Administering TCP/IP Networks, IPMP, and IP Tunnels in Oracle® Solaris 11.2

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Updated: July 2014
 
 

Monitoring IPMP Information

The following examples show how to use the ipmpstat command to monitor different aspects of the IPMP groups that are on the system. You can observe the status of an IPMP group as a whole or its underlying IP interfaces. You can also verify the configuration of data and test addresses for an IPMP group. You can also use the same command to obtain information about failure detection. For more information, see the ipmpstat (1M) man page.

When you use the ipmpstat command, by default, the most meaningful fields that fit in 80 columns are displayed. In the output, all of the fields that are specific to the option that you use with the ipmpstat command are displayed, except in the case where the ipmpstat is used with the –p option.

By default, host names are displayed in the output instead of numeric IP addresses, provided that the host names exist. To list the numeric IP addresses in the output, use the –n option with other options to display specific IPMP group information.


Note -  In the following examples, use of the ipmpstat command does not require system administrator privileges, unless stated otherwise.

Use the ipmpstat command with the following options to display the desired information:

–g

Displays information about the IPMP groups on the system. See Example 3–9.

–a

Displays the data addresses that are configured for the IPMP groups. See Example 3–10.

–i

Displays information about IP interfaces that are related to IPMP configuration. See Example 3–11.

–t

Displays information about target systems that are used for detecting failure. This option also displays the test addresses that are used by the IPMP group. See Example 3–12.

–p

Displays information about the probes that are being used for failure detection. See Example 3–13.

The following additional examples show how to display information about your system's IPMP configuration by using the ipmpstat command.

Example 3-9  Obtaining IPMP Group Information

The –g option displays the status of the various IPMP groups that are on the system, including the status of their underlying interfaces. If probe-based failure detection is enabled for a specific group, the command also includes the failure detection time for that group.

% ipmpstat -g
GROUP   GROUPNAME   STATE      FDT        INTERFACES
ipmp0   ipmp0       ok         10.00s     net0 net1
acctg1  acctg1      failed     --         [net3 net4]
field2  field2      degraded   20.00s     net2 net5 (net7) [net6]

The output fields provide the following information:

GROUP

Specifies the IPMP interface name. For an anonymous group, this field is empty. For more information about anonymous groups, see the in.mpathd (1M) man page.

GROUPNAME

Specifies the name of the IPMP group. In the case of an anonymous group, this field is empty.

STATE

Indicates an IPMP group's current status, which can be one of the following:

  • ok – Indicates that all of the underlying interfaces of the IPMP group are usable.

  • degraded – Indicates that some of the underlying interfaces in the group are unusable.

  • failed – Indicates that all of the group's interfaces are unusable.

FDT

Specifies the failure detection time, if failure detection is enabled. If failure detection is disabled, this field is empty.

INTERFACES

Specifies the underlying interfaces that belong to the IPMP group. In this field, active interfaces are displayed first, then inactive interfaces, and finally unusable interfaces. The status of an interface is indicated by the manner in which it is displayed:

  • interface (without parentheses or square brackets) – Indicates an active interface. Active interfaces are being used by the system to send or receive data traffic.

  • (interface) (with parentheses) – Indicates a functioning but inactive interface. The interface is not in use, as defined by administrative policy.

  • [interface] (with square brackets) – Indicates that the interface is unusable because it has either failed or been taken offline.

Example 3-10  Obtaining IPMP Data Address Information

The –a option displays data addresses and the IPMP group to which each address belongs. The displayed information also includes those addresses that are available for use, depending on whether the addresses have been toggled by the ipadm [up-addr/down-addr] command. You can also determine on which inbound or outbound interface an address can be used.

% ipmpstat -an
ADDRESS         STATE    GROUP      INBOUND     OUTBOUND
192.168.10.10   up       ipmp0         net0    net0 net1
192.168.10.15   up       ipmp0         net1    net0 net1
192.0.0.100     up       acctg1        --          --
192.0.0.101     up       acctg1        --          --
192.168.10.31   up       field2        net2    net2 net7
192.168.10.32   up       field2        net7    net2 net7
192.168.10.33   down     field2        --          --

The output fields provide the following information:

ADDRESS

Specifies the host name or the data address, if the –n option is used with the –a option.

STATE

Indicates whether the address on the IPMP interface is up, and therefore usable, or down, and therefore unusable.

GROUP

Specifies the IPMP interface that hosts a specific data address. Typically, in Oracle Solaris, the name of the IPMP group is the IPMP interface.

INBOUND

Identifies the interface that receives packets for a given address. The field information might change depending on external events. For example, if a data address is down, or if no active IP interfaces remain in the IPMP group, this field is empty. The empty field indicates that the system is not accepting IP packets that are destined for the given address.

OUTBOUND

Identifies the interface that sends packets that are using a given address as a source address. As with the INBOUND field, the OUTBOUND information might also change depending on external events. An empty field indicates that the system is not sending packets with the given source address. The field might be empty, either because the address is down or because no active IP interfaces remain in the group.

Example 3-11  Obtaining Information About Underlying IP Interfaces of an IPMP Group

The –i option displays information about an IPMP group's underlying IP interfaces.

% ipmpstat -i
INTERFACE   ACTIVE   GROUP      FLAGS      LINK       PROBE      STATE
net0        yes      ipmp0      --mb---    up         ok         ok
net1        yes      ipmp0      -------    up         disabled   ok
net3        no       acctg1     -------    unknown    disabled   offline
net4        no       acctg1     is-----    down       unknown    failed
net2        yes      field2     --mb---    unknown    ok         ok
net6        no       field2     -i-----    up         ok         ok
net5        no       filed2     -------    up         failed     failed
net7        yes      field2     --mb---    up         ok         ok

The output fields provide the following information:

INTERFACE

Specifies each underlying interface in each IPMP group.

ACTIVE

Indicates whether the interface is functioning and in use (yes) or not (no).

GROUP

Specifies the IPMP interface name. For anonymous groups, this field is empty. For more information about anonymous groups, see the in.mpathd (1M) man page.

FLAGS

Indicates the status of each underlying interface, which can be one or any combination of the following:

  • b – Indicates that the interface is designated by the system to receive broadcast traffic for the IPMP group.

  • d – Indicates that the interface is down and therefore unusable.

  • h – Indicates that the interface shares a duplicate physical hardware address with another interface and has been taken offline. The h flag indicates that the interface is unusable.

  • i – Indicates that the INACTIVE flag is set for the interface. Therefore, the interface is not used to send or receive data traffic.

  • m – Indicates that the interface is designated by the system to send and receive IPv4 multicast traffic for the IPMP group.

  • M – Indicates that the interface is designated by the system to send and receive IPv6 multicast traffic for the IPMP group.

  • s – Indicates that the interface is configured as a standby interface.

LINK

Indicates the status of link-based failure detection, which is one of the following:

  • up or down – Indicates the availability or unavailability of a link.

  • unknown – Indicates that the driver does not support notification of whether a link is up or down and therefore does not detect changes in the state of the link.

PROBE

Specifies the state of probe-based failure detection for interfaces that have been configured with a test address, as follows:

  • ok – Indicates that the probe is functional and active.

  • failed – Indicates that probe-based failure detection has detected that the interface is not working.

  • unknown – Indicates that no suitable probe targets could be found, Therefore, probes cannot be sent.

  • disabled – Indicates that no IPMP test address is configured on the interface. Therefore, probe-based failure detection is disabled.

STATE

Specifies the overall state of the interface, as follows:

  • ok – Indicates that the interface is online and working normally based on the configuration of failure detection methods.

  • failed – Indicates that the interface is not working either because the interface's link is down or because the probe detection has determined that the interface cannot send or receive traffic.

  • offline – Indicates that the interface is not available for use. Typically, the interface is taken offline under the following circumstances:

    • The interface is being tested.

    • Dynamic reconfiguration is being performed.

    • The interface shares a duplicate hardware address with another interface.

  • unknown – Indicates that the IPMP interface's state cannot be determined because no probe targets were found for probe-based failure detection.

Example 3-12  Obtaining IPMP Probe Target Information

The –t option identifies the probe targets that are associated with each IP interface in an IPMP group. The output in the following example shows an IPMP configuration that uses test addresses for probe-based failure detection.

% ipmpstat -nt
INTERFACE   MODE          TESTADDR        TARGETS
net0        routes        192.168.85.30   192.168.85.1 192.168.85.3
net1        disabled      --              --
net3        disabled      --              --
net4        routes        192.1.2.200      192.1.2.1
net2        multicast     192.168.10.200   192.168.10.1 192.168.10.2
net6        multicast     192.168.10.201   192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1
net5        multicast     192.168.10.202   192.168.10.1 192.168.10.2
net7        multicast     192.168.10.203   192.168.10.1 192.168.10.2

The following output shows an IPMP configuration that uses transitive probing or probe-based failure detection without test addresses.

% ipmpstat -nt
INTERFACE   MODE         TESTADDR         TARGETS
net3        transitive   <net1>           <net1> <net2> <net3>
net2        transitive   <net1>           <net1> <net2> <net3>
net1        routes       172.16.30.100    172.16.30.1

The output fields provide the following information:

INTERFACE

Specifies each underlying interface of an IPMP group.

MODE

Specifies the method for obtaining the probe targets.

  • routes – Indicates that the system routing table is used to find probe targets.

  • mcast – Indicates that multicast ICMP probes are used to find targets.

  • disabled – Indicates that probe-based failure detection has been disabled for the interface.

  • transitive – Indicates that transitive probing is used for failure detection, as shown in the second example. Note that you cannot implement probe-based failure detection while simultaneously using transitive probes and test addresses. If you do not want to use test addresses, then you must enable transitive probing. If you do not want to use transitive probing, then you must configure test addresses. For an overview, see Probe-Based Failure Detection.

TESTADDR

Specifies the host name, or if the –n option is used with the –t option, the IP address that is assigned to the interface to send and receive probes.

If transitive probing is used, then the interface names refer to the underlying IP interfaces that are not actively used to receive data. The names also indicate that the transitive test probes are being sent with the source address of these specified interfaces. For active underlying IP interfaces that receive data, an IP address that is displayed indicates the source address of outgoing ICMP probes.


Note -  If an IP interface is configured with both IPv4 and IPv6 test addresses, the probe target information is displayed separately for each test address.
TARGETS

Lists the current probe targets in a space-separated list. The probe targets are displayed either as host names or IP addresses. If the –n option is used with the –t option, the IP addresses are displayed.

Example 3-13  Observing IPMP Probes

The –p option enables you to observe ongoing probes. When you use this option with the ipmpstat command, information about probe activity on the system is continuously displayed until you terminate the command by pressing Control-C. You must become the root role or have appropriate privileges to run this command.

The following is an example of an IPMP configuration that uses test addresses for probe-based failure detection.

# ipmpstat -pn
TIME    INTERFACE   PROBE     NETRTT   RTT      RTTAVG     TARGET
0.11s   net0        589       0.51ms   0.76ms   0.76ms     192.168.85.1
0.17s   net4        612       --       --       --         192.1.2.1
0.25s   net2        602       0.61ms   1.10ms   1.10ms     192.168.10.1
0.26s   net6        602       --       --       --         192.168.10.2
0.25s   net5        601       0.62ms   1.20ms   1.00ms     192.168.10.1
0.26s   net7        603       0.79ms   1.11ms   1.10ms     192.168.10.1
1.66s   net4        613       --       --       --         192.1.2.1
1.70s   net0        603       0.63ms   1.10ms   1.10ms     192.168.85.3
^C

The following is an example of an IPMP configuration that uses transitive probing or probe-based failure detection without test addresses.

# ipmpstat -pn
TIME    INTERFACE   PROBE      NETRTT   RTT      RTTAVG     TARGET
1.39S   net4        t28        1.05ms   1.06ms   1.15ms     <net1>
1.39s   net1        i29        1.00ms   1.42ms   1.48ms     172.16.30.1
^C

The output fields provide the following information:

TIME

Specifies the time a probe was sent relative to when the ipmpstat command was issued. If a probe was initiated prior to ipmpstat being started, then the time is displayed with a negative value, relative to when the command was issued.

INTERFACE

Specifies the interface on which the probe is sent.

PROBE

Specifies the identifier that represents the probe. If transitive probing is used for failure detection, the identifier is prefixed with either t for transitive probes or i for ICMP probes.

NETRTT

Specifies the total network round-trip time of the probe, measured in milliseconds. NETRTT covers the time between the moment when the IP module sends the probe and the moment the IP module receives the ack packets from the target. If the in.mpathd daemon has determined that the probe is lost, then the field is empty.

RTT

Specifies the total round-trip time for the probe, measured in milliseconds. RTT covers the time between the moment the in.mpathd daemon executes the code to send the probe and the moment the daemon completes processing of the ack packets from the target. If the daemon has determined that the probe is lost, then the field is empty. Spikes that occur in the RTT that are not present in the NETRTT might indicate that the local system is overloaded.

RTTAVG

Specifies the probe's average round-trip time over the interface between the local system and the target. The average round-trip time helps identify slow targets. If data is insufficient to calculate the average, this field is empty.

TARGET

Specifies the host name. Or, if the –n option is used with the –p option, specifies the target address to which the probe is sent.