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e-docs > WebLogic Server > Programming WebLogic JMS > Managing WebLogic JMS |
Programming WebLogic JMS |
The WebLogic Server Administration Console provides an interface for easily enabling, configuring, and monitoring the features of the WebLogic Server, including JMS. To invoke the Administration Console, refer to the procedures described in "Starting and Stopping Servers" in the Administration Console Online Help.
The following sections provide an overview of configuring and monitoring WebLogic JMS:
Using the Administration Console, you define configuration attributes to:
WebLogic JMS provides default values for some configuration attributes; you must provide values for all others. If you specify an invalid value for any configuration attribute, or if you fail to specify a value for an attribute for which a default does not exist, WebLogic Server will not boot JMS when you restart it. A sample examplesJMSServer configuration is provided with the product in the Examples Server. For more information about starting the Examples Server, see "Starting the Default, Examples, and Pet Store Servers" in the Installing WebLogic Server.
When migrating from a previous release of Weblogic Server, the configuration information is converted automatically, as described in Porting Existing Applications.
To configure WebLogic JMS attributes, follow the procedures described in the "Configuring JMS" section of the Administration Console Online Help, to create and configure the JMS objects. Once WebLogic JMS is configured, applications can send and receive messages using the JMS API. For more information about developing WebLogic JMS applications, refer to Developing a WebLogic JMS Application.
Note: Configuration Checklists, provides checklists that enable you to view the attribute requirements and/or options for supporting various JMS features.
Starting WebLogic Server and Configuring JMS
The following sections review how to start WebLogic Server and the Administration console, as well as provide a procedure for configuring a basic JMS implementation.
Starting the Default WebLogic Server
The default role for a WebLogic Server is the Administration Server. If a domain consists of only one WebLogic Server, that server is the Administration Server. If a domain consists of multiple WebLogic Servers, you must start the Administration Server first, and then you start the Managed Servers.
For complete information about starting the Administration Server, see "Starting and Stopping Servers" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Starting the Administration Console
The Administration Console is the Web-based administrator front-end (administrator client interface) to WebLogic Server. You must start the server before you can access the Administration Console for a server.
For complete details about using the Administration Console to configure a WebLogic Server, see "Starting and Using the Administration Console" in Configuring and Managing a WebLogic Server.
Configuring a Basic JMS Implementation
This section describes how to configure a basic JMS implementation using the Administration Console.
Note: For more information on configuring file stores, see "JMS File Store Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Note: For more information on configuring JDBC-accessible JMS JDBC stores, see "JMS JDBC Store Tasks", "Configuring JDBC Connection Pools," "Configuring JDBC Multipools," and "Configuring JDBC DataSources" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Note: For more information on configuring a JMS Template, see "JMS Template Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Note: For more information on configuring a JMS Server, see "JMS Server Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Note: For more information on configuring a Destinations, see "JMS Destination Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Note: For more information on configuring a Connection Factory, see "JMS Connection Factory Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Configuring WebLogic JMS Clustering
A WebLogic Server cluster is a group of servers that work together to provide a more scalable, more reliable application platform than a single server. A cluster appears to its clients as a single server but is in fact a group of servers acting as one. A cluster provides three key features above a single server:
A clustered service is an API or interface that is available on multiple servers in the cluster.
Note: JMS clients depend on unique WebLogic Server names to successfully access a cluster—even when WebLogic Servers reside in different domains. Therefore, make sure that all WebLogic Servers that JMS clients contact have unique server names.
For more information about starting WebLogic clusters and its features and benefits, see "Configuring WebLogic Servers and Clusters" in Using WebLogic Server Clusters.
You can establish cluster-wide, transparent access to destinations from any server in the cluster by configuring multiple connection factories and using targets to assign them to WebLogic Servers. Each connection factory can be deployed on multiple WebLogic Servers. The administrator can configure multiple JMS servers on the various nodes in the cluster—as long as the JMS servers are uniquely named—and can then assign JMS destinations to the various JMS servers.
The application uses the Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) to look up a connection factory and create a connection to establish communication with a JMS server. Each JMS server handles requests for a set of destinations. Requests for destinations not handled by a JMS server are forwarded to the appropriate WebLogic Server.
The following guidelines apply when configuring WebLogic JMS to work in a clustered environment in a single WebLogic domain or in a multi-domain environment.
JMS Distributed Destination within a Cluster
The WebLogic JMS administrator can also configure multiple destinations as part of a single distributed destination set within a cluster. Producers and consumers are able to send and receive to the distributed destination. In the event of a single server failure within the cluster, WebLogic JMS then distributes the load across all available physical destinations within the distributed destination set. For more information, see "Distributed Destination Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
JMS as a Migratable Service within a Cluster
WebLogic JMS takes advantage of the migration framework implemented in the WebLogic Server core for clustered environments. This allows WebLogic JMS to properly respond to migration requests and bring a JMS server online and offline in an orderly fashion. This includes both scheduled migrations as well as migrations in response to a WebLogic Server failure. For more information, see Configuring JMS Migratable Targets.
In order to use WebLogic JMS in a clustered environment, you must:
For more information about these configuration attributes, see "JMS Server Tasks" or "JMS Connection Factory Tasks" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For WebLogic JMS implementations that are part of a WebLogic 7.0 clustered environment, JMS offers service continuity in the event of a single Weblogic Server failure by enabling you to configure multiple physical destinations (queues and topics) as part of a single distributed destination set. In addition, implementing the Migratable Service feature, will ensure that pinned "exactly-once" services, like JMS, do not introduce a single point of failure for dependent applications in the cluster,
However, automatic failover is not currently supported by WebLogic JMS. For information about performing a manual failover, refer to Recovering from a WebLogic Server Failure.
Configuring JMS Migratable Targets
As an "exactly-once" service, WebLogic JMS is not active on all WebLogic Server instances in a cluster. It is instead "pinned" to a single server in the cluster to preserve data consistency. To ensure that pinned services do not introduce a single point of failure for dependent applications in the cluster, WebLogic Server can be configured to migrate exactly-once services to any server in the migratable target list.
WebLogic JMS takes advantage of the migration framework by allowing an administrator to specify a migratable target for a JMS server in the Administration Console. Once properly configured, a JMS server and all of its destinations can migrate to another WebLogic Server within a cluster.
This allows WebLogic JMS to properly respond to migration requests and bring a JMS server online and offline in an orderly fashion. This includes both scheduled migrations as well as migrations in response to a WebLogic Server failure with the cluster.
For more information about defining migratable targets, see "Migration for Pinned Services" in Using WebLogic Server Clusters.
For implementations that are part of a WebLogic clustered environment, WebLogic JMS implements the weblogic.cluster.Migratable interface, which allows JMS servers to respond to activate and deactivate requests.
In order to make WebLogic JMS a migratable service in a clustered environment, you must do the following:
When a migratable target server boots, the JMS server boots as well on the user-preferred server in the cluster. However, a JMS server and all of its destinations can migrate to another server within the cluster in response to a WebLogic Server failure or due to a scheduled migration for maintenance.
Note: A JMS server and all of its destination members can migrate to another WebLogic Server within a cluster—even when the target WebLogic Server is already hosting a JMS server with all of its destination members. Although this can lead to situations where the same WebLogic server hosts two physical destinations for a single distributed destination, this is permissible in the short term, since the WebLogic Server can host multiple physical destinations for that distributed destination. For more information about JMS distributed destinations, see Using Distributed Destinations.
Weblogic JMS persistent stores cannot be migrated along with JMS servers; therefore, applications that need access to persistent stores from other physical machines after the migration of a JMS server must implement an alternative solution, as follows:
For more information about configuring a JMS JDBC store, see "Configuring JDBC Stores" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For information about procedures for recovering from a WebLogic Server failure, see Recovering from a WebLogic Server Failure.
The following sections explain how to get the most out of your applications by implementing the administrative performance tuning features available with WebLogic JMS.
For more information, see "Configuring a Synchronous Write Policy for JMS File Stores" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For more information, see "Using Message Paging" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For more information, see "Establishing Message Flow Control" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For more information, see "Avoiding Quota Exceptions by Blocking Message Producers" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For more information, see "Handling Expired Messages" in the Administration Console Online Help.
For more information, see "Tuning Distributed Destinations" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Statistics are provided for the following JMS objects: JMS servers, connections, sessions, destinations, durable subscribers, message producers, message consumers, and server session pools. You can monitor JMS statistics using the Administration Console.
JMS statistics continue to increment as long as the server is running. Statistics can only be reset when the server is rebooted. For more information on configuring and monitoring WebLogic JMS, see "Monitoring JMS" in the Administration Console Online Help.
Once WebLogic JMS has been configured, applications can begin sending and receiving messages through the JMS API, as described in Developing a WebLogic JMS Application.
Recovering from a WebLogic Server Failure
The following sections describe how to terminate a JMS application gracefully if a server fails and how to migrate JMS data after server failure.
You may want to program your JMS application to terminate gracefully in the event of a WebLogic Server failure. For example:
Migrating JMS Data to a New Server
WebLogic JMS uses the migration framework implemented in the WebLogic Server core, which allows WebLogic JMS to properly respond to migration requests and bring a WebLogic JMS server online and offline in an orderly fashion. This includes both scheduled migrations as well as migrations in response to a WebLogic Server failure.
Once properly configured, a JMS server and all of its destination members can migrate to another WebLogic Server within a cluster.
You can recover JMS data from a failed WebLogic Server by starting a new server and doing one or more of the tasks in Table 3-2.
Note: There are special considerations when you migrate a service from a server instance that has crashed or is unavailable to the Administration Server. If the Administration Server cannot reach the previously active host of the service at the time you perform the migration, see "Migrating a Service When Currently Active Host is Unavailable".
Table 3-2 Migration Task Guide
Note: JMS persistent stores can increase the amount of memory required during initialization of WebLogic Server as the number of stored messages increases. When rebooting WebLogic Server, if initialization fails due to insufficient memory, increase the heap size of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) proportionally to the number of messages that are currently stored in the JMS persistent store and try the reboot again.
For information about starting a new WebLogic Server, refer to see "Starting and Stopping Servers" in the Administration Console Online Help. For information about recovering a failed server, refer to Recovering Failed Servers in the Configuring and Managing WebLogic Domains guide.
For more information about migratable targets, see "Configuring WebLogic Migratable Services" in Using WebLogic Server Clusters.