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Oracle Solaris 11.1 Linkers and Libraries Guide     Oracle Solaris 11.1 Information Library
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Document Information

Preface

Part I Using the Link-Editor and Runtime Linker

1.  Introduction to the Oracle Solaris Link Editors

2.  Link-Editor

3.  Runtime Linker

4.  Shared Objects

Part II Quick Reference

5.  Link-Editor Quick Reference

Part III Advanced Topics

6.  Direct Bindings

7.  Building Objects to Optimize System Performance

8.  Mapfiles

9.  Interfaces and Versioning

10.  Establishing Dependencies with Dynamic String Tokens

11.  Extensibility Mechanisms

Part IV ELF Application Binary Interface

12.  Object File Format

File Format

Data Representation

ELF Header

ELF Identification

Data Encoding

Sections

Section Merging

Special Sections

Ancillary Section

COMDAT Section

Group Section

Capabilities Section

Hash Table Section

Move Section

Note Section

Relocation Sections

Relocation Calculations

SPARC: Relocations

SPARC: Relocation Types

64-bit SPARC: Relocation Types

x86: Relocations

32-bit x86: Relocation Types

x64: Relocation Types

String Table Section

Symbol Table Section

Symbol Values

Symbol Table Layout and Conventions

Symbol Sort Sections

Register Symbols

Syminfo Table Section

Versioning Sections

Version Definition Section

Version Dependency Section

Version Symbol Section

13.  Program Loading and Dynamic Linking

14.  Thread-Local Storage

Part V Appendices

A.  Linker and Libraries Updates and New Features

B.  System V Release 4 (Version 1) Mapfiles

Index

File Format

Object files participate in both program linking and program execution. For convenience and efficiency, the object file format provides parallel views of a file's contents, reflecting the differing needs of these activities. The following figure shows an object file's organization.

Figure 12-1 Object File Format

image:Object file formats.

An ELF header resides at the beginning of an object file and holds a road map describing the file's organization.


Note - Only the ELF header has a fixed position in the file. The flexibility of the ELF format requires no specified order for header tables, sections or segments. However, this figure is typical of the layout used in the Oracle Solaris OS.


Sections represent the smallest indivisible units that can be processed within an ELF file. Segments are a collection of sections. Segments represent the smallest individual units that can be mapped to a memory image by exec(2) or by the runtime linker.

Sections hold the bulk of object file information for the linking view. This data includes instructions, data, symbol table, and relocation information. Descriptions of sections appear in the first part of this chapter. The second part of this chapter discusses segments and the program execution view of the file.

A program header table, if present, tells the system how to create a process image. Files used to generate a process image, executable files and shared objects, must have a program header table. Relocatable object files do not need a program header table.

A section header table contains information describing the file's sections. Every section has an entry in the table. Each entry gives information such as the section name and section size. Files that are used in link-editing must have a section header table.