendTarget discovery automatically detects the existence of multiple paths and multiple target sessions are created.
Confirm that the mxpio configuration parameter is enabled in the /kernel/drv/iscsi.conf file.
# cd /kernel/drv # grep mpxio iscsi.conf iscsi.conf:mpxio-disable="no";
Confirm that the multiple network connections are configured by using IPMP.
Confirm that the multiple network connections are available.
# ifconfig -a
initiator# iscsiadm list initiator-node Initiator node name: iqn.1986-03.com.sun:01:0003ba4d233b.425c293c Initiator node alias: zzr1200 . . . Configured Sessions: 1
initiator# iscsiadm list target-param -v iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Target: iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Alias: - . . . Configured Sessions: 1
The configured sessions value is the number of configured iSCSI sessions that will be created for each target name in a target portal group.
The number of sessions for a target must be between 1 and 4.
Apply the parameter to the iSCSI initiator node.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node -c 2
Apply the parameter to the iSCSI target.
For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify target-param -c 2 iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266
Bind configured sessions to one or more local IP addresses.
Configured sessions can also be bound to a specific local IP address. Using this method, one or more local IP addresses are supplied in a comma-separated list. Each IP address represents an iSCSI session. This method can also be done at the initiator-node or target-param level. For example:
initiator# iscsiadm modify initiator-node -c 10.0.0.1,10.0.0.2
Note - If the specified IP address is not routable, the address is ignored and the default Solaris route and IP address is used for this session.
initiator# iscsiadm list initiator-node Initiator node name: iqn.1986-03.com.sun:01:0003ba4d233b.425c293c Initiator node alias: zzr1200 . . . Configured Sessions: 2
initiator# iscsiadm list target-param -v iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Target: iqn.1992-08.com.abcstorage:sn.84186266 Alias: - . . . Configured Sessions: 2