Class JFrame
- All Implemented Interfaces:
ImageObserver,MenuContainer,Serializable,Accessible,RootPaneContainer,WindowConstants
java.awt.Frame that adds support for
the JFC/Swing component architecture.
You can find task-oriented documentation about using JFrame
in The Java Tutorial, in the section
How to Make Frames.
The JFrame class is slightly incompatible with Frame.
Like all other JFC/Swing top-level containers,
a JFrame contains a JRootPane as its only child.
The content pane provided by the root pane should,
as a rule, contain
all the non-menu components displayed by the JFrame.
This is different from the AWT Frame case.
As a convenience, the add, remove, and setLayout
methods of this class are overridden, so that they delegate calls
to the corresponding methods of the ContentPane.
For example, you can add a child component to a frame as follows:
frame.add(child);
And the child will be added to the contentPane.
The content pane will
always be non-null. Attempting to set it to null will cause the JFrame
to throw an exception. The default content pane will have a BorderLayout
manager set on it.
Refer to RootPaneContainer
for details on adding, removing and setting the LayoutManager
of a JFrame.
Unlike a Frame, a JFrame has some notion of how to
respond when the user attempts to close the window. The default behavior
is to simply hide the JFrame when the user closes the window. To change the
default behavior, you invoke the method
setDefaultCloseOperation(int).
To make the JFrame behave the same as a Frame
instance, use
setDefaultCloseOperation(WindowConstants.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE).
For more information on content panes and other features that root panes provide, see Using Top-Level Containers in The Java Tutorial.
In a multi-screen environment, you can create a JFrame
on a different screen device. See Frame for more
information.
Warning: Swing is not thread safe. For more information see Swing's Threading Policy.
Warning:
Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with
future Swing releases. The current serialization support is
appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running
the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage
of all JavaBeans
has been added to the java.beans package.
Please see XMLEncoder.
- Since:
- 1.2
- See Also:
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Nested Class Summary
Nested ClassesModifier and TypeClassDescriptionprotected classThis class implements accessibility support for theJFrameclass.Nested classes/interfaces declared in class java.awt.Frame
Frame.AccessibleAWTFrameNested classes/interfaces declared in class java.awt.Window
Window.AccessibleAWTWindow, Window.TypeNested classes/interfaces declared in class java.awt.Container
Container.AccessibleAWTContainerNested classes/interfaces declared in class java.awt.Component
Component.AccessibleAWTComponent, Component.BaselineResizeBehavior, Component.BltBufferStrategy, Component.FlipBufferStrategy -
Field Summary
FieldsModifier and TypeFieldDescriptionprotected AccessibleContextThe accessible context property.protected JRootPaneTheJRootPaneinstance that manages thecontentPaneand optionalmenuBarfor this frame, as well as theglassPane.protected booleanIf true then calls toaddandsetLayoutwill be forwarded to thecontentPane.Fields declared in class java.awt.Frame
CROSSHAIR_CURSOR, DEFAULT_CURSOR, E_RESIZE_CURSOR, HAND_CURSOR, ICONIFIED, MAXIMIZED_BOTH, MAXIMIZED_HORIZ, MAXIMIZED_VERT, MOVE_CURSOR, N_RESIZE_CURSOR, NE_RESIZE_CURSOR, NORMAL, NW_RESIZE_CURSOR, S_RESIZE_CURSOR, SE_RESIZE_CURSOR, SW_RESIZE_CURSOR, TEXT_CURSOR, W_RESIZE_CURSOR, WAIT_CURSORFields declared in class java.awt.Component
BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT, CENTER_ALIGNMENT, LEFT_ALIGNMENT, RIGHT_ALIGNMENT, TOP_ALIGNMENTFields declared in interface java.awt.image.ImageObserver
ABORT, ALLBITS, ERROR, FRAMEBITS, HEIGHT, PROPERTIES, SOMEBITS, WIDTHFields declared in interface javax.swing.WindowConstants
DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE, DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE, EXIT_ON_CLOSE, HIDE_ON_CLOSE -
Constructor Summary
ConstructorsConstructorDescriptionJFrame()Constructs a new frame that is initially invisible.Creates aFramein the specifiedGraphicsConfigurationof a screen device and a blank title.Creates a new, initially invisibleFramewith the specified title.JFrame(String title, GraphicsConfiguration gc) Creates aJFramewith the specified title and the specifiedGraphicsConfigurationof a screen device. -
Method Summary
Modifier and TypeMethodDescriptionprotected voidAdds the specified childComponent.protected JRootPaneCalled by the constructor methods to create the defaultrootPane.protected voidCalled by the constructors to init theJFrameproperly.Gets the AccessibleContext associated with this JFrame.Returns thecontentPaneobject for this frame.intReturns the operation that occurs when the user initiates a "close" on this frame.Returns theglassPaneobject for this frame.Creates a graphics context for this component.Returns the menubar set on this frame.Returns thelayeredPaneobject for this frame.Returns therootPaneobject for this frame.Gets thetransferHandlerproperty.static booleanReturns true if newly createdJFrames should have their Window decorations provided by the current look and feel.protected booleanReturns whether calls toaddandsetLayoutare forwarded to thecontentPane.protected StringReturns a string representation of thisJFrame.protected voidProcesses window events occurring on this component.voidRemoves the specified component from the container.voidrepaint(long time, int x, int y, int width, int height) Repaints the specified rectangle of this component withintimemilliseconds.voidsetContentPane(Container contentPane) Sets thecontentPaneproperty.voidsetDefaultCloseOperation(int operation) Sets the operation that will happen by default when the user initiates a "close" on this frame.static voidsetDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean defaultLookAndFeelDecorated) Provides a hint as to whether or not newly createdJFrames should have their Window decorations (such as borders, widgets to close the window, title...) provided by the current look and feel.voidsetGlassPane(Component glassPane) Sets theglassPaneproperty.voidsetJMenuBar(JMenuBar menubar) Sets the menubar for this frame.voidsetLayeredPane(JLayeredPane layeredPane) Sets thelayeredPaneproperty.voidsetLayout(LayoutManager manager) Sets theLayoutManager.protected voidsetRootPane(JRootPane root) Sets therootPaneproperty.protected voidsetRootPaneCheckingEnabled(boolean enabled) Sets whether calls toaddandsetLayoutare forwarded to thecontentPane.voidsetTransferHandler(TransferHandler newHandler) Sets thetransferHandlerproperty, which is a mechanism to support transfer of data into this component.voidJust callspaint(g).Methods declared in class java.awt.Frame
addNotify, getCursorType, getExtendedState, getFrames, getIconImage, getMaximizedBounds, getMenuBar, getState, getTitle, isResizable, isUndecorated, remove, removeNotify, setCursor, setExtendedState, setMaximizedBounds, setMenuBar, setResizable, setState, setTitle, setUndecoratedMethods declared in class java.awt.Window
addPropertyChangeListener, addPropertyChangeListener, addWindowFocusListener, addWindowListener, addWindowStateListener, applyResourceBundle, applyResourceBundle, createBufferStrategy, createBufferStrategy, dispose, getBackground, getBufferStrategy, getFocusableWindowState, getFocusCycleRootAncestor, getFocusOwner, getFocusTraversalKeys, getIconImages, getInputContext, getListeners, getLocale, getModalExclusionType, getMostRecentFocusOwner, getOpacity, getOwnedWindows, getOwner, getOwnerlessWindows, getShape, getToolkit, getType, getWarningString, getWindowFocusListeners, getWindowListeners, getWindows, getWindowStateListeners, hide, isActive, isAlwaysOnTop, isAlwaysOnTopSupported, isAutoRequestFocus, isFocusableWindow, isFocusCycleRoot, isFocused, isLocationByPlatform, isOpaque, isShowing, isValidateRoot, pack, paint, postEvent, processEvent, processWindowFocusEvent, processWindowStateEvent, removeWindowFocusListener, removeWindowListener, removeWindowStateListener, reshape, setAlwaysOnTop, setAutoRequestFocus, setBackground, setBounds, setBounds, setCursor, setFocusableWindowState, setFocusCycleRoot, setIconImage, setIconImages, setLocation, setLocation, setLocationByPlatform, setLocationRelativeTo, setMinimumSize, setModalExclusionType, setOpacity, setShape, setSize, setSize, setType, setVisible, show, toBack, toFrontMethods declared in class java.awt.Container
add, add, add, add, add, addContainerListener, applyComponentOrientation, areFocusTraversalKeysSet, countComponents, deliverEvent, doLayout, findComponentAt, findComponentAt, getAlignmentX, getAlignmentY, getComponent, getComponentAt, getComponentAt, getComponentCount, getComponents, getComponentZOrder, getContainerListeners, getFocusTraversalPolicy, getInsets, getLayout, getMaximumSize, getMinimumSize, getMousePosition, getPreferredSize, insets, invalidate, isAncestorOf, isFocusCycleRoot, isFocusTraversalPolicyProvider, isFocusTraversalPolicySet, layout, list, list, locate, minimumSize, paintComponents, preferredSize, print, printComponents, processContainerEvent, remove, removeAll, removeContainerListener, setComponentZOrder, setFocusTraversalKeys, setFocusTraversalPolicy, setFocusTraversalPolicyProvider, setFont, transferFocusDownCycle, validate, validateTreeMethods declared in class java.awt.Component
action, add, addComponentListener, addFocusListener, addHierarchyBoundsListener, addHierarchyListener, addInputMethodListener, addKeyListener, addMouseListener, addMouseMotionListener, addMouseWheelListener, bounds, checkImage, checkImage, coalesceEvents, contains, contains, createImage, createImage, createVolatileImage, createVolatileImage, disable, disableEvents, dispatchEvent, enable, enable, enableEvents, enableInputMethods, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, firePropertyChange, getBaseline, getBaselineResizeBehavior, getBounds, getBounds, getColorModel, getComponentListeners, getComponentOrientation, getCursor, getDropTarget, getFocusListeners, getFocusTraversalKeysEnabled, getFont, getFontMetrics, getForeground, getGraphicsConfiguration, getHeight, getHierarchyBoundsListeners, getHierarchyListeners, getIgnoreRepaint, getInputMethodListeners, getInputMethodRequests, getKeyListeners, getLocation, getLocation, getLocationOnScreen, getMouseListeners, getMouseMotionListeners, getMousePosition, getMouseWheelListeners, getName, getParent, getPropertyChangeListeners, getPropertyChangeListeners, getSize, getSize, getTreeLock, getWidth, getX, getY, gotFocus, handleEvent, hasFocus, imageUpdate, inside, isBackgroundSet, isCursorSet, isDisplayable, isDoubleBuffered, isEnabled, isFocusable, isFocusOwner, isFocusTraversable, isFontSet, isForegroundSet, isLightweight, isMaximumSizeSet, isMinimumSizeSet, isPreferredSizeSet, isValid, isVisible, keyDown, keyUp, list, list, list, location, lostFocus, mouseDown, mouseDrag, mouseEnter, mouseExit, mouseMove, mouseUp, move, nextFocus, paintAll, prepareImage, prepareImage, printAll, processComponentEvent, processFocusEvent, processHierarchyBoundsEvent, processHierarchyEvent, processInputMethodEvent, processKeyEvent, processMouseEvent, processMouseMotionEvent, processMouseWheelEvent, removeComponentListener, removeFocusListener, removeHierarchyBoundsListener, removeHierarchyListener, removeInputMethodListener, removeKeyListener, removeMouseListener, removeMouseMotionListener, removeMouseWheelListener, removePropertyChangeListener, removePropertyChangeListener, repaint, repaint, repaint, requestFocus, requestFocus, requestFocus, requestFocus, requestFocusInWindow, requestFocusInWindow, requestFocusInWindow, resize, resize, revalidate, setComponentOrientation, setDropTarget, setEnabled, setFocusable, setFocusTraversalKeysEnabled, setForeground, setIgnoreRepaint, setLocale, setMaximumSize, setMixingCutoutShape, setName, setPreferredSize, show, size, toString, transferFocus, transferFocusBackward, transferFocusUpCycleMethods declared in class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, waitMethods declared in interface java.awt.MenuContainer
getFont, postEvent
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Field Details
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rootPane
TheJRootPaneinstance that manages thecontentPaneand optionalmenuBarfor this frame, as well as theglassPane.- See Also:
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rootPaneCheckingEnabled
protected boolean rootPaneCheckingEnabledIf true then calls toaddandsetLayoutwill be forwarded to thecontentPane. This is initially false, but is set to true when theJFrameis constructed.- See Also:
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accessibleContext
The accessible context property.
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Constructor Details
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JFrame
Constructs a new frame that is initially invisible.This constructor sets the component's locale property to the value returned by
JComponent.getDefaultLocale.- Throws:
HeadlessException- if GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless() returns true.- See Also:
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JFrame
Creates aFramein the specifiedGraphicsConfigurationof a screen device and a blank title.This constructor sets the component's locale property to the value returned by
JComponent.getDefaultLocale.- Parameters:
gc- theGraphicsConfigurationthat is used to construct the newFrame; ifgcisnull, the system defaultGraphicsConfigurationis assumed- Throws:
IllegalArgumentException- ifgcis not from a screen device. This exception is always thrown when GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless() returns true.- Since:
- 1.3
- See Also:
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JFrame
Creates a new, initially invisibleFramewith the specified title.This constructor sets the component's locale property to the value returned by
JComponent.getDefaultLocale.- Parameters:
title- the title for the frame- Throws:
HeadlessException- if GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless() returns true.- See Also:
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JFrame
Creates aJFramewith the specified title and the specifiedGraphicsConfigurationof a screen device.This constructor sets the component's locale property to the value returned by
JComponent.getDefaultLocale.- Parameters:
title- the title to be displayed in the frame's border. Anullvalue is treated as an empty string, "".gc- theGraphicsConfigurationthat is used to construct the newJFramewith; ifgcisnull, the system defaultGraphicsConfigurationis assumed- Throws:
IllegalArgumentException- ifgcis not from a screen device. This exception is always thrown when GraphicsEnvironment.isHeadless() returns true.- Since:
- 1.3
- See Also:
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Method Details
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frameInit
protected void frameInit()Called by the constructors to init theJFrameproperly. -
createRootPane
Called by the constructor methods to create the defaultrootPane.- Returns:
- a new
JRootPane
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processWindowEvent
Processes window events occurring on this component. Hides the window or disposes of it, as specified by the setting of thedefaultCloseOperationproperty.- Overrides:
processWindowEventin classWindow- Parameters:
e- the window event- See Also:
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setDefaultCloseOperation
@BeanProperty(preferred=true, enumerationValues={"WindowConstants.DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE","WindowConstants.HIDE_ON_CLOSE","WindowConstants.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE","WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE"}, description="The frame's default close operation.") public void setDefaultCloseOperation(int operation) Sets the operation that will happen by default when the user initiates a "close" on this frame. You must specify one of the following choices:
DO_NOTHING_ON_CLOSE(defined inWindowConstants): Don't do anything; require the program to handle the operation in thewindowClosingmethod of a registeredWindowListenerobject.HIDE_ON_CLOSE(defined inWindowConstants): Automatically hide the frame after invoking any registeredWindowListenerobjects.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE(defined inWindowConstants): Automatically hide and dispose the frame after invoking any registeredWindowListenerobjects.EXIT_ON_CLOSE(defined inWindowConstants): Exit the application using theSystemexitmethod. Use this only in applications.
The value is set to
HIDE_ON_CLOSEby default. Changes to the value of this property cause the firing of a property change event, with property name "defaultCloseOperation".Note: When the last displayable window within the Java virtual machine (VM) is disposed of, the VM may terminate. See AWT Threading Issues for more information.
- Parameters:
operation- the operation which should be performed when the user closes the frame- Throws:
IllegalArgumentException- if defaultCloseOperation value isn't one of the above valid valuesSecurityException- ifEXIT_ON_CLOSEhas been specified and theSecurityManagerwill not allow the caller to invokeSystem.exit- See Also:
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getDefaultCloseOperation
public int getDefaultCloseOperation()Returns the operation that occurs when the user initiates a "close" on this frame.- Returns:
- an integer indicating the window-close operation
- See Also:
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setTransferHandler
@BeanProperty(hidden=true, description="Mechanism for transfer of data into the component") public void setTransferHandler(TransferHandler newHandler) Sets thetransferHandlerproperty, which is a mechanism to support transfer of data into this component. Usenullif the component does not support data transfer operations.If the system property
suppressSwingDropSupportisfalse(the default) and the current drop target on this component is eithernullor not a user-set drop target, this method will change the drop target as follows: IfnewHandlerisnullit will clear the drop target. If notnullit will install a newDropTarget.Note: When used with
JFrame,TransferHandleronly provides data import capability, as the data export related methods are currently typed toJComponent.Please see How to Use Drag and Drop and Data Transfer, a section in The Java Tutorial, for more information.
- Parameters:
newHandler- the newTransferHandler- Since:
- 1.6
- See Also:
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getTransferHandler
Gets thetransferHandlerproperty.- Returns:
- the value of the
transferHandlerproperty - Since:
- 1.6
- See Also:
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update
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setJMenuBar
@BeanProperty(bound=false, hidden=true, description="The menubar for accessing pulldown menus from this frame.") public void setJMenuBar(JMenuBar menubar) Sets the menubar for this frame.- Parameters:
menubar- the menubar being placed in the frame- See Also:
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getJMenuBar
Returns the menubar set on this frame.- Returns:
- the menubar for this frame
- See Also:
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isRootPaneCheckingEnabled
protected boolean isRootPaneCheckingEnabled()Returns whether calls toaddandsetLayoutare forwarded to thecontentPane.- Returns:
- true if
addandsetLayoutare forwarded; false otherwise - See Also:
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setRootPaneCheckingEnabled
@BeanProperty(hidden=true, description="Whether the add and setLayout methods are forwarded") protected void setRootPaneCheckingEnabled(boolean enabled) Sets whether calls toaddandsetLayoutare forwarded to thecontentPane.- Parameters:
enabled- true ifaddandsetLayoutare forwarded, false if they should operate directly on theJFrame.- See Also:
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addImpl
Adds the specified childComponent. This method is overridden to conditionally forward calls to thecontentPane. By default, children are added to thecontentPaneinstead of the frame, refer toRootPaneContainerfor details.- Overrides:
addImplin classContainer- Parameters:
comp- the component to be enhancedconstraints- the constraints to be respectedindex- the index- Throws:
IllegalArgumentException- ifindexis invalidIllegalArgumentException- if adding the container's parent to itselfIllegalArgumentException- if adding a window to a container- See Also:
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remove
Removes the specified component from the container. Ifcompis not therootPane, this will forward the call to thecontentPane. This will do nothing ifcompis not a child of theJFrameorcontentPane.- Overrides:
removein classContainer- Parameters:
comp- the component to be removed- Throws:
NullPointerException- ifcompis null- See Also:
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setLayout
Sets theLayoutManager. Overridden to conditionally forward the call to thecontentPane. Refer toRootPaneContainerfor more information. -
getRootPane
@BeanProperty(bound=false, hidden=true, description="the RootPane object for this frame.") public JRootPane getRootPane()Returns therootPaneobject for this frame.- Specified by:
getRootPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Returns:
- the
rootPaneproperty - See Also:
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setRootPane
Sets therootPaneproperty. This method is called by the constructor.- Parameters:
root- therootPaneobject for this frame- See Also:
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getContentPane
Returns thecontentPaneobject for this frame.- Specified by:
getContentPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Returns:
- the
contentPaneproperty - See Also:
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setContentPane
@BeanProperty(bound=false, hidden=true, description="The client area of the frame where child components are normally inserted.") public void setContentPane(Container contentPane) Sets thecontentPaneproperty. This method is called by the constructor.Swing's painting architecture requires an opaque
JComponentin the containment hierarchy. This is typically provided by the content pane. If you replace the content pane it is recommended you replace it with an opaqueJComponent.- Specified by:
setContentPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Parameters:
contentPane- thecontentPaneobject for this frame- Throws:
IllegalComponentStateException- (a runtime exception) if the content pane parameter isnull- See Also:
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getLayeredPane
Returns thelayeredPaneobject for this frame.- Specified by:
getLayeredPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Returns:
- the
layeredPaneproperty - See Also:
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setLayeredPane
@BeanProperty(bound=false, hidden=true, description="The pane that holds the various frame layers.") public void setLayeredPane(JLayeredPane layeredPane) Sets thelayeredPaneproperty. This method is called by the constructor.- Specified by:
setLayeredPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Parameters:
layeredPane- thelayeredPaneobject for this frame- Throws:
IllegalComponentStateException- (a runtime exception) if the layered pane parameter isnull- See Also:
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getGlassPane
Returns theglassPaneobject for this frame.- Specified by:
getGlassPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Returns:
- the
glassPaneproperty - See Also:
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setGlassPane
@BeanProperty(bound=false, hidden=true, description="A transparent pane used for menu rendering.") public void setGlassPane(Component glassPane) Sets theglassPaneproperty. This method is called by the constructor.- Specified by:
setGlassPanein interfaceRootPaneContainer- Parameters:
glassPane- theglassPaneobject for this frame- See Also:
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getGraphics
Creates a graphics context for this component. This method will returnnullif this component is currently not displayable.- Overrides:
getGraphicsin classComponent- Returns:
- a graphics context for this component, or
nullif it has none - Since:
- 1.6
- See Also:
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repaint
public void repaint(long time, int x, int y, int width, int height) Repaints the specified rectangle of this component withintimemilliseconds. Refer toRepaintManagerfor details on how the repaint is handled. -
setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated
public static void setDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated(boolean defaultLookAndFeelDecorated) Provides a hint as to whether or not newly createdJFrames should have their Window decorations (such as borders, widgets to close the window, title...) provided by the current look and feel. IfdefaultLookAndFeelDecoratedis true, the currentLookAndFeelsupports providing window decorations, and the current window manager supports undecorated windows, then newly createdJFrames will have their Window decorations provided by the currentLookAndFeel. Otherwise, newly createdJFrames will have their Window decorations provided by the current window manager.You can get the same effect on a single JFrame by doing the following:
JFrame frame = new JFrame(); frame.setUndecorated(true); frame.getRootPane().setWindowDecorationStyle(JRootPane.FRAME);- Parameters:
defaultLookAndFeelDecorated- A hint as to whether or not current look and feel should provide window decorations- Since:
- 1.4
- See Also:
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isDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated
public static boolean isDefaultLookAndFeelDecorated()Returns true if newly createdJFrames should have their Window decorations provided by the current look and feel. This is only a hint, as certain look and feels may not support this feature.- Returns:
- true if look and feel should provide Window decorations.
- Since:
- 1.4
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paramString
Returns a string representation of thisJFrame. This method is intended to be used only for debugging purposes, and the content and format of the returned string may vary between implementations. The returned string may be empty but may not benull.- Overrides:
paramStringin classFrame- Returns:
- a string representation of this
JFrame
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getAccessibleContext
Gets the AccessibleContext associated with this JFrame. For JFrames, the AccessibleContext takes the form of an AccessibleJFrame. A new AccessibleJFrame instance is created if necessary.- Specified by:
getAccessibleContextin interfaceAccessible- Overrides:
getAccessibleContextin classFrame- Returns:
- an AccessibleJFrame that serves as the AccessibleContext of this JFrame
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