This chapter covers the following topics:
Oracle Project Manufacturing supports companies in the Engineer-To-Order, Make-To-Order, Seiban, and Aerospace and Defense industries. These industries plan, track, procure, and cost based on project, contract, or Seiban numbers.
Oracle Project Manufacturing supports the following key areas:
Contract/Sales management and fulfillment, including drop shipments
Advanced supply chain planning
Costing
Procurement
Shop floor execution, including Flow Manufacturing integration
Project inventory tracking including Warehouse Management Integration
Project manufacturing quality management
Assemble-To-Order and Pick-To-Order environments
In addition, Oracle Projects provides the following main features:
Work breakdown structure definition
Project management system integration
Budgeting and funding
Cost tracking and control
Cash forecasting
Billing
Revenue recognition
Archive and purge
The following key features are supported specifically for the Aerospace and Defense industry:
Model/unit effectivity (serial effectivity)
Borrow payback
Hard and soft full pegging across the supply chain
Group netting
Actual costing (moving weighted average method)
Complete integration with Oracle Advanced Planning and Scheduling
Integration with Oracle Advanced Supply Chain Planning
Related Topics
See the Overview in the Oracle Project Contracts User's Guide
Overview of Cost Management, Oracle Cost Management User's Guide
Overview of Flow Manufacturing, Oracle Flow Manufacturing User's Guide
Overview of Bills of Material, Oracle Bills of Material User's Guide
Overview of Configure to Order, Oracle Bills of Material User's Guide
Overview of On-hand and Availability, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Serial Number Control, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Overview of Oracle Quality, Oracle Quality User's Guide
Overview of Budgeting, Oracle General Ledger User's Guide
Bills Receivable Overview, Oracle Receivables User's Guide
Oracle Project Manufacturing is fully integrated with the Oracle Projects, Oracle Financials, Oracle Human Resources, Oracle Customer Relationship Management, and Oracle Advanced Supply Chain Management product suites. The following figure depicts the integration points.
Related Topics
See the Overview in the Oracle Project Contracts User's Guide
Overview of Cost Management, Oracle Cost Management User's Guide
Overview of Flow Manufacturing, Oracle Flow Manufacturing User's Guide
Overview of Bills of Material, Oracle Bills of Material User's Guide
Overview of Configure to Order, Oracle Bills of Material User's Guide
Overview of On-hand and Availability, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Serial Number Control, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Overview of Oracle Quality, Oracle Quality User's Guide
Overview of Budgeting, Oracle General Ledger User's Guide
Bills Receivable Overview, Oracle Receivables User's Guide
A contract cycle begins with a bid and proposal process by Sales and Engineering. This process includes review of profit margins and actual status on similar projects, calculation of a high-level project schedule to determine a rough-cut project duration, engineering reviews with optional new product introduction, infinite or constraint-based capacity simulation, procurement analysis for contract specific out-sourcing and requests for supplier quotes. The final result is a bid.
After the customer awards the contract, you define the project work breakdown structure and the budgeting and reporting requirements then submit for approval. The work breakdown structure represents all project activities including tasks, sub-tasks, work packages, activities, and milestones.
Project demand enters into the execution and planning system. The planning system runs a single or multiple plans across the supply chain and optimizes as needed based on constraints. Simulation of alternates provides the information required to determine the optimal scenario. The system analyzes specific project exception messages at the outcome of each planning run. It forwards the planning results to procurement and the shop floor for execution. You can route drop shipped material directly to procurement from order management, bypassing planning.
Shop floor execution uses discrete work orders, flow schedules, or a combination to manufacture (sub)assemblies. Procurement uses either blanket releases or standard purchase orders, based on the project specific supplier quotes, for procured material. The system tracks all project specific material (hard pegged) separately in the system, and permits borrowing or permanent transfers from one project to another. Also, you can track project specific quality data and analyze defects and non-conformances.
During execution, the system collects direct and indirect actual costs by project. You can analyze costs for a specific project or across multiple projects. Based on actual costs, you can perform earned value analysis, progress billing, and revenue recognition. During the execution phase the system collects quality data and analyzes it by project.
After the project is shipped and installed at the customer site, final billing, reconciliation, and close-out execute.
Related Topics
Creating Projects, Oracle Projects Fundamentals
Overview of Shipping, Oracle Shipping Execution User's Guide
The following figure illustrates project manufacturing features. It also depicts the dependencies between the various products used to provide a full project manufacturing solution.
Related Topics
Project Setup for Manufacturing
Project Manufacturing Planning
Project Manufacturing Execution
To define a project work breakdown structure, you can use one of the following methods:
Define the project structure in a third party project management system and transfer the structure into Oracle Projects. Use basic setup data from Oracle Projects, such as project resources, project calendars, and project templates, directly in your third party project management system. Depending on the project management system, you need the Oracle Projects Connect or Oracle Projects Activity Management Gateway product to accomplish this.
Define the project structure directly in Oracle Projects.
Define the project structure using the Seiban Number Wizard.
Before you release the project to collect manufacturing costs, define the project-related manufacturing parameters for costing and planning purposes. For example, you need to decide whether to allow netting of materials within a project group across multiple projects or to track manufacturing costs separately by project or for a group of projects. You can also use project attachments to enter project or contract specific documentation.
Related Topics
Creating Projects, Oracle Projects Fundamentals
Overview of Projects and Tasks, Oracle Projects Fundamentals
To track costs against budgets, you can define your budgets in Oracle Projects. You define budgets directly in Oracle Projects or import budgets from external systems. Oracle Projects' main budgeting features are:
Multiple Budget Versions You can use Oracle Projects to create multiple budget versions that include all of the costs for your project, such as engineering costs, item costs, manufacturing costs, and overheads. Having multiple budget versions enables you to revise your estimate-to-complete many times during a project. Each project can compare the current or baseline budget with earlier versions for analytical reporting.
Unlimited Budget Types You can create different types of budgets. You can create cost budgets, revenue budgets, forecasted revenue budget, approved cost budget, and more.
Time Phased Budgeting You can create time periods or use existing calendars in Oracle General Ledger or Oracle Projects to establish multiple budgeting periods.
Budget Extensions You can use budget extensions to accommodate your company's budgeting needs.
Budget Baselining and Approval You can baseline a budget and use a workflow-supported approval process for approving your budget.
Budgeting related documents, such as spreadsheets, can be included as budget attachments.
Related Topics
Overview of Project Budgets, Oracle Projects User's Guide
After your project structure and budgeting have been defined in Oracle Projects, you need to define the Project Manufacturing parameters for your project. These include:
Default WIP Accounting Class
Cost Group
Borrow Payback Variance Accounts
Planning Group
Task Auto-Assignment parameters
Expenditure types if you selected the parameter Transfer to PA in the Project Manufacturing Organization Parameters
Project manufacturing costing information:
Link project expenditure types to manufacturing cost elements and cost sub-elements
Link new manufacturing departments to new projects expenditure organizations
Define expenditure types for IPV, ERV, Freight, Tax, and Miscellaneous Invoice Costs
Define expenditure types for purchase price variance in a Standard Costing organization and Direct Item in an Enterprise Asset Management organization
Define borrow payback accounts
Related Topics
Project Manufacturing Parameters
Project contract management supports contract management needs of project driven organizations including: authoring of different types of contract documents, workflow based contract administration and change management, contract funding, deliverable tracking with ERP integration, contract costing, and contract billing.
The Deliverable Tracking System (DTS) is the center of Contract Execution and tracks all execution activities related to a contract. The DTS integrates with other major components of the Oracle e-Business Suite, including: Oracle Projects, Oracle Project Manufacturing, Oracle Advanced Planning and Scheduling, Oracle Procurement, and Oracle Shipping Execution. Oracle Project Manufacturing integration allows you to:
Use Project MRP to plan your contract deliverables
Collect costs against a contract through projects and tasks during execution
DTS is also used to track all contract activities such as planned receipts and shipments, mailing of an initial engineering drawing or progress report submissions. You can also view and track contract related information from other Oracle applications. Key features in Oracle Project Contracts include:
Contract document authoring
Deliverable tracking
Contract document change management
Contract hold management
Contract funding
Contract billing methods
Robust subcontracting
Contract flow-down
Role-based security
Related Topics
See the Overview in the Oracle Project Contracts User's Guide
Overview of ERP Integration, Project Contracts Implementation Guide
Project sales management activities include recording customer quotation documents, project specifications, quotation and sales order information, and fulfillment.
Oracle Project Manufacturing supports:
Project Quotations and Sales Orders Oracle Order Management enables you to specify quotation and sales orders. A quotation can be copied easily to a sales order. Quotation, and sales order lines can be linked to projects and project tasks.
Project Return Material Authorization (RMA) Oracle Order Management enables you to process Project RMAs using the line type category ‘Return.' Examples of the line types available are return for credit without receipt of goods, return for credit with receipt of goods, and return for replacement.
Project Assemble-To-Order (ATO) and Pick-To-Order (PTO) Oracle Project Manufacturing enables you to use Oracle Configurator with Oracle Order Management with propagation of project and task on the configured model, options, and included items. For ATO, the Final Assembly Schedule process creates a WIP Job with the configuration's project and task.
Project Drop Shipments You can specify a project and task on a sales order line and use drop shipment to automatically create a project purchase requisition. Drop-shipped materials ship directly from supplier to customer.
Project Fulfillment Oracle Order Management and Oracle Shipping Execution support delivery-based shipping with user-definable picking rules for order fulfillment. After manufacturing is complete, finished goods are picked automatically from the project inventory upon pick release. You can also pick all items for a project and task.
Project Order Import If you use external systems to capture order information you can use Order Import to import external sales orders or quotations, including project and task references.
Related Topics
Order Import, Oracle Order Management User's Guide
Drop Shipments, Oracle Order Management User's Guide
To drive project manufacturing planning, you must enter demand in the system. The system supports three ways to enter demand:
Forecasts You can enter a forecast and link a forecast entry to a project and task.
Sales Orders You can enter a sales order and link a sales order line to a project and task. You can use Order Import to import sales orders.
Master Demand/Master Production Schedule You can enter a master schedule and link a master schedule entry to a project and task. Forecasts and sales orders can be sources for a master schedule.
After you enter demand in the system, you can start the planning cycle. You can execute a planning cycle for a plan that spans one organization or an entire supply chain.
You must be able to separate all sources of supply and demand by project, identify components as shared or project specific, track existing inventories by project, and provide visibility to all supply and demand associated with a project.
Oracle Project Manufacturing provides:
Hard Pegging You can plan material requirements while respecting hard pegs on all supply orders and generate planned orders with project/task references. Each item can be hard or soft pegged, thereby enabling various pegging methods within a bill of material. Hard pegging is also supported in a supply chain planning scenario.
Soft Pegging You can plan materials and soft peg them to the demand. Soft pegging is also supported in a supply chain planning scenario.
Group Netting You can net within a planning group (multiple projects) and you can soft peg items to the projects within the project group.
Common Supply Netting You can net excess common (non-project) supply to hard pegged demand.
Graphical Pegging to Project You can use the object navigator to view your pegging information, such as project, task and sales order, graphically.
Planner Workbench You can use the Planner Workbench to view project exceptions, a project horizontal plan, supply and demand per project, and unit number to simulate new or existing project demand, and to release planned orders by project.
Forecast by Project/Task You can link a project work breakdown structure to a forecast entry and run the forecast demand through the planning system. This enables you to plan long-term capacity and procurement for your projects.
Master Schedule by Project/Task You can load the MDS/MPS from a project forecast with project sales orders or manually link a project work breakdown structure to a schedule entry. You can have project and non-project demand in one schedule.
Project Exception Messages The planning system generates project related exception messages including: items allocated across projects and tasks, items with excess inventory in a project or task, items with shortage in a project or task, reschedule-in, reschedule-out, and cancellation. You can use the workflow-based exception messages to define collaborative scenarios between internal and external organizations.
Single Planning Run for all Projects You can run a single plan for multiple projects at once, and eliminate the need to run planning project by project.
Project Planning Simulation You can enter new supply and demand entries for new project and tasks or change existing supply and demand due dates directly in the Planner Workbench. Online net-change simulation allows you to view the results of your changes in minutes. This enables you to respond easily to scenarios of fluctuating and unexpected demand or to project management system rescheduling results.
Multi-Organization/Multi-Plant and Supply Chain Projects You can consolidate all costs for the products you manufacture for the same project in multiple plants in Oracle Projects. You can use Oracle Advanced Supply Chain Planning to plan projects across a supply chain with appropriate propagation of project and tasks on internal orders and demand and supply entities.
Constraint-Based Optimization You can use Oracle Advanced Supply Chain Planning to optimize your project material and capacity plans using a variety of constraints and objective functions.
Borrow Payback Supply and Demand The planning engine recognizes borrow payback supply and demand.
Related Topics
See the Overview in the Oracle Advanced Supply Chain Planning User's Guide
Overview of Optimization, Oracle Advanced Planning and Scheduling Implementation and User's Guide
The planning cycle results in planned orders that are fed into the execution system:
Internal orders driven by inter-company supply
WIP Discrete Jobs for make items (Project Work In Process)
Flow Schedules for make items (Project Work In Process)
Purchase Requisitions or Blanket Releases for buy items (Project Procurement)
The execution system addresses the inventory, shop floor, and procurement activities. Project manufacturing costs are collected during execution.
Oracle Project Manufacturing supports the following features for Project Work In Process:
Project WIP Jobs You can create WIP Jobs with project/task references. Project Manufacturing supports standard and non-standard WIP Jobs. You can create Standard Project WIP Jobs automatically and release them from the Planner Workbench.
Note: For release 12.2.13 and later, the serial tagging functionality is applicable to Project Manufacturing enabled organizations. If the organization is enabled for Project Manufacturing, then during supported WIP transactions, you are prompted to provide the serial tagging assignment that you defined at the item level.
See:
Serial Number Tagging in the Material Control chapter, Oracle Work in Process User's Guide
Overview of Serial Tagging Assignments, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Setting Up Serial Tagging Assignments, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Project Outside Processing You can use existing outside processing functionality to support Project Outside Processing. The system transfers the project/task on the work order once the outside processed purchase requisition generates.
Project Repair Orders You can link non-standard WIP Jobs to a project / task to capture project repair.
Project Flow Schedules You can use flow schedules in a work order-less production environment. Flow schedules can be created and released from the Planner Workbench or Line Scheduling Workbench.
Oracle Project Manufacturing supports the following features for Project Procurement:
Project Requisitions You can create requisitions with project/task references. You can define project requisitions for inventory and expense destination types and you can implement project requisitions automatically from the Planner Workbench.
Project Purchase Orders You can create purchase orders with project/task references. You can define project purchase orders for inventory and expense destination types.
Project Blanket Releases You can create purchase blanket releases with project/task references. You can implement project blanket releases automatically from the Planner Workbench.
Project RFQs You can create purchase Request For Quotations (RFQ) manually or auto-create an RFQ from a requisition. You can request multiple quotes within one vendor RFQ.
Project Supplier Quotes You can create purchase vendor quotes manually or create a quote from an RFQ.
Related Topics
Overview of Outside Processing, Oracle Work in Process User's Guide
Overview of Requisitions, Oracle Purchasing User's Guide
Overview of Purchases Orders, Oracle Purchasing User's Guide
Purchase Order Types, Oracle Purchasing User's Guide
Overview of Sourcing, RFQs and Quotations, Oracle Purchasing User's Guide
Overview of Creating Discrete Jobs, Oracle Work in Process User's Guide
Overview of Non-Standard Discrete Jobs, Oracle Work in Process User's Guide
Tracking inventory by project and dealing with permanent and temporary transfers from one project to another or from common inventory to project inventory is essential for a project-based environment. Oracle Project Manufacturing supports:
Project Inventory You can use project locators to segregate inventory by project. Purchase order receipt locators validate automatically for project purchase orders. You can reference existing project locators or dynamically create project locators upon receipt. The issue, back-flush, and completion locators validate automatically for project WIP jobs and associated material. Similar logic applies in processing flow schedules using work order-less completions.
Project Material Transactions You can use existing material transactions such as Miscellaneous Issue/Receipt, Move Orders, PO Receipt, WIP Issue, WIP Return, and WIP Completion.
Permanent Project to Project Transfers You can use project transfer transactions to transfer material from one project to another with appropriate transfer of inventory value.
Temporary Project to Project Transfers You can use borrow payback transactions to borrow material from one project to another, and ensure payback against the original value.
Common-to-Project and Project-to-Common Transfers You can use project transfer transactions to transfer material from common inventory to project inventory and vice versa, with the appropriate transfer of inventory value.
Project Mass Transfers You can use the mass transfer wizard to initiate the mass transfer of material from one project to another based on criteria you define, with the appropriate transfer of inventory value. The system generates notifications of approval for the from and to project managers, if the project managers are different.
Consigned Material from Supplier You can perform implicit and explicit consumption of consigned items to demand/supply documents with project references, with appropriate transfer of inventory value into a project.
Project Warehouse Management You can enable Warehouse Management and Project Manufacturing in the same organization. You can receive, move, manufacture, pick and ship material owned by a project. You can leverage warehouse resource management, warehouse configuration productivity performance analysis, task scheduling, advanced pick methodologies, and value added services.
After completion of the assembly on the project sales order lines, the goods can be shipped to the customer for installation.
Related Topics
Defining Stock Locators, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
Defining Pick Methodologies, Oracle Warehouse Management User's Guide
Overview of Inventory Transactions, Oracle Inventory User's Guide
During the execution phase, project-related costs can be collected in four ways:
Import of costs from external systems directly into Oracle Projects' Transaction Import.
Entry of direct labor and expenses directly into Oracle Projects using time and expense entry.
Collection of manufacturing labor, material, and manufacturing overhead in Oracle Cost Management as a result of Work In Process and Inventory transactions.
Import of manufacturing costs from external systems using Oracle Manufacturing Transaction Import.
For expense purchases, the invoice costs flow to a project through Oracle Payables. For inventory purchases, the purchase costs flow to a project through Oracle Cost Management upon receiving into destination. As soon as invoices are matched, approved, and posted to the General Ledger, you can transfer the appropriate invoice charges (IPV, ERV, Freight, Tax, and Miscellaneous) to Oracle Projects, using the Invoice Charge Transfer Request.
For inter-company costs, the system transfers costs at cost group value (determined by FOB point), either collapsed into the material element or with elemental details.
Oracle Project Manufacturing supports project costing with the following features:
Cost Groups You can create cost groups and link cost groups to projects to identify and separate costs by item and by project. Costs are tracked using perpetual weighted average costing. You can use one cost group for multiple projects if you want to establish a weighted average cost by item for a group of projects.
You can create cost groups and link cost groups to projects to identify the accounts in a Standard Costing organization. You maintain standard costs at the organization level.
You can create cost groups and link them to projects to identify layer costs by item in a Last in First out (LIFO) or First in First out (FIFO) costing organization. Costs are maintained in layers each with its own cost.
Linking Project Expense Organizations to Manufacturing Departments You can link project expense organizations to manufacturing departments to allow for departmental cost visibility and analysis for a project.
Common Project You can define a common project to collect cost for all common material transactions into Oracle Projects. You can use standard tools such as Expenditure Inquiry and Project Status Inquiry to analyze your common project, view commitments and actuals, and compare common and project-specific costs.
Linking Project Cost Elements To Manufacturing Cost Elements You can create user-defined project cost elements (Oracle Projects expenditure types), and manufacturing cost (sub)elements. You can map project cost elements into user categories for analysis and reporting. Oracle Project Manufacturing enables you to link manufacturing cost elements (labor, material, overhead, outside processing), resources, and departments to project cost elements. This allows you to track all costs within a project for the following sources: purchasing, project direct labor and expenses, shop floor activity, or external systems.
Manufacturing Cost Collector The Manufacturing Cost Collector enables you to transfer manufacturing costs to Oracle Projects. The engine derives all required information such as expenditure organization, expenditure date, and project cost element, automatically. The system transfers all manufacturing costs to the Oracle Project Transaction Import for project cost distribution. The Cost Collector also calls the Task Auto Assignment Rules to assign tasks to costed transactions when you run a project-only manufacturing scenario.
Oracle Projects supports costing with the following additional features to keep track of project progress, actual-versus-planned budget, control of project purchase commitments, and reporting:
Project Status Inquiry Use this feature to research project facts. You can drill up and down on the project work breakdown structure and obtain project summary information, detailed transaction information. You can also obtain project commitments, revenue, invoices, unbilled costs, backlog, and receivable information. The project status inquiry extension enables you to pull project information from any part of the database. You can export data in online queries to a desktop spreadsheet and reporting tools, to meet the requirements of your company.
Project Comparison You can use Oracle Projects to compare baseline and current project budgets.
Project Status Reporting Oracle Projects supports a large number of project status reports to analyze your project financial status.
Project Expenditure Types You can create project cost elements (expenditure types) and group these elements into categories.
Related Topics
Overview of Expenditures, Oracle Project Costing User Guide
Expenditure Types, Oracle Projects Implementation Guide
Applying Overhead Rate by Oracle Projects, Cost Management User's Guide
Oracle Projects is the repository for all project costs. You can use these costs for earned value analysis. The result of the earned value analysis can trigger project billing.
Within the Project Manufacturing solution, there are three ways to accomplish billing:
Drive billing from Oracle Order Management using order types (workflow) that interface to Oracle Receivables.
Drive billing from Oracle Project Billing using billing schedules that interface to Oracle Receivables.
Use a combination of the first two methods. For example, you might drive project billing from Oracle Project Billing and spare-part billing from Oracle Order Management. If you use Oracle Shipping Execution to ship project-related assemblies, but not to bill for them, use order types (workflow) that do not interface to Oracle Receivables to avoid double billing.
Related Topics
Oracle Project Billing, Oracle Projects Fundamentals User Guide
Oracle Project Billing User Guide
You can implement Oracle Quality for managing project quality. Oracle Quality in combination with Oracle Project Manufacturing supports:
Project Quality Collection Elements You can use project and task as quality collection elements.
Specify Project on Quality Collection Plan You can specify a project on a quality collection plan.
Specify Project as a Collection Trigger You can specify a project as a trigger for a quality collection plan.
Specify Project as Criteria for Skip Lot and Sampling You can specify a project as one of the criteria for Skip Lot and Sampling Inspections in Oracle Quality.
Project Quality Data Collection You can use manual entry, or the Oracle Quality Data Collection open interface to collect project and task related quality information.
Project Quality Analysis You can use project and task as selection criteria for quality analysis.
Related Topics
Overview of Collection Elements, Oracle Quality User's Guide
Overview of Collection Plans, Oracle Quality User's Guide
Oracle Project Manufacturing provides additional special features:
Model/Unit Effectivity (Serial Effectivity) You can define unit effective items and bills of materials, which allows you to implement product structure variations driven by unit number effectivity as opposed to date effectivity. You can engineer, sell, plan, produce, procure, ship, and track against a unit number. You can also use Model/Unit Effectivity in a non-project based environment.
Task Auto Assignment Workbench You can use the Task Auto Assignment Workbench to define material, WIP material and resource rules for task allocation. It supports scenarios that run the manufacturing side under project control. Task Auto Assignment supports a myriad of rules to assign tasks dynamically to project-only manufacturing transactions for more flexible costing scenarios. For example, instead of allocating all costs for a work order to one task, you can implement rules that allow certain resource cost to be allocated to one task, other resource costs to another task, and material costs to be allocated to yet another task.
Project Manufacturing Inquiry/Seiban InquiryThis provides a real-time look at the project execution status in the Supply Chain. The Project Manufacturing/Seiban Numbers details pages allow you to access information on Projects and Project Manufacturing data such as: project sales orders, project procurement documents, project discrete jobs with material and operation details, project cost activity, project flow schedules, project cost group with history, project budgeting, project expenditures, and project commitments. It also enables you to access details at the project or task level.
Manufacturing Project Definition This workflow-based process guides you through the setup steps required to define a project manufacturing project. The process keeps track of completion and can notify a user on steps to be done or completed.
Project Schedule Exceptions This workflow-based process assists you in identifying project schedule inconsistencies. Inconsistencies are sent to project and task managers. The process monitors overdue work and out of sync work orders, procurement documents, and sales orders; as wells as out of sync planning entries.
Seiban Number Wizard The Seiban Number Wizard guides you in the definition of seiban numbers. Seiban numbers are unique numbers using Project Manufacturing without Oracle Projects. For ETO-type seiban or lot-type seiban, you can define a multi-level project structure in Oracle Projects, or a top-level project structure that can be generated through the wizard.
Related Topics
Overview of Model/Unit Effectivity
Overview of Task Auto Assignment