Table of Contents

• List of Figures
• List of Tables
• Title and Copyright Information
• Preface
  • Audience
  • Documentation Accessibility
  • Related Documents
  • Conventions
• Changes in This Release for Oracle Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide
  • Changes in Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2)
    • New Features for Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2)
    • Deprecated Features
    • Desupported Features for Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2)
  • Changes in Oracle Database 12c Release 1 (12.1)
    • New Features
    • Desupported Features
• 1 Introduction to Deploying a Real Application Clusters Environment
  • 1.1 About the 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide
    • 1.1.1 What This Guide Is Not
    • 1.1.2 Related Materials
    • 1.1.3 Overview of Oracle RAC Documentation
      • 1.1.3.1 Useful Oracle RAC Guides
      • 1.1.3.2 Other Useful Oracle Documentation
  • 1.2 About Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster and Oracle RAC
  • 1.3 About Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 1.3.1 About Using Oracle ASM Disk Groups with Oracle RAC
    • 1.3.2 Benefits of Using Oracle ASM
    • 1.3.3 About Oracle Flex ASM
    • 1.3.4 About Oracle ACFS
    • 1.3.5 About Oracle ASM Running in an Oracle RAC Environment
  • 1.4 About Oracle Real Application Clusters
    • 1.4.1 About Oracle RAC One Node
    • 1.4.2 About Oracle Multitenant with Oracle RAC
    • 1.4.3 About Server Pools
    • 1.4.4 About Installing Oracle RAC on Different Operating Systems
  • 1.5 Tools for Installing, Configuring, and Managing Oracle RAC
• 2 Preparing Your Cluster
  • 2.1 Verifying System Requirements
    • 2.1.1 Checking Operating System Certifications
    • 2.1.2 About Hardware Requirements
    • 2.1.3 About Shared Storage
    • 2.1.4 About Network Hardware Requirements
    • 2.1.5 About IP Address Requirements
    • 2.1.6 Verifying Operating System and Software Requirements
      • 2.1.6.1 About Operating System and Software Requirements
      • 2.1.6.2 About Installation Fixup Scripts
      • 2.1.6.3 Checking the Current Operating System Configuration
  • 2.2 Preparing the Server
    • 2.2.1 About Operating System Users and Groups
      • 2.2.1.1 Required Operating System Users and Groups
      • 2.2.1.2 Separate Operating System Users and Groups for Oracle Software Installations on UNIX and Linux Systems
      • 2.2.1.3 Separate Operating System Users and Groups for Oracle Software Installations on Windows Systems
      • 2.2.1.4 Optional Operating System Users and Groups
    • 2.2.2 Configuring Operating System Users and Groups on Linux Systems
    • 2.2.3 Configuring Secure Shell on Linux Systems
    • 2.2.4 About Configuring the Software Owner's Shell Environment on Linux Systems
  • 2.3 Configuring the Network
    • 2.3.1 Verifying the Network Configuration
  • 2.4 Preparing the Operating System and Software
    • 2.4.1 About Setting the Time on All Nodes
    • 2.4.2 About Configuring Kernel Parameters
    • 2.4.3 About Performing Platform-Specific Configuration Tasks
  • 2.5 Configuring Installation Directories and Shared Storage
    • 2.5.1 About the Oracle Inventory Directory
    • 2.5.2 Locating the Oracle Inventory Directory
    • 2.5.3 Creating the Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster Home Directory
    • 2.5.4 Creating the Oracle Base Directory
    • 2.5.5 About the Oracle Home Directory
    • 2.5.6 Configuring Shared Storage
    • 2.5.7 Creating Files on a NAS Device for Use with Oracle Automatic Storage Management
    • 2.5.8 About Oracle ASM with Oracle ASM Filter Driver
    • 2.5.9 Using Oracle ASMFD to Configure Disks for Oracle ASM
• 3 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure
  • 3.1 Using Rapid Home Provisioning to Install Oracle Grid Infrastructure
  • 3.2 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a Cluster
    • 3.2.1 About Cluster Verification Utility Fixup Scripts on Linux and UNIX
    • 3.2.2 Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a New Cluster
    • 3.2.3 Completing the Oracle Clusterware Configuration
  • 3.3 About Verifying the Oracle Clusterware Installation
  • 3.4 Confirming Oracle ASM Function for Oracle Clusterware Files
• 4 Installing the Oracle Database Software and Creating a Database
  • 4.1 Using Rapid Home Provisioning to Install Oracle Database Software
  • 4.2 Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control for Provisioning Operations
  • 4.3 Verifying My Oracle Support Credentials
  • 4.4 Configuring the Operating System Environment
  • 4.5 Creating Additional Oracle ASM Disk Groups
  • 4.6 Deciding Between Multitenant Container Databases and Non-CDBs in Oracle RAC
  • 4.7 Using Oracle Universal Installer to Install Oracle RAC Software
  • 4.8 Verifying Your Oracle RAC Database Installation
  • 4.9 Performing Postinstallation Tasks
    • 4.9.1 About Downloading and Installing Oracle Database Patches
    • 4.9.2 Recompiling All Invalid Objects
    • 4.9.3 About Configuring User Accounts
    • 4.9.4 Configuring Services on Oracle RAC and Oracle RAC One Node CDBs
    • 4.9.5 Downloading and Installing the ORAchk Health Check Tool
  • 4.10 Creating an Oracle RAC Database Using DBCA
• 5 Converting an Existing Database to Oracle RAC or Oracle RAC One Node
  • 5.1 About Converting an Oracle Database to an Oracle RAC Database
    • 5.1.1 About Preparing for Database Conversion
    • 5.1.2 Overview of the Database Conversion Process Using Cloud Control
  • 5.2 Converting a Single Instance Database to Oracle RAC Using DBCA
  • 5.3 Converting an Oracle RAC Database into an Oracle RAC One Node Database
  • 5.4 Converting a Database from Oracle RAC One Node to Oracle RAC
• 6 Administering Database Instances and Cluster Databases
  • 6.1 About Oracle Real Application Clusters Database Management
  • 6.2 About Oracle RAC Management Using Enterprise Manager
  • 6.3 About Oracle RAC One Node Database Management
    • 6.3.1 Online Database Relocation
  • 6.4 About Password Files for an Oracle RAC or Oracle RAC One Node Database
  • 6.5 Starting and Stopping Oracle RAC Databases and Database Instances
  • 6.6 Starting and Stopping PDBs in Oracle RAC
  • 6.7 Managing Oracle Real Application Clusters Initialization Parameters
    • 6.7.1 About Configuring Initialization Parameters for an Oracle RAC Database
    • 6.7.2 About Modifying the SERVICE_NAMES Parameter for Oracle RAC
    • 6.7.3 About the Server Parameter File for Oracle Real Application Clusters
    • 6.7.4 Editing Initialization Parameter Settings for an Oracle RAC Database
    • 6.7.5 Example: Modifying the OPEN_CURSORS Parameter
  • 6.8 Limiting CPU Usage of Oracle RAC Database Instances
  • 6.9 About Administering Storage in Oracle RAC
    • 6.9.1 About Automatic Undo Management in Oracle RAC
    • 6.9.2 Oracle Automatic Storage Management in Oracle RAC
      • 6.9.2.1 About Oracle ASM Components in Oracle RAC
      • 6.9.2.2 About Disk Group Configurations for Oracle ASM in Oracle RAC
    • 6.9.3 Administering Redo Logs in Oracle RAC
      • 6.9.3.1 About Redo Log Groups and Redo Threads in Oracle RAC Databases
      • 6.9.3.2 About Accessing Redo Log Files for an Oracle RAC Database
      • 6.9.3.3 Using Enterprise Manager to View and Create Online Redo Log Files
• 7 Administering Oracle Clusterware Components
  • 7.1 About Oracle Clusterware
    • 7.1.1 About the Voting Disks
    • 7.1.2 About Oracle Cluster Registry
    • 7.1.3 About High Availability of Oracle Clusterware Files
  • 7.2 Managing the Oracle Clusterware Stack
    • 7.2.1 Starting Oracle Clusterware
    • 7.2.2 Stopping Oracle Clusterware
  • 7.3 Administering Voting Disks for Oracle Clusterware
    • 7.3.1 Adding and Removing Voting Disks
    • 7.3.2 Backing Up and Recovering Voting Disks
      • 7.3.2.1 Backing Up Voting Disks
      • 7.3.2.2 Replacing Voting Disks
      • 7.3.2.3 Restoring Voting Disks
    • 7.3.3 Migrating Voting Disks to Oracle ASM Storage
  • 7.4 Backing Up and Recovering the Oracle Cluster Registry
    • 7.4.1 Viewing Available OCR Backups
    • 7.4.2 Manually Backing Up the OCR
    • 7.4.3 Recovering the OCR
      • 7.4.3.1 Checking the Status of the OCR
      • 7.4.3.2 Restoring the OCR from Automatically Generated OCR Backups
  • 7.5 Changing the Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration
    • 7.5.1 Adding an OCR Location
    • 7.5.2 Migrating the OCR to Oracle ASM Storage
    • 7.5.3 Replacing an OCR
    • 7.5.4 Removing an OCR
    • 7.5.5 Repairing an OCR Configuration on a Local Node
  • 7.6 Troubleshooting the Oracle Cluster Registry
    • 7.6.1 About the OCRCHECK Utility
    • 7.6.2 Common Oracle Cluster Registry Problems and Solutions
• 8 Client High Availability with Services, FAN, FCF, and Application Continuity
  • 8.1 About Continuous Service Availability with Database Services
    • 8.1.1 About Oracle Database Services
      • 8.1.1.1 About Service Failover in Administrator-Managed Databases
      • 8.1.1.2 About Service Failover in Policy-Managed Databases
      • 8.1.1.3 About Automatic Starting of Services
    • 8.1.2 About the Database Resource Manager
    • 8.1.3 About Oracle RAC High Availability Framework
    • 8.1.4 About Fast Application Notification (FAN)
    • 8.1.5 About FAN Callouts
    • 8.1.6 About Application Continuity for Masking Outages
      • 8.1.6.1 Preparing to Use Application Continuity
    • 8.1.7 About the Load Balancing Advisory
    • 8.1.8 About Connection Load Balancing
      • 8.1.8.1 About Client-Side Load Balancing
      • 8.1.8.2 About Server-Side Load Balancing
    • 8.1.9 About Run-time Connection Load Balancing
  • 8.2 Creating Services
    • 8.2.1 Creating Services Using Enterprise Manager
    • 8.2.2 Creating Services Using SRVCTL
  • 8.3 Administering Services
    • 8.3.1 About Service Administration Using Enterprise Manager
    • 8.3.2 Using the Cluster Managed Database Services Page
    • 8.3.3 Verifying Oracle Net Supports Newly Created Services
    • 8.3.4 Managing Groups of Services
  • 8.4 Managing Planned Maintenance Without User Interruption
  • 8.5 Configuring Clients for High Availability
    • 8.5.1 Configuring Oracle Net Services Parameters For Highly Available Connections
    • 8.5.2 Configuring Application Clients for High Availability
• 9 Administering Backup and Recovery
  • 9.1 Overview of Oracle RAC Database Backup and Recovery
  • 9.2 About the Fast Recovery Area in Oracle RAC
  • 9.3 Archiving the Oracle Real Application Clusters Database Redo Logs
    • 9.3.1 About Archived Redo Log Files for an Oracle RAC Database
    • 9.3.2 About Parallelism and Backups Across Multiple RMAN Channels
    • 9.3.3 Configuring Archiving for Your Oracle RAC Database
  • 9.4 About Preparing for Backup and Recovery Operations
    • 9.4.1 About Credentials for Performing Backup and Recovery
    • 9.4.2 About Configuring Backup Settings
  • 9.5 Performing Backups of Your Oracle Real Application Clusters Database
    • 9.5.1 Backing Up Archived Redo Log Files
  • 9.6 Recovering Your Oracle Real Application Clusters Database
    • 9.6.1 About Preparing to Restore and Recover Your Oracle RAC Database
      • 9.6.1.1 About Configuring Access to the Archive Log
      • 9.6.1.2 About Putting the Oracle RAC Database Instances into the Correct State
    • 9.6.2 About Restoring Archived Redo Log File Files
    • 9.6.3 About Performing Recovery Using Parallelism
    • 9.6.4 Recovering the Oracle RAC Database Using Enterprise Manager
    • 9.6.5 Recovering the Server Parameter File from an Automatic File Backup
  • 9.7 About Managing Your Database Backup Files
  • 9.8 Displaying Backup Reports for Your Oracle Real Application Clusters Database
• 10 Monitoring and Troubleshooting Your Cluster
  • 10.1 Autonomous Health Framework
    • 10.1.1 Cluster Verification Utility (CVU)
      • 10.1.1.1 Verifying the Existence of Node Applications
      • 10.1.1.2 Verifying the Integrity of Oracle Clusterware Components
      • 10.1.1.3 Verifying the Integrity of the Oracle Cluster Registry
      • 10.1.1.4 Verifying the Integrity of Your Entire Cluster
      • 10.1.1.5 Checking the Settings for the Interconnect
      • 10.1.1.6 Enabling Tracing
    • 10.1.2 ORAchk
      • 10.1.2.1 Overview of Oracle ORAchk
      • 10.1.2.2 Running ORAchk
      • 10.1.2.3 ORAchk HTML Report Output
    • 10.1.3 Cluster Health Monitor
    • 10.1.4 Cluster Health Advisor
    • 10.1.5 Trace File Analyzer Collector
      • 10.1.5.1 About the Trace File Analyzer Collector (tafctl)
      • 10.1.5.2 tfactl Command Summary
      • 10.1.5.3 Using tfactl to Collect Diagnostic Logs for a Specific Time Period
    • 10.1.6 Hang Manager
    • 10.1.7 Managing Memory Pressure for Database Servers
    • 10.1.8 Oracle Database Quality of Service Management
  • 10.2 Monitoring Oracle Clusterware Using Enterprise Manager
    • 10.2.1 Accessing the Oracle Clusterware Information
    • 10.2.2 Viewing the Cluster Topology Page
    • 10.2.3 Viewing Cluster Health Monitor Data from Enterprise Manager
  • 10.3 Troubleshooting Configuration Problems in Oracle RAC Environments
    • 10.3.1 About the Oracle Clusterware Alert Log
    • 10.3.2 About the Oracle Clusterware Component Log Files
    • 10.3.3 Using CRSCTL to Diagnose Cluster Issues
      • 10.3.3.1 Checking the Status of the Oracle Clusterware Installation
      • 10.3.3.2 Enabling Debugging of Oracle Clusterware Components
      • 10.3.3.3 Enabling Debugging for an Oracle Clusterware Resource
      • 10.3.3.4 Enabling Oracle Clusterware Daemons
      • 10.3.3.5 Disabling Oracle Clusterware Daemons
    • 10.3.4 Viewing Oracle RAC Database Alert Log Messages
• 11 Adding and Deleting Nodes and Instances
  • 11.1 Preparing the New Node
  • 11.2 Verifying the New Node Meets the Prerequisites for Installation
  • 11.3 Extending the Oracle Grid Infrastructure Home to the New Node
  • 11.4 Extending the Oracle RAC Home Directory
  • 11.5 Adding the New Node to the Cluster using Enterprise Manager
  • 11.6 Creating an Instance on the New Node
    • 11.6.1 Adding a New Instance for a Policy-Managed Database
    • 11.6.2 Adding a New Instance for an Administrator-Managed Database
  • 11.7 Deleting an Instance From the Cluster Database
    • 11.7.1 Deleting an Instance From a Policy-Managed Database
    • 11.7.2 Deleting an Instance From an Administrator-Managed Database
  • 11.8 Removing a Node From the Cluster
• 12 Managing Oracle Software and Applying Patches
  • 12.1 About Patches and Patch Sets
  • 12.2 Alternative Methods of Patching
    • 12.2.1 Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control for Patching Operations
    • 12.2.2 Rapid Home Provisioning, Patching, and Upgrading
  • 12.3 Obtaining the Patch
  • 12.4 Preparing to Use OPatch
    • 12.4.1 Checking the ORACLE_HOME Environment Variable
    • 12.4.2 Performing a Backup Before Patching Software
    • 12.4.3 Staging the Patch on Each Node
    • 12.4.4 Updating the PATH Environment Variable
    • 12.4.5 Configuring SSH User Equivalency
      • 12.4.5.1 Testing SSH User Equivalency
      • 12.4.5.2 Enabling SSH User Equivalency
  • 12.5 Applying Patches
    • 12.5.1 Patching the Grid Home
    • 12.5.2 All Node Patching
    • 12.5.3 Out-of-Place Rolling Patching for Oracle RAC
    • 12.5.4 Minimum Downtime Patching
  • 12.6 Applying Patch Sets
  • 12.7 Troubleshooting Patch Deployment
    • 12.7.1 Updating the Node List for OPatch
    • 12.7.2 About OPatch Log and Trace Files
    • 12.7.3 Resolving the "Not a valid patch area" Error
    • 12.7.4 Resolving the "Unable to remove a partially installed interim patch" Error
  • 12.8 Upgrading the Oracle Software
• Glossary
• Index