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System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 Information Library |
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System Administration Guide: Devices and File Systems Oracle Solaris 10 8/11 Information Library |
1. Managing Removable Media (Overview)
2. Managing Removable Media (Tasks)
3. Accessing Removable Media (Tasks)
4. Writing CDs and DVDs (Tasks)
5. Managing Devices (Overview/Tasks)
6. Dynamically Configuring Devices (Tasks)
7. Using USB Devices (Overview)
9. Using InfiniBand Devices (Overview/Tasks)
11. Administering Disks (Tasks)
Administering Disks (Task Map)
How to Identify the Disks on a System
How to Determine if a Disk Is Formatted
How to Display Disk Slice Information
Recovering a Corrupted Disk Label
How to Recover a Corrupted Disk Label
12. SPARC: Setting Up Disks (Tasks)
13. x86: Setting Up Disks (Tasks)
14. Configuring Oracle Solaris iSCSI Targets and Initiators (Tasks)
15. The format Utility (Reference)
16. Managing File Systems (Overview)
17. Creating and Mounting File Systems (Tasks)
18. Using The CacheFS File System (Tasks)
19. Configuring Additional Swap Space (Tasks)
20. Checking UFS File System Consistency (Tasks)
21. UFS File System (Reference)
22. Backing Up and Restoring UFS File Systems (Overview)
23. Backing Up UFS Files and File Systems (Tasks)
24. Using UFS Snapshots (Tasks)
25. Restoring UFS Files and File Systems (Tasks)
26. UFS Backup and Restore Commands (Reference)
27. Copying Files and File Systems (Tasks)
The labeling of a disk is usually done during system installation or when you are using new disks. You might need to relabel a disk if the disk label becomes corrupted. For example, from a power failure.
The format utility attempts to automatically configure any unlabeled SCSI disk. If the format utility is able to automatically configure an unlabeled disk, it displays a message similar to the following:
c2t3d0: configured with capacity of 136.73GB
You can use the following procedure to do the following:
Label a disk with a VTOC or an EFI label for a disk 2 terabytes in size.
Label a disk that is greater than 2 terabytes in size with an EFI label.
If you want to put an EFI label on disk smaller than 2 terabytes, see Example 11-5.
# format
A numbered list of disks is displayed.
Specify disk (enter its number):1
If the format utility recognizes the disk type, the next step is to search for a backup label to label the disk. Labeling the disk with the backup label labels the disk with the correct partitioning information, the disk type, and disk geometry.
If the disk is unlabeled and was successfully configured, go to Step 5 to label the disk.
The format utility will ask if you want to label the disk.
If the disk is labeled but you want to change the disk type, or if the format utility was not able to automatically configure the disk, proceed to Step 6 to set the disk type and label the disk.
Disk not labeled. Label it now? y
The disk is now labeled. Go to step 10 to exit the format utility.
format> type
The Available Drive Types menu is displayed.
Specify disk type (enter its number)[12]: 12
Or, select 0 to automatically configure a SCSI-2 disk.
Disk not labeled. Label it now? y
Otherwise, you are prompted with this message:
Ready to label disk, continue? y
format> verify
format> q #
Example 11-4 Labeling a Disk
The following example shows how to automatically configure and label a 36-GB disk.
# format
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c0t0d0 <SUN36G cyl 24620 alt 2 hd 27 sec 107>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0
1. c0t1d0 <SEAGATE-ST336607LSUN36G-0307-33.92GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@1,0
2. c0t2d0 <SEAGATE-ST336607LSUN36G-0507-33.92GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@2,0
3. c0t3d0 <SEAGATE-ST336607LSUN36G-0507-33.92GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@3,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 3
c0t3d0: configured with capacity of 33.92GB
Disk not labeled. Label it now? yes
format> verify
format> q
#Example 11-5 Labeling a Disk With an EFI Label
The following example shows how to use the format -e command to label a disk with an EFI label. Remember to verify that your layered software products will continue to work on systems with EFI-labeled disks. For general information on EFI label restrictions, see Restrictions of the EFI Disk Label.
# format -e
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c2t0d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0
1. c2t1d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@1,0
2. c2t2d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@2,0
3. c2t3d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@3,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 3
selecting c2t3d0
[disk formatted]
format> label
[0] SMI Label
[1] EFI Label
Specify Label type[0]: 1
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
format> quitExample 11-6 Change a EFI-Labeled Disk to an SMI-Labeled Disk
The following example shows how to use the format -e command to change an EFI labeled disk to an SMI-labeled disk that can be used for a ZFS root pool.
# format -e
Searching for disks...done
AVAILABLE DISK SELECTIONS:
0. c2t0d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@0,0
1. c2t1d0 <SUN72G cyl 14087 alt 2 hd 24 sec 424>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@1,0
2. c2t2d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@2,0
3. c2t3d0 <FUJITSU-MAP3147N SUN146G-0501-136.73GB>
/pci@1c,600000/scsi@2/sd@3,0
Specify disk (enter its number): 3
selecting c2t0d0
[disk formatted]
format> label
[0] SMI Label
[1] EFI Label
Specify Label type[1]: 0
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
You should also check the default partition table to ensure that it is optimal for a root pool slice, which means that the bulk of the disk space is in slice 0. See the steps below to increase the size of slice 0.
format> partition
partition> print
Current partition table (default):
Total disk cylinders available: 14085 + 2 (reserved cylinders)
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 root wm 1 - 13 129.19MB (13/0/0) 264576
1 swap wu 14 - 26 129.19MB (13/0/0) 264576
2 backup wu 0 - 14086 136.71GB (14087/0/0) 286698624
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 usr wm 27 - 14084 136.43GB (14058/0/0) 286108416
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 9.94MB (1/0/0) 20352
9 alternates wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
partition> modify
Select partitioning base:
0. Current partition table (default)
1. All Free Hog
Choose base (enter number) [0]? 1
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 root wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 14084 136.69GB (14085/0/0) 286657920
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 9.94MB (1/0/0) 20352
9 alternates wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
Do you wish to continue creating a new partition
table based on above table[yes]? yes
Free Hog partition[6]? 0
Enter size of partition '1' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '3' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '4' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '5' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '6' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Enter size of partition '7' [0b, 0c, 0.00mb, 0.00gb]:
Part Tag Flag Cylinders Size Blocks
0 root wm 1 - 14084 136.68GB (14084/0/0) 286637568
1 swap wu 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
2 backup wu 0 - 14084 136.69GB (14085/0/0) 286657920
3 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
4 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
5 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
6 usr wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
7 unassigned wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
8 boot wu 0 - 0 9.94MB (1/0/0) 20352
9 alternates wm 0 0 (0/0/0) 0
Okay to make this the current partition table[yes]? yes
Enter table name (remember quotes): "c2t0d0"
Ready to label disk, continue? yes
partition> quit
format> quitExample 11-7 Labeling Multiple Disks
You can use the prtvtoc and fmthard commands to label multiple disks with the same disk geometry.
Use the following for loop in a script to copy a disk label from one disk and replicate it on multiple disks.
# for i in x y z
> do
> prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/cwtxdysz | fmthard -s - /dev/rdsk/cwt${i}d0s2
> done
In this example, the disk label from c2t0d0s0 is copied to four other disks.
# for i in 1 2 3 5
> do
> prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c2t0d0s0 | fmthard -s - /dev/rdsk/c2t${i}d0s2
> done
fmthard: New volume table of contents now in place.
fmthard: New volume table of contents now in place.
fmthard: New volume table of contents now in place.
fmthard: New volume table of contents now in place.
Examine disk label information by using the prtvtoc command. For a detailed description of the disk label and the information that is displayed by the prtvtoc command, see Chapter 10, Managing Disks (Overview).
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/device-name
where device-name is the raw disk device you want to examine.
Example 11-8 Examining a Disk Label
The following example shows disk label information for a disk with a VTOC label.
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s0
* /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s0 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
* 512 bytes/sector
* 848 sectors/track
* 24 tracks/cylinder
* 20352 sectors/cylinder
* 14089 cylinders
* 14087 accessible cylinders
*
* Flags:
* 1: unmountable
* 10: read-only
*
* First Sector Last
* Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory
0 2 00 0 286698624 286698623
2 5 01 0 286698624 286698623
The following example shows disk label information for a disk with an EFI label.
# prtvtoc /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s0
* /dev/rdsk/c2t3d0s0 partition map
*
* Dimensions:
* 512 bytes/sector
* 848 sectors/track
* 24 tracks/cylinder
* 20352 sectors/cylinder
* 14089 cylinders
* 14087 accessible cylinders
*
* Flags:
* 1: unmountable
* 10: read-only
*
* First Sector Last
* Partition Tag Flags Sector Count Sector Mount Directory
0 2 00 0 286698624 286698623
2 5 01 0 286698624 286698623
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