Sometimes you do not want to update to the newest version allowed. This section describes methods to update to a version that is older than the newest version allowed:
Specify the version in the update command. This is the simplest method with no lasting side effects.
Specify a version limit prior to giving the update command. This method uses pkg freeze, and therefore you need to remember to unfreeze later when you want to update to a newer version.
Use an Oracle Solaris constraint package. Using a constraint package is the most scalable, controllable, and trackable method.
Use a custom constraint package. Using a constraint package is the most scalable, controllable, and trackable method.
A simple way to update to a version that is older than the newest version allowed is to specify the package name on the pkg update command, including a portion of the version string. The following example shows how to specify the version of the pkg:/entire constraint package to update to Oracle Solaris 11.3 SRU 13, even though a newer version would be allowed:
$ pkg update -nv entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.3.13 '*'
Packages to remove: 2
Packages to install: 1
Packages to update: 486
Estimated space available: 48.39 GB
Estimated space to be consumed: 2.50 GB
Create boot environment: Yes
Activate boot environment: Yes
Create backup boot environment: No
Rebuild boot archive: Yes
Changed packages:
solaris
...
entire
0.5.11,5.11-0.175.0.10.0.5.0:20120803T182627Z -> 0.5.11,5.11-0.175.3.13.0.4.0:20160929T175502Z
...
Be sure to use the -nv options and check the output before performing the actual update. When you perform the actual update, use the --be-name option to give the new BE a meaningful name.
Some installed packages might not be dependent on any package that is constrained by the entire constraint package. Those packages will not be updated by updating just the entire package. You can add those packages by name to the same pkg update command or specify * in addition to entire@version.
If you want to allow updates to any Oracle Solaris 11.2 version but not allow update to Oracle Solaris 11.3, you can freeze the pkg:/entire constraint package as shown in the following command. Specifying 0.175.2 means the entire package can be updated to 0.175.2.15, for example, but not to 0.175.3.
$ pkg freeze -c "Keep this image at 11.2." entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.2 entire was frozen at 0.5.11,5.11-0.175.2 $ pkg freeze NAME VERSION DATE COMMENT entire 0.5.11,5.11-0.175.2 30 Jan 2014 15:50:01 PST Keep this image at 11.2. $ pkg list entire NAME (PUBLISHER) VERSION IFO entire 0.5.11,5.11-0.175.2.10.0.5.0 if-
For more information about package freezing, see Locking Packages to a Specified Version.
To update beyond Oracle Solaris 11.2, you will need to pkg unfreeze entire or freeze entire at a newer version.
Similar to using the pkg freeze command as shown in the previous section, you can install a package that constrains the version of pkg:/entire that can be installed. See Constraint Packages for more information about constraint packages and their use in Oracle Solaris.
Oracle Solaris 11.3 provides a package that constrains pkg:/entire to any version of Oracle Solaris 11.3.
$ pkg list -s solaris-11.3 NAME (PUBLISHER) SUMMARY release/constraint/solaris-11.3 Constraint Package for Oracle Solaris 11.3
The content of this package shows that if you install this package, you will be able to update your system to any Oracle Solaris 11.3 release (entire@0.5.11-0.175.3), such as an Oracle Solaris 11.3 SRU, but not to any newer Oracle Solaris 11.n release.
$ pkg contents -m solaris-11.3 set name=pkg.fmri value=pkg://solaris/release/constraint/solaris-11.3@0,5.11:20161021T222558Z set name=pkg.summary value="Constraint Package for Oracle Solaris 11.3" set name=variant.arch value=sparc value=i386 set name=pkg.depend.install-hold value=core-os depend fmri=entire@0.5.11-0.175.3 type=incorporate depend fmri=entire type=require
If you install the solaris-11.3 package and then attempt to update when you already have the newest available Oracle Solaris 11.3 release installed, you will receive a message that no updates are available.
If you install the solaris-11.3 package and then attempt to update to a newer Oracle Solaris 11.n release, you will receive a message that your system is overly constrained. To update to a newer Oracle Solaris 11.n release, you must first uninstall the solaris-11.3 constraint package.
Similar to using the Oracle Solaris constraint packages described in the previous section, you can create your own custom constraint package to specify the constraints you want. You might want to specify a constraint that is different from the constraints that are available in Oracle Solaris packages.
Create the constraint package and install the package from a local IPS package repository or package archive file.
To change the constraints, modify and redeliver the custom constraint package, and use pkg update to install the new constraint package.
Using a custom constraint package to control the version of software that can be installed enables you to easily maintain different versions of Oracle Solaris on different systems without maintaining multiple package repositories. Each system can install a different version of the custom update control package. All systems share the same package repository that contains all versions of software needed by any of the systems.
The versions of core operating system packages that can be installed in an image are controlled by the pkg:/entire constraint package. To control system upgrades, create a package that specifies a particular version of the entire package as an incorporate dependency.
The following example shows a manifest named upgradectrl.p5m for a custom constraint package that controls the version of the pkg:/entire package that can be installed. Some of the settings in this manifest are described below.
set name=pkg.fmri value=upgradectrl@1.0 set name=pkg.summary value="Package to constrain the version of the OS" set name=pkg.description value="This package controls the version of \ pkg://solaris/entire that can be installed." set name=info.classification value="org.opensolaris.category.2008:Meta Packages/Incorporations" set name=pkg.depend.install-hold value=core-os set name=variant.opensolaris.zone value=global value=nonglobal set name=variant.arch value=sparc value=i386 depend fmri=feature/package/dependency/self type=parent variant.opensolaris.zone=nonglobal depend fmri=pkg://solaris/entire type=require depend fmri=pkg://solaris/entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.1.0 type=incorporate
If a user enters the pkg update upgradectrl command, the pkg:/entire package is automatically updated as well.
This package can be installed in both global and non-global zones. See also the description of the parent dependency.
This package can be installed on both SPARC and x86 systems.
This package can be installed in a non-global zone only if it is already installed in the global zone.
The upgradectrl package can be installed only if the pkg://solaris/entire package is already installed or can be installed in this same operation.
The pkg://solaris/entire package must be installed at the specified version. More than one version can satisfy an incorporate dependency, depending on how many places of accuracy are specified. In this example, 0.175.1.0 specifies Oracle Solaris 11.1 SRU 0. This upgrade control package will keep systems at Oracle Solaris 11.1 with no support updates. This upgrade control package will, however, allow packages that are not constrained by the pkg:/entire constraint package to be updated.
Publish the upgradectrl package to a local file-based repository. This repository is for developing and testing this new package. If you create a repository for general use, you should include additional steps such as creating a separate file system for the repository. For information about creating package repositories for general use, see Copying and Creating Package Repositories in Oracle Solaris 11.3.
Create a package development repository on your system. See the pkgrepo(1) man page for more information about the pkgrepo command.
$ pkgrepo create myrepo
Set the default publisher for this repository. The default publisher is the value of the publisher/prefix property of the repository.
$ pkgrepo -s myrepo set publisher/prefix=site
Publish the upgradectrl package to the development repository.
$ pkgsend -s myrepo publish upgradectrl.p5m pkg://site/upgradectrl@1.0,5.11:20131104T072336Z PUBLISHED
Notice that the repository default publisher has been applied to the package FMRI.
Examine the repository to confirm that the package was published.
$ pkgrepo -s myrepo list PUBLISHER NAME O VERSION site upgradectrl 1.0,5.11:20131104T072336Z $ pkg list -vg myrepo FMRI IFO pkg://site/upgradectrl@1.0,5.11:20131104T072336Z ---
A value in the O column indicates whether the package is obsolete (o) or renamed (r).
Deliver the package to a local repository in a separate ZFS file system in a shared location.
$ pkgrecv -s myrepo -d /var/share/pkgrepos/solaris upgradectrl Processing packages for publisher site ... Retrieving and evaluating 1 package(s) ... PROCESS ITEMS GET (MB) SEND (MB) Completed 1/1 0.0/0.0 0.0/0.0
Verify the package in the repository and the version of pkg:/entire that it incorporates.
$ pkg info -g /var/share/pkgrepos/solaris upgradectrl
Name: upgradectrl
Summary: Package to constrain the version of the OS
Description: This package controls the version of pkg://solaris/entire that
can be installed.
Category: Meta Packages/Incorporations
State: Not installed
Publisher: site
Version: 1.0
Build Release: 5.11
Branch: None
Packaging Date: November 20, 2013 01:01:05 AM
Size: 0.00 B
FMRI: pkg://site/upgradectrl@1.0,5.11:20131120T010105Z
$ pkg contents -Hro fmri -t depend -a type=incorporate upgradectrl
pkg://solaris/entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.1.0
See Creating and Publishing a Package in Packaging and Delivering Software With the Image Packaging System in Oracle Solaris 11.3 for more detailed information about creating and delivering IPS packages.
Set the origin for the site publisher. The system repository is automatically updated with this information so that non-global zones can access packages from the site publisher.
$ pkg set-publisher -g /var/share/pkgrepos/solaris site $ pkg publisher PUBLISHER TYPE STATUS P LOCATION solaris origin online F https://pkg.oracle.com/solaris/support/ site origin online F file:///var/share/pkgrepos/solaris/
Install the package. In this case, few changes should be made because the installed version of pkg:/entire is the same as the version incorporated by the upgrade control package. Notice that the package is also installed in the non-global zone.
$ pkg list -v entire
FMRI IFO
pkg://solaris/entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.1.0.0.24.2:20120919T190135Z i--
$ zoneadm list
global
z1
$ pkg install upgradectrl
Packages to install: 1
Create boot environment: No
Create backup boot environment: No
Planning linked: 0/1 done; 1 working: zone:z1
Planning linked: 1/1 done
Downloading linked: 0/1 done; 1 working: zone:z1
Downloading linked: 1/1 done
PHASE ITEMS
Installing new actions 9/9
Updating package state database Done
Updating image state Done
Creating fast lookup database Done
Reading search index Done
Updating search index 1/1
Executing linked: 0/1 done; 1 working: zone:z1
Executing linked: 1/1 done
The following commands show that versions of pkg:/entire that are newer than the installed version are available from the configured solaris publisher, but an attempt to upgrade is controlled by the newly installed upgrade control package.
$ pkg list -af entire NAME (PUBLISHER) VERSION IFO entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.13.0.6.0 --- entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.12.0.5.0 --- entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.11.0.4.0 --- entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.10.0.6.0 --- entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.10.0.5.0 --- ... $ pkg update pkg update: No solution was found to satisfy constraints Plan Creation: Package solver has not found a solution to update to latest available versions. This may indicate an overly constrained set of packages are installed. latest incorporations: ... Try specifying expected results to obtain more detailed error messages. $ pkg update -nv entire@0.5.11-0.175.1.13.0.6.0 pkg update: No matching version of entire can be installed: Reject: pkg://solaris/entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.1.13.0.6.0:20131108T211557Z Reason: This version is excluded by installed incorporation pkg://site/upgradectrl@1.0,5.11:20131120T010105Z
When you are ready to allow users to update their systems to a new version, update the upgradectrl.p5m manifest, and republish and redeliver the new update control package. In the following manifest, the version of the update control package and the version of the pkg:/entire constraint package are updated. As an aid for users, the version of the upgrade control package, 1.10, is set to match the updated version of the entire package, 0.175.1.10.
set name=pkg.fmri value=upgradectrl@1.10 set name=pkg.summary value="Package to constrain the version of the OS" set name=pkg.description value="This package controls the version of \ pkg://solaris/entire that can be installed." set name=info.classification value="org.opensolaris.category.2008:Meta Packages/Incorporations" set name=pkg.depend.install-hold value=core-os set name=variant.opensolaris.zone value=global value=nonglobal set name=variant.arch value=sparc value=i386 depend fmri=feature/package/dependency/self type=parent variant.opensolaris.zone=nonglobal depend fmri=pkg://solaris/entire type=require depend fmri=pkg://solaris/entire@0.5.11,5.11-0.175.1.10 type=incorporate
The following commands republish and redeliver the update control package:
$ pkgsend -s myrepo publish upgradectrl.p5m pkg://site/upgradectrl@1.10,5.11:20131120T021902Z PUBLISHED $ pkgrepo -s myrepo list PUBLISHER NAME O VERSION site upgradectrl 1.10,5.11:20131120T021902Z site upgradectrl 1.0,5.11:20131120T010105Z $ pkgrecv -s myrepo -d /var/share/pkgrepos/solaris upgradectrl Processing packages for publisher site ... Retrieving and evaluating 1 package(s)... PROCESS ITEMS GET (MB) SEND (MB) Completed 1/1 0.0/0.0 0.0/0.0 $ pkg refresh site $ pkg list -af pkg://site/upgradectrl NAME (PUBLISHER) VERSION IFO upgradectrl (site) 1.10 --- upgradectrl (site) 1.0 i--
The following pkg update command updates all packages to the newest available versions allowed because no packages are specified. The command updates to the newest available version of the upgrade control package, which upgrades the image because the pkg.depend.install-hold setting in the upgradectrl package causes the pkg:/entire package to be updated when the upgradectrl package is updated. The image is upgraded to the version of the pkg:/entire constraint package that is specified in the new upgradectrl constraint package.
$ pkg update --be-name s11u1_10
Packages to remove: 1
Packages to update: 186
Mediators to change: 1
Create boot environment: Yes
Create backup boot environment: No
Planning linked: 0/1 done; 1 working: zone:z1
Linked image 'zone:z1' output:
| Packages to remove: 1
| Packages to install: 3
| Packages to update: 73
| Mediators to change: 1
| Services to change: 3
`
Planning linked: 1/1 done
DOWNLOAD PKGS FILES XFER (MB) SPEED
Completed 187/187 16139/16139 507.9/507.9 562k/s
Downloading linked: 0/1 done; 1 working: zone:z1
Downloading linked: 1/1 done
PHASE ITEMS
Removing old actions 1473/1473
Installing new actions 3451/3451
Updating modified actions 16378/16378
Updating package state database Done
Updating package cache 187/187
Updating image state Done
Creating fast lookup database Done
Reading search index Done
Building new search index 851/851
Executing linked: 0/1 done; 1 working: zone:z1
Executing linked: 1/1 done
A clone of s11u1_0 exists and has been updated and activated.
On the next boot the Boot Environment s11u1_10 will be
mounted on '/'. Reboot when ready to switch to this updated BE.
Verify that the current BE is not changed and the new BE contains the updated packages.
$ pkg list entire upgradectrl NAME (PUBLISHER) VERSION IFO entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.0.0.24.2 i-- upgradectrl (site) 1.0 i-- $ beadm mount s11u1_10 /mnt $ pkg -R /mnt list entire upgradectrl NAME (PUBLISHER) VERSION IFO entire 0.5.11-0.175.1.10.0.6.0 i-- upgradectrl (site) 1.10 i-- $ beadm unmount s11u1_10