Table of Contents

• Title and Copyright Information
• Preface
  • Audience
  • Documentation Accessibility
  • Related Documentation
  • Conventions
• Changes in This Release for Backup and Recovery User's Guide
  • Changes in Oracle Database Release 19c
  • Changes in Oracle Database Release 18c, Version 18.1
• Part I Overview of Backup and Recovery
  • 1 Introduction to Backup and Recovery
    • 1.1 Purpose of Backup and Recovery
      • 1.1.1 About Data Protection
      • 1.1.2 About Failures that Require Database Recovery
      • 1.1.3 About Data Archival
      • 1.1.4 About Data Transfer
    • 1.2 Oracle Backup and Recovery Solutions
    • 1.3 Comparison of Oracle Backup Techniques
    • 1.4 About Oracle Flashback Technology
      • 1.4.1 Logical Flashback Features
      • 1.4.2 Flashback Database
    • 1.5 About Data Recovery Advisor
    • 1.6 RMAN and Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
      • 1.6.1 About Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
      • 1.6.2 Accessing the Database Home Page Using Cloud Control
      • 1.6.3 Performing Backup and Recovery Tasks with Cloud Control
    • 1.7 About Zero Data Loss Recovery Appliance
      • 1.7.1 Using RMAN with Recovery Appliance
    • 1.8 Backup and Recovery Documentation Roadmap
      • 1.8.1 Recovery Manager Documentation Roadmap
      • 1.8.2 User-Managed Backup and Recovery Documentation Roadmap
  • 2 Getting Started with RMAN
    • 2.1 Overview of the RMAN Environment
    • 2.2 Starting RMAN and Connecting to a Database: Quick Start
    • 2.3 Showing the Default RMAN Configuration
    • 2.4 Backing Up a Database: Quick Start
      • 2.4.1 About Typical RMAN Backup Options
      • 2.4.2 Backing Up a Database in ARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 2.4.3 Backing Up a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 2.4.4 Making Incremental Backups: Quick Start
      • 2.4.5 Making Incrementally Updated Backups
      • 2.4.6 Validating Database Files and Backups: Quick Start
      • 2.4.7 Scripting RMAN Operations
    • 2.5 Reporting on RMAN Operations: Quick Start
      • 2.5.1 Listing Backups: Quick Start
      • 2.5.2 Reporting on Database Files and Backups: Quick Start
    • 2.6 Maintaining RMAN Backups
      • 2.6.1 Cross-checking Backups: Quick Start
      • 2.6.2 Deleting Obsolete Backups: Quick Start
    • 2.7 Diagnosing and Repairing Failures with Data Recovery Advisor: Quick Start
      • 2.7.1 Listing Failures and Determining Repair Options
      • 2.7.2 Repairing Failures: Quick Start
    • 2.8 Rewinding a Database with Flashback Database: Quick Start
    • 2.9 Restoring and Recovering Database Files: Quick Start
      • 2.9.1 Preparing to Restore and Recover Database Files: Quick Start
      • 2.9.2 Recovering the Whole Database: Quick Start
      • 2.9.3 Recovering Tablespaces: Quick Start
      • 2.9.4 Recovering Individual Data Blocks: Quick Start
• Part II Starting and Configuring RMAN and Flashback Database
  • 3 Recovery Manager Architecture
    • 3.1 About the RMAN Environment
    • 3.2 About RMAN Command-Line Client
    • 3.3 About RMAN Channels
      • 3.3.1 About RMAN Channels and Devices
      • 3.3.2 About RMAN Automatic and Manual Channels
    • 3.4 About the RMAN Repository
    • 3.5 About Media Management Using RMAN
      • 3.5.1 About RMAN Interaction with a Media Manager
      • 3.5.2 About RMAN and Oracle Secure Backup
      • 3.5.3 About the Backup Solutions Program
    • 3.6 About the Fast Recovery Area
    • 3.7 About RMAN in a Data Guard Environment
      • 3.7.1 About RMAN Configuration in a Data Guard Environment
      • 3.7.2 About RMAN File Management in a Data Guard Environment
        • 3.7.2.1 About Interchangeability of Backups in a Data Guard Environment
        • 3.7.2.2 About Association of Backups in a Data Guard Environment
        • 3.7.2.3 About Accessibility of Backups in a Data Guard Environment
    • 3.8 About RMAN in a Recovery Appliance Environment
      • 3.8.1 Creating RMAN Backups to Recovery Appliance
  • 4 Starting and Interacting with the RMAN Client
    • 4.1 Starting and Exiting RMAN
    • 4.2 Making Database Connections with RMAN
      • 4.2.1 About RMAN Database Connection Types
      • 4.2.2 About Authentication for RMAN Database Connections
        • 4.2.2.1 Authentication Using the Operating System
        • 4.2.2.2 Authentication Using a Password File
      • 4.2.3 Making Database Connections to non-CDBs from the RMAN Prompt
      • 4.2.4 Making RMAN Connections to non-CDBs from the Operating System Command Line
      • 4.2.5 Making RMAN Connections to CDBs and PDBs
        • 4.2.5.1 About Performing Operations on CDBs and PDBs
        • 4.2.5.2 Restrictions When Connected to a PDB
        • 4.2.5.3 Connecting as Target to the Root
        • 4.2.5.4 Connecting as Target to a PDB
      • 4.2.6 Making RMAN Database Connections Within Command Files
      • 4.2.7 Connecting RMAN to an Auxiliary Database
      • 4.2.8 Diagnosing RMAN Connection Problems
        • 4.2.8.1 Diagnosing Target and Auxiliary Database Connection Problems
        • 4.2.8.2 Diagnosing Recovery Catalog Connection Problems
    • 4.3 Specifying the Location of RMAN Output
    • 4.4 Setting Globalization Support Environment Variables for RMAN
    • 4.5 Entering RMAN Commands
      • 4.5.1 Entering RMAN Commands at the RMAN Prompt
      • 4.5.2 Using Command Files with RMAN
      • 4.5.3 Entering Comments in RMAN Command Files
      • 4.5.4 Using Substitution Variables in Command Files
      • 4.5.5 Checking RMAN Syntax
        • 4.5.5.1 Checking RMAN Syntax at the Command Line
        • 4.5.5.2 Checking RMAN Syntax in Command Files
    • 4.6 Using the RMAN Pipe Interface
      • 4.6.1 Executing Multiple RMAN Commands in Succession Through a Pipe: Example
      • 4.6.2 Executing RMAN Commands in a Single Job Through a Pipe: Example
  • 5 Configuring the RMAN Environment
    • 5.1 About Configuring the Environment for RMAN Backups
      • 5.1.1 Showing and Clearing Persistent RMAN Configurations
      • 5.1.2 Configuring the Default Device for Backups: Disk or SBT
      • 5.1.3 Configuring the Default Type for Backups: Backup Sets or Copies
      • 5.1.4 Configuring Channels
        • 5.1.4.1 About Channel Configuration
        • 5.1.4.2 Configuring Channels for Disk
        • 5.1.4.3 Configuring Parallel Channels for Disk and SBT Devices
        • 5.1.4.4 Manually Overriding Configured Channels
      • 5.1.5 Configuring Control File and Server Parameter File Autobackups
        • 5.1.5.1 Configuring the Control File Autobackup Format
        • 5.1.5.2 Overriding the Configured Control File Autobackup Format
    • 5.2 Configuring RMAN to Make Backups to a Media Manager
      • 5.2.1 Prerequisites for Using a Media Manager with RMAN
      • 5.2.2 Determining the Location of the Media Management Library
      • 5.2.3 Configuring Media Management Software for RMAN Backups
      • 5.2.4 Testing Whether the Media Manager Library Is Integrated Correctly
        • 5.2.4.1 Testing ALLOCATE CHANNEL on the Media Manager
        • 5.2.4.2 Testing Backup and Restore Operations on the Media Manager
      • 5.2.5 Configuring SBT Channels for Use with a Media Manager
        • 5.2.5.1 About Media Manager Backup Piece Names
        • 5.2.5.2 Configuring Automatic SBT Channels
    • 5.3 Configuring RMAN to Make Backups to Recovery Appliance
      • 5.3.1 Prerequisites for Using Recovery Appliance
      • 5.3.2 Steps to Configure RMAN for Backups to Recovery Appliance
      • 5.3.3 Determining the Location of the Recovery Appliance Backup Module
      • 5.3.4 Specifying Recovery Appliance Configuration Settings for RMAN Backups
    • 5.4 Configuring the Fast Recovery Area
      • 5.4.1 Overview of Files in the Fast Recovery Area
        • 5.4.1.1 Fast Recovery Area with Oracle Managed Files and Automatic Storage Management
        • 5.4.1.2 How Oracle Manages Disk Space in the Fast Recovery Area
      • 5.4.2 Enabling the Fast Recovery Area
        • 5.4.2.1 Considerations When Setting the Size of the Fast Recovery Area
        • 5.4.2.2 Considerations When Setting the Location of the Fast Recovery Area
        • 5.4.2.3 Setting the Fast Recovery Area Location and Initial Size
      • 5.4.3 Disabling the Fast Recovery Area
      • 5.4.4 Configuring Locations for Control Files and Redo Logs
        • 5.4.4.1 Configuring Online Redo Log Locations
        • 5.4.4.2 Configuring Control File Locations
        • 5.4.4.3 Configuring Archived Redo Log Locations
      • 5.4.5 Configuring RMAN File Creation in the Fast Recovery Area
    • 5.5 Configuring the Backup Retention Policy
      • 5.5.1 Configuring a Redundancy-Based Retention Policy
      • 5.5.2 Configuring a Recovery Window-Based Retention Policy
      • 5.5.3 Disabling the Retention Policy
    • 5.6 Backup Optimization and the CONFIGURE command
      • 5.6.1 Overview of Backup Optimization
      • 5.6.2 Effect of Retention Policies on Backup Optimization for SBT Backups
        • 5.6.2.1 About Backup Optimization for SBT Backups with Recovery Window Retention Policy
        • 5.6.2.2 About Backup Optimization for SBT Backups With Redundancy Retention Policy
      • 5.6.3 Configuring Backup Optimization
    • 5.7 Configuring an Archived Redo Log Deletion Policy
      • 5.7.1 About Archived Redo Log Deletion Policies
        • 5.7.1.1 When the Archived Redo Log Deletion Policy Is Disabled
        • 5.7.1.2 When the Archived Redo Log Deletion Policy Is Enabled
      • 5.7.2 Enabling an Archived Redo Log Deletion Policy
    • 5.8 Configuring RMAN in a Data Guard Environment
  • 6 Configuring the RMAN Environment: Advanced Topics
    • 6.1 Configuring Advanced Channel Options
      • 6.1.1 About Channel Control Options
      • 6.1.2 Configuring Specific Channel Parameters
        • 6.1.2.1 Configuring Specific Channels: Examples
        • 6.1.2.2 Relationship Between CONFIGURE CHANNEL and Parallelism Setting
    • 6.2 Configuring Advanced Backup Options
      • 6.2.1 Configuring the Maximum Size of Backup Sets
      • 6.2.2 Configuring the Maximum Size of Backup Pieces
      • 6.2.3 Configuring Backup Duplexing
      • 6.2.4 Configuring Tablespaces for Exclusion from Whole Database Backups
      • 6.2.5 Configuring Compression Options
        • 6.2.5.1 About RMAN Precompression Block Processing
        • 6.2.5.2 About RMAN Supported Compression Levels
          • 6.2.5.2.1 About RMAN Default Compression
          • 6.2.5.2.2 About Oracle Advanced Compression Option
      • 6.2.6 Configuring Backup Encryption
        • 6.2.6.1 About Backup Encryption
          • 6.2.6.1.1 Transparent Encryption of Backups
          • 6.2.6.1.2 Password Encryption of Backups
          • 6.2.6.1.3 Dual Mode Encryption of Backups
        • 6.2.6.2 Configuring RMAN Backup Encryption Modes
        • 6.2.6.3 Configuring the Backup Encryption Algorithm
    • 6.3 Configuring Auxiliary Instance Data File Names
    • 6.4 Configuring the Snapshot Control File Location
      • 6.4.1 Viewing the Configured Location of the Snapshot Control File
      • 6.4.2 Setting the Location of the Snapshot Control File
    • 6.5 Configuring RMAN for Use with a Shared Server
    • 6.6 Enabling Lost Write Detection
    • 6.7 Enabling Shadow Lost Write Protection
  • 7 Using Flashback Database and Restore Points
    • 7.1 Overview of Flashback Database, Restore Points and Guaranteed Restore Points
      • 7.1.1 About Flashback Database
      • 7.1.2 About Flashback Database Window
      • 7.1.3 Limitations of Flashback Database
      • 7.1.4 About Normal Restore Points
      • 7.1.5 About Guaranteed Restore Points
        • 7.1.5.1 Guaranteed Restore Points versus Storage Snapshots
      • 7.1.6 Overview of Restore Points in a Multitenant Environment
        • 7.1.6.1 About CDB Restore Points
        • 7.1.6.2 About Restore Points in PDBs
        • 7.1.6.3 About the Namespace for PDB Restore Points
    • 7.2 About Logging for Flashback Database and Guaranteed Restore Points
      • 7.2.1 Guaranteed Restore Points and Fast Recovery Area Space Usage
      • 7.2.2 About Logging for Guaranteed Restore Points with Flashback Logging Disabled
      • 7.2.3 About Logging for Flashback Database with Guaranteed Restore Points Defined
    • 7.3 Prerequisites for Flashback Database and Restore Points
    • 7.4 Using Normal and Guaranteed Restore Points
      • 7.4.1 Creating Normal and Guaranteed Restore Points in non-CDBs
      • 7.4.2 Creating CDB Restore Points
      • 7.4.3 Creating PDB Restore Points
      • 7.4.4 Listing Restore Points Using the LIST Command
      • 7.4.5 Listing Restore Points Using the V$RESTORE_POINT View
      • 7.4.6 Dropping Restore Points
    • 7.5 Using Flashback Database
      • 7.5.1 Enabling Flashback Database
      • 7.5.2 Disabling Flashback Database Logging
      • 7.5.3 Configuring the Environment for Optimal Flashback Database Performance
      • 7.5.4 Monitoring the Effect of Flashback Database on Performance
      • 7.5.5 About Flashback Writer (RVWR) Behavior with I/O Errors
• Part III Backing Up and Archiving Data
  • 8 RMAN Backup Concepts
    • 8.1 About Consistent and Inconsistent RMAN Backups
      • 8.1.1 About Consistent RMAN Backups
      • 8.1.2 About Inconsistent RMAN Backups
    • 8.2 About Online Backups and Backup Mode
    • 8.3 About Backup Sets
      • 8.3.1 About Backup Sets and Backup Pieces
      • 8.3.2 About RMAN Block Compression for Backup Sets
        • 8.3.2.1 About Unused Block Compression
        • 8.3.2.2 About Null Block Compression
      • 8.3.3 About Binary Compression for RMAN Backup Sets
      • 8.3.4 About RMAN Backup Undo Optimization
      • 8.3.5 About Encryption for RMAN Backup Sets
      • 8.3.6 About File Names for RMAN Backup Pieces
      • 8.3.7 About Number and Size of RMAN Backup Pieces
      • 8.3.8 About Number and Size of RMAN Backup Sets
      • 8.3.9 About Multiplexed RMAN Backup Sets
      • 8.3.10 About RMAN Proxy Copies
    • 8.4 About RMAN Image Copies
      • 8.4.1 About RMAN-Created Image Copies
      • 8.4.2 About User-Managed Image Copies
    • 8.5 About Sparse Backups
    • 8.6 About Preplugin Backups
    • 8.7 About Multiple Copies of RMAN Backups
      • 8.7.1 About Duplexed Backup Sets
      • 8.7.2 About Backups of RMAN Backups
        • 8.7.2.1 Backups of Backup Sets
        • 8.7.2.2 Backups of Image Copies
    • 8.8 About RMAN Control File and Server Parameter File Autobackups
      • 8.8.1 When RMAN Performs Control File Autobackups
      • 8.8.2 How RMAN Performs Control File Autobackups
    • 8.9 About RMAN Incremental Backups
      • 8.9.1 About Multilevel Incremental Backups
        • 8.9.1.1 About Differential Incremental Backups
        • 8.9.1.2 About Cumulative Incremental Backups
      • 8.9.2 About Block Change Tracking
      • 8.9.3 About the Incremental Backup Algorithm
      • 8.9.4 About Recovery with Incremental Backups
      • 8.9.5 About the Incremental-Forever Backup Strategy for Recovery Appliance
    • 8.10 About Backup Retention Policies
      • 8.10.1 About the Recovery Window
      • 8.10.2 About Backup Redundancy
      • 8.10.3 About Batch Deletes of Obsolete Backups
      • 8.10.4 About Backup Retention Policy and Fast Recovery Area Deletion Rules
  • 9 Backing Up the Database
    • 9.1 Overview of RMAN Backups
      • 9.1.1 Purpose of RMAN Backups
      • 9.1.2 Basic Concepts of RMAN Backups
    • 9.2 Specifying Backup Output Options
      • 9.2.1 Specifying the Device Type for an RMAN Backup
      • 9.2.2 Specifying Backup Set or Copy for an RMAN Backup to Disk
      • 9.2.3 Specifying a Format for RMAN Backups
        • 9.2.3.1 Specifying Multiple Formats for Disk Backups
      • 9.2.4 Specifying Tags for an RMAN Backup
        • 9.2.4.1 About Backup Tags
        • 9.2.4.2 Specifying Tags for Backup Sets and Image Copies
      • 9.2.5 Making Compressed Backups
      • 9.2.6 Specifying Multisection Incremental Backups
      • 9.2.7 Making Multisection Backups Using Image Copies
    • 9.3 Backing Up Database Files with RMAN
      • 9.3.1 Backing Up a Whole Database with RMAN
      • 9.3.2 Backing Up Tablespaces and Data Files with RMAN
      • 9.3.3 Backing Up Control Files with RMAN
        • 9.3.3.1 About Manual Backups of the Control File
        • 9.3.3.2 Making a Manual Backup of the Control File
      • 9.3.4 Backing Up Server Parameter Files with RMAN
      • 9.3.5 Backing Up a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
      • 9.3.6 Creating a Preplugin Backup of the Whole Database
    • 9.4 Backing Up CDBs and PDBs
      • 9.4.1 About Backing Up CDBs and PDBs
      • 9.4.2 Backing Up a Whole CDB
      • 9.4.3 Backing Up the Root with RMAN
      • 9.4.4 Backing Up the Root with Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
      • 9.4.5 Backing Up PDBs with RMAN
      • 9.4.6 Creating Preplugin Backups of PDBs Using RMAN
      • 9.4.7 Backing Up PDBs with Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
      • 9.4.8 Backing Up Tablespaces and Data Files in a PDB
      • 9.4.9 Example: Creating a Preplugin Backup of a PDB with RMAN
    • 9.5 Backing Up Application Containers
      • 9.5.1 About Backing Up Application Containers
      • 9.5.2 Backing Up the Application Root
      • 9.5.3 Backing Up the Application Root and its Application PDBs
      • 9.5.4 Backing Up Application PDBs
    • 9.6 Backing Up Sparse Databases with RMAN
      • 9.6.1 Backing Up a Sparse Database with RMAN
      • 9.6.2 Backing Up Sparse Tablespaces and Data Files with RMAN
      • 9.6.3 Backing Up a Sparse CDB with RMAN
      • 9.6.4 Backing Up a Sparse PDB with RMAN
    • 9.7 Backing Up Archived Redo Logs with RMAN
      • 9.7.1 About Backups of Archived Redo Logs for non-CDBs
        • 9.7.1.1 About Archived Redo Log Failover
        • 9.7.1.2 About Online Redo Log Switching
      • 9.7.2 About Backup of Archived Redo Logs in CDBs
      • 9.7.3 Backing Up Archived Redo Log Files in non-CDBs
      • 9.7.4 Backing Up Only Archived Redo Logs That Need Backups
      • 9.7.5 Backing Up Archived Redo Logs in CDBs
      • 9.7.6 Deleting Archived Redo Logs After Backups in non-CDBs
      • 9.7.7 Deleting Archived Redo Logs After Backups in CDBs
    • 9.8 Making and Updating RMAN Incremental Backups
      • 9.8.1 Purpose of RMAN Incremental Backups
      • 9.8.2 Planning an Incremental Backup Strategy
      • 9.8.3 Making Incremental Backups
        • 9.8.3.1 Making Incremental Backups of a VSS Snapshot
      • 9.8.4 Incrementally Updating Backups
        • 9.8.4.1 Incrementally Updating Backups: Basic Example
        • 9.8.4.2 Incrementally Updated Backups: Advanced Example
      • 9.8.5 Creating a Base Backup of New Data Files
      • 9.8.6 Using Block Change Tracking to Improve Incremental Backup Performance
        • 9.8.6.1 About Block Change Tracking
          • 9.8.6.1.1 About Space Management in the Block Change Tracking File
          • 9.8.6.1.2 Location of the Block Change Tracking File
          • 9.8.6.1.3 About the Size of the Block Change Tracking File
        • 9.8.6.2 Enabling Block Change Tracking
        • 9.8.6.3 Disabling Block Change Tracking
        • 9.8.6.4 Checking Whether Change Tracking Is Enabled
        • 9.8.6.5 Changing the Location of the Block Change Tracking File
    • 9.9 Making Database Backups for Long-Term Storage
      • 9.9.1 Purpose of Archival Backups
      • 9.9.2 Basic Concepts of Archival Backups
      • 9.9.3 Making an Archival Backup for Long-Term Storage
        • 9.9.3.1 Making an Archival Backup
      • 9.9.4 Making a Temporary Archival Backup
    • 9.10 Backing Up RMAN Backups
      • 9.10.1 About Backups of RMAN Backups
        • 9.10.1.1 About Multiple Copies of RMAN Backup Sets
        • 9.10.1.2 Viewing the Effect of a Backup Retention Policy on Backups of Backups
      • 9.10.2 Backing Up Backup Sets with RMAN
      • 9.10.3 Backing Up Image Copy Backups with RMAN
  • 10 Backing Up the Database: Advanced Topics
    • 10.1 Limiting the Size of RMAN Backup Sets
      • 10.1.1 About Backup Set Size
      • 10.1.2 Limiting the Size of Backup Sets with BACKUP ... MAXSETSIZE
      • 10.1.3 Dividing the Backup of a Large Data File into Sections
    • 10.2 Using Backup Optimization to Skip Files
      • 10.2.1 Optimizing a Daily Archived Log Backup to a Single Tape: Scenario
      • 10.2.2 Optimizing a Daily Archived Log Backup to Multiple Media Families: Scenario
      • 10.2.3 Creating a Weekly Secondary Backup of Archived Logs: Example
    • 10.3 Skipping Offline, Read-Only, and Inaccessible Files
    • 10.4 Duplexing Backup Sets
      • 10.4.1 Duplexing Backup Sets with CONFIGURE BACKUP COPIES
      • 10.4.2 Duplexing Backup Sets with BACKUP ... COPIES
    • 10.5 Making Split Mirror Backups with RMAN
    • 10.6 Encrypting RMAN Backups
      • 10.6.1 About RMAN Backup Encryption Settings
      • 10.6.2 Making Transparent-Mode Encrypted Backups
      • 10.6.3 Making Password-Mode Encrypted Backups
      • 10.6.4 Making Dual-Mode Encrypted Backups
    • 10.7 Restarting RMAN Backups
      • 10.7.1 About Restartable Backups
      • 10.7.2 Restarting a Backup After It Partially Completes
    • 10.8 Managing Backup Windows
      • 10.8.1 About Backup Windows
      • 10.8.2 Specifying a Backup Duration
      • 10.8.3 Permitting Partial Backups in a Backup Window
      • 10.8.4 Minimizing Backup Load and Duration
• Part IV Managing RMAN Backups
  • 11 Reporting on RMAN Operations
    • 11.1 Overview of RMAN Reporting
      • 11.1.1 Purpose of RMAN Reporting
      • 11.1.2 Basic Concepts of RMAN Reporting
      • 11.1.3 Reporting in a Data Guard Environment
    • 11.2 Listing Backups and Recovery-Related Objects
      • 11.2.1 About the LIST Command
      • 11.2.2 Listing All Backups and Copies
      • 11.2.3 Listing Selected Backups and Copies
      • 11.2.4 Listing Preplugin Backups
      • 11.2.5 Listing Database Incarnations
    • 11.3 Reporting on Backups and Database Schema
      • 11.3.1 About Reports of RMAN Backups
      • 11.3.2 Reporting on Files Needing a Backup Under a Retention Policy
        • 11.3.2.1 Using RMAN REPORT NEED BACKUP with Different Retention Policies
        • 11.3.2.2 Using RMAN REPORT NEED BACKUP with Tablespaces and Data Files
        • 11.3.2.3 Using REPORT NEED BACKUP with Backups on Tape or Disk Only
      • 11.3.3 Reporting on Data Files Affected by Unrecoverable Operations
      • 11.3.4 Reporting on Obsolete Backups
      • 11.3.5 Reporting on the Database Schema
    • 11.4 Reporting in CDBs and PDBs
      • 11.4.1 Reporting in CDBs
      • 11.4.2 Reporting in PDBs
        • 11.4.2.1 Listing Backups of Dropped PDBs
    • 11.5 Using V$ Views to Query Backup Metadata
      • 11.5.1 Querying Details of Past and Current RMAN Jobs
      • 11.5.2 Determining the Encryption Status of Backup Pieces
    • 11.6 Querying Recovery Catalog Views
      • 11.6.1 About Recovery Catalog Views
        • 11.6.1.1 About Unique Identifiers for Registered Databases
        • 11.6.1.2 About Unique Identifiers in a Data Guard Environment
      • 11.6.2 Querying Catalog Views for the Target DB_KEY or DBID Values
      • 11.6.3 Querying RC_BACKUP_FILES
  • 12 Maintaining RMAN Backups and Repository Records
    • 12.1 Overview of RMAN Backup and Repository Maintenance
      • 12.1.1 Purpose of Backup and Repository Maintenance
      • 12.1.2 Basic Concepts of Backup and Repository Maintenance
        • 12.1.2.1 About Maintenance Commands and RMAN Repository Metadata
        • 12.1.2.2 About Maintenance Commands in a Data Guard Environment
          • 12.1.2.2.1 About Crosschecks in a Data Guard Environment
          • 12.1.2.2.2 About Deletion in a Data Guard Environment
          • 12.1.2.2.3 About Updates to RMAN Metadata in a Data Guard Environment
          • 12.1.2.2.4 About Files Not Associated with a Database
    • 12.2 Maintaining the Control File Repository
      • 12.2.1 About Control File Records
        • 12.2.1.1 About Fast Recovery Area and Control File Records
      • 12.2.2 Preventing the Loss of Control File Records
      • 12.2.3 Protecting the Control File
    • 12.3 Maintaining the Fast Recovery Area
      • 12.3.1 Deletion Rules for the Fast Recovery Area
      • 12.3.2 Monitoring Fast Recovery Area Space Usage
      • 12.3.3 Managing Space for Flashback Logs in the Fast Recovery Area
      • 12.3.4 Responding to a Full Fast Recovery Area
      • 12.3.5 Changing the Fast Recovery Area to a New Location
      • 12.3.6 Disabling the Fast Recovery Area
      • 12.3.7 Responding to an Instance Crash During File Creation
    • 12.4 Updating the RMAN Repository
      • 12.4.1 Crosschecking the RMAN Repository
        • 12.4.1.1 About RMAN Crosschecks
        • 12.4.1.2 Crosschecking All Backups and Copies
        • 12.4.1.3 Crosschecking Specific Backup Sets and Copies
        • 12.4.1.4 Crosschecking Preplugin Backups
      • 12.4.2 Changing the Repository Status of Backups and Copies
        • 12.4.2.1 Updating a Backup to Status AVAILABLE or UNAVAILABLE
        • 12.4.2.2 Changing the Status of an Archival Backup
        • 12.4.2.3 Changing the Status of Backups for Dropped PDBs
        • 12.4.2.4 Changing the Status of Preplugin Backups
      • 12.4.3 Adding Backup Records to the RMAN Repository
        • 12.4.3.1 About Cataloging Operations
        • 12.4.3.2 Cataloging User-Managed Data File Copies
        • 12.4.3.3 Cataloging Backup Pieces
        • 12.4.3.4 Cataloging All Files in a Disk Location
        • 12.4.3.5 Cataloging Preplugin Archived Redo Logs
      • 12.4.4 Removing Records from the RMAN Repository
        • 12.4.4.1 About Uncataloging Operations in the RMAN Repository
        • 12.4.4.2 Removing Records for Files Deleted with Operating System Utilities
    • 12.5 Deleting RMAN Backups and Archived Redo Logs
      • 12.5.1 Overview of Deleting RMAN Backups
        • 12.5.1.1 About RMAN Deletion Commands
        • 12.5.1.2 About Deletion of Archived Redo Logs
      • 12.5.2 Deleting All Backups and Copies
      • 12.5.3 Deleting Specified Backups and Copies
        • 12.5.3.1 Deleting Specified Files with BACKUP ... DELETE
      • 12.5.4 Deleting Expired RMAN Backups and Copies
      • 12.5.5 Deleting Obsolete RMAN Backups Based on Retention Policies
        • 12.5.5.1 DELETE OBSOLETE Behavior When KEEP UNTIL TIME Expires
      • 12.5.6 Deleting Backups of Dropped PDBs
      • 12.5.7 Deleting Preplugin Backups
    • 12.6 Dropping a Database
  • 13 Managing a Recovery Catalog
    • 13.1 Overview of the RMAN Recovery Catalog
      • 13.1.1 Purpose of the RMAN Recovery Catalog
      • 13.1.2 Basic Concepts for the RMAN Recovery Catalog
        • 13.1.2.1 About Database Registration in an RMAN Recovery Catalog
        • 13.1.2.2 About Centralization of Metadata in a Base RMAN Recovery Catalog
        • 13.1.2.3 About RMAN Recovery Catalog Resynchronization
        • 13.1.2.4 About Stored Scripts
        • 13.1.2.5 Recovery Catalog in a Data Guard Environment
      • 13.1.3 Basic Steps of Managing a Recovery Catalog
    • 13.2 Creating a Recovery Catalog
      • 13.2.1 Configuring the Recovery Catalog Database
        • 13.2.1.1 Planning the Size of the Recovery Catalog Schema
        • 13.2.1.2 Allocating Disk Space for the Recovery Catalog Database
      • 13.2.2 Creating the Recovery Catalog Schema Owner
      • 13.2.3 Running the CREATE CATALOG Command
    • 13.3 Registering a Database in the Recovery Catalog
      • 13.3.1 About Registration of a Database in the Recovery Catalog
        • 13.3.1.1 About Standby Database Registration
      • 13.3.2 Registering a Database with the REGISTER DATABASE Command
    • 13.4 Cataloging Backups in the Recovery Catalog
    • 13.5 Creating and Managing Virtual Private Catalogs
      • 13.5.1 Overview of Virtual Private Catalogs
      • 13.5.2 About Using the VPD Model for Virtual Private Catalogs
      • 13.5.3 Creating Virtual Private Catalogs
      • 13.5.4 Registering a Database with a Virtual Private Catalog
      • 13.5.5 Revoking Privileges from a Virtual Private Catalog Owner
      • 13.5.6 Upgrading Virtual Private Catalogs
    • 13.6 Protecting the Recovery Catalog
      • 13.6.1 Backing Up the Recovery Catalog
        • 13.6.1.1 Backing Up the Recovery Catalog Frequently
        • 13.6.1.2 Choosing the Appropriate Technique for Physical Backups
        • 13.6.1.3 Separating the Recovery Catalog from the Target Database
        • 13.6.1.4 Exporting the Recovery Catalog Data for Logical Backups
      • 13.6.2 Recovering the Recovery Catalog
    • 13.7 Managing Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.1 About Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.2 Creating Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.3 Replacing Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.4 Running Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.5 Creating and Executing Dynamic Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.6 Printing Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.7 Listing Stored Script Names
      • 13.7.8 Deleting Stored Scripts
      • 13.7.9 Running a Stored Script at RMAN Startup
    • 13.8 Maintaining a Recovery Catalog
      • 13.8.1 About Recovery Catalog Maintenance
      • 13.8.2 Resynchronizing the Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.2.1 About Resynchronization of the Recovery Catalog
          • 13.8.2.1.1 About RMAN Recovery Catalog Resynchronization in a Data Guard Environment
        • 13.8.2.2 Deciding When to Resynchronize the Recovery Catalog
          • 13.8.2.2.1 Resynchronizing After the Recovery Catalog is Unavailable
          • 13.8.2.2.2 Resynchronizing in ARCHIVELOG Mode When You Back Up Infrequently
          • 13.8.2.2.3 Resynchronizing After Configuring a Standby Database
          • 13.8.2.2.4 Resynchronizing the Recovery Catalog Before Control File Records Age Out
        • 13.8.2.3 Manually Resynchronizing the Recovery Catalog
      • 13.8.3 Updating the Recovery Catalog After Changing a DB_UNIQUE_NAME
      • 13.8.4 Unregistering a Target Database from the Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.4.1 Unregistering a Target Database When Not in a Data Guard Environment
        • 13.8.4.2 Unregistering a Standby Database
        • 13.8.4.3 Unregistering a Target Database in a Recovery Appliance Environment
      • 13.8.5 Resetting the Database Incarnation in the Recovery Catalog
      • 13.8.6 Upgrading the Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.6.1 About Recovery Catalog Upgrades
          • 13.8.6.1.1 Special Considerations for Upgrading the Recovery Catalog in a Data Guard Environment
        • 13.8.6.2 Determining the Schema Version of the Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.6.3 Using the UPGRADE CATALOG Command
      • 13.8.7 Importing and Moving a Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.7.1 About Recovery Catalog Imports
        • 13.8.7.2 About Importing Recovery Catalogs in a Recovery Appliance Environment
        • 13.8.7.3 Prerequisites for Importing a Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.7.4 Importing a Recovery Catalog
        • 13.8.7.5 Moving a Recovery Catalog
    • 13.9 Dropping a Recovery Catalog
• Part V Diagnosing and Responding to Failures
  • 14 RMAN Data Repair Concepts
    • 14.1 Overview of RMAN Data Repair
      • 14.1.1 About Problems Requiring Data Repair
        • 14.1.1.1 About User Errors
        • 14.1.1.2 About Application Errors
        • 14.1.1.3 About Media Failures
      • 14.1.2 About RMAN Data Repair Techniques
    • 14.2 About RMAN Restore Operations
      • 14.2.1 About RMAN Backup Selection
      • 14.2.2 About RMAN Restore Failover
      • 14.2.3 About RMAN Restore of Encrypted Backups
      • 14.2.4 About RMAN Restore Operations and ASM
      • 14.2.5 About RMAN Restore Optimization
    • 14.3 About RMAN Media Recovery
      • 14.3.1 About Selection of Incremental Backups and Archived Redo Logs
      • 14.3.2 About Database Incarnations
        • 14.3.2.1 About RMAN OPEN RESETLOGS Operations
        • 14.3.2.2 Relationship Among Database Incarnations
        • 14.3.2.3 About Incarnations of PDBs
        • 14.3.2.4 About Orphaned Backups
        • 14.3.2.5 About Orphaned PDB Backups
  • 15 Diagnosing and Repairing Failures with Data Recovery Advisor
    • 15.1 Overview of Data Recovery Advisor
      • 15.1.1 Purpose of Data Recovery Advisor
      • 15.1.2 Basic Concepts of Data Recovery Advisor
        • 15.1.2.1 User Interfaces to Data Recovery Advisor
        • 15.1.2.2 About Data Integrity Checks
        • 15.1.2.3 About Failures
          • 15.1.2.3.1 About the Failure Status
          • 15.1.2.3.2 About Failure Priority
          • 15.1.2.3.3 About Failure Grouping
        • 15.1.2.4 About Manual Actions and Automatic Repair Options
          • 15.1.2.4.1 About Consolidated Repairs
          • 15.1.2.4.2 About Repair Scripts
        • 15.1.2.5 About Supported Database Configurations for Data Recovery Advisor
          • 15.1.2.5.1 About Data Recovery Advisor and Oracle Real Application Clusters
          • 15.1.2.5.2 About Data Recovery Advisor and Oracle Data Guard
          • 15.1.2.5.3 About Data Recovery Advisor and CDBs
      • 15.1.3 Basic Steps of Diagnosing and Repairing Failures
      • 15.1.4 Diagnosing and Repairing Failures in CDBs
    • 15.2 Listing Failures
      • 15.2.1 Listing All Failures
      • 15.2.2 Listing a Subset of Failures
    • 15.3 Checking for Block Corruptions by Validating the Database
    • 15.4 Determining Repair Options
      • 15.4.1 Determining Repair Options for All Failures
      • 15.4.2 Determining Repair Options for a Subset of Failures
    • 15.5 Repairing Failures
      • 15.5.1 About Repairing Failures
      • 15.5.2 Repairing a Failure
    • 15.6 Changing Failure Status and Priority
  • 16 Validating Database Files and Backups
    • 16.1 Overview of RMAN Validation
      • 16.1.1 Purpose of RMAN Validation
      • 16.1.2 Basic Concepts of RMAN Validation
        • 16.1.2.1 About Checksums and Corrupt Blocks
        • 16.1.2.2 About Physical and Logical Block Corruption
        • 16.1.2.3 About Limits for Corrupt Blocks in RMAN Backups
        • 16.1.2.4 About Detecting Block Corruption
    • 16.2 Checking for Block Corruption with the VALIDATE Command
    • 16.3 Validating Database Files with BACKUP VALIDATE
    • 16.4 Validating Backups Before Restoring Them
    • 16.5 Validating CDBs and PDBs
      • 16.5.1 Validating a Whole CDB
      • 16.5.2 Validating PDBs
  • 17 Performing Complete Database Recovery
    • 17.1 Overview of Complete Database Recovery
      • 17.1.1 Purpose of Complete Database Recovery
      • 17.1.2 Scope of This Chapter
      • 17.1.3 About Real-time Redo Transport for Recovery Appliance
    • 17.2 Preparing for Complete Database Recovery
      • 17.2.1 Identifying the Database Files to Restore or Recover
        • 17.2.1.1 Identifying a Lost Control File
        • 17.2.1.2 Identifying Data Files Requiring Media Recovery
          • 17.2.1.2.1 Identifying Data Files with RMAN
          • 17.2.1.2.2 Identifying Data Files with SQL
      • 17.2.2 Determining the DBID of the Database
      • 17.2.3 Previewing Backups Used in Restore Operations
        • 17.2.3.1 Recalling Off-site Backups
      • 17.2.4 Validating Backups Before Restoring Them
      • 17.2.5 Restoring Archived Redo Logs Needed for Recovery
        • 17.2.5.1 Restoring Archived Redo Logs to a New Location
        • 17.2.5.2 Restoring Archived Redo Logs to Multiple Locations
      • 17.2.6 Providing the Password Required to Decrypt Encrypted Backups
    • 17.3 Performing Complete Database Recovery
      • 17.3.1 About Complete Database Recovery
        • 17.3.1.1 About Restoring Data Files to a Nondefault Location
      • 17.3.2 Performing Complete Recovery of the Whole Database
      • 17.3.3 Performing Complete Recovery of a Tablespace
      • 17.3.4 Performing Complete Recovery After Switching to a Copy
        • 17.3.4.1 Performing Recovery After Switching to a Data File Copy
        • 17.3.4.2 Performing Complete Recovery After Switching to a Database Copy
    • 17.4 Performing Complete Recovery of CDBs
      • 17.4.1 Performing Complete Recovery of a Whole CDB
      • 17.4.2 Performing Complete Recovery of the Root
      • 17.4.3 Performing Complete Recovery of PDBs with RMAN
      • 17.4.4 Performing Complete Recovery of PDBs with Cloud Control
      • 17.4.5 Performing Complete Recovery Using Preplugin Backups
        • 17.4.5.1 About Complete Recovery of PDBs Using PrePlugin Backups
        • 17.4.5.2 Performing Complete Recovery of PDBs Using Preplugin Backups
        • 17.4.5.3 Example: Performing Complete Recovery of PDBs Using Preplugin Backups
      • 17.4.6 Performing Complete Recovery of Tablespaces or Data Files in a PDB with RMAN
      • 17.4.7 Performing Complete Recovery of Tablespaces in a PDB with Cloud Control
      • 17.4.8 Performing Complete Recovering of CDBs After Switching to a Copy
    • 17.5 Performing Complete Recovery of Application Containers
      • 17.5.1 Performing Complete Recovery of the Application Root
      • 17.5.2 Performing Complete Recovery of the Application Root and Application PDBs
      • 17.5.3 Performing Complete Recovery of Application PDBs
    • 17.6 Performing Complete Recovery of Sparse Databases with RMAN
      • 17.6.1 Performing Complete Recovery of a Sparse Database
      • 17.6.2 Performing Complete Recovery of a Sparse CDB
      • 17.6.3 Performing Recovery of a Sparse PDB with RMAN
  • 18 Performing Flashback and Database Point-in-Time Recovery
    • 18.1 Overview of Oracle Flashback Technology and Database Point-in-Time Recovery
      • 18.1.1 Purpose of Flashback and Database Point-in-Time Recovery
      • 18.1.2 About Point-in-Time Recovery and Flashback Features
        • 18.1.2.1 About Flashback Database and PITR for PDBs
      • 18.1.3 Basic Concepts of Database Point-in-Time Recovery
        • 18.1.3.1 Basic Concepts of Point-in-Time Recovery for PDBs
      • 18.1.4 Basic Concepts of Flashback Technology
        • 18.1.4.1 About Physical Flashback Features Useful in Backup and Recovery
        • 18.1.4.2 About Logical Flashback Features Useful in Backup and Recovery
        • 18.1.4.3 Basic Concepts of Performing Flashback Database for CDBs and PDBs
        • 18.1.4.4 About Undo and Flashback Database Operations for PDBs
      • 18.1.5 About Managing Redo Corruption in CDBs
    • 18.2 Rewinding a Table with Flashback Table
      • 18.2.1 Prerequisites for Flashback Table
      • 18.2.2 Performing a Flashback Table Operation
        • 18.2.2.1 Keeping Triggers Enabled During Flashback Table
    • 18.3 Rewinding a DROP TABLE Operation with Flashback Drop
      • 18.3.1 About Flashback Drop
      • 18.3.2 Prerequisites of Flashback Drop
      • 18.3.3 Performing a Flashback Drop Operation
        • 18.3.3.1 Retrieving Objects Using Flashback Drop When Multiple Objects Share the Same Original Name
    • 18.4 Rewinding a Database with Flashback Database
      • 18.4.1 Prerequisites of Flashback Database
      • 18.4.2 Performing a Flashback Database Operation
      • 18.4.3 Performing a Flashback Database Operation for a Whole CDB
      • 18.4.4 Performing a Flashback Database Operation for PDBs
      • 18.4.5 Monitoring Flashback Database
    • 18.5 Performing Database Point-in-Time Recovery
      • 18.5.1 Prerequisites of Database Point-in-Time Recovery
      • 18.5.2 Performing Database Point-in-Time Recovery
      • 18.5.3 Performing Point-in-Time Recovery of CDBs and PDBs
        • 18.5.3.1 Performing Point-in-Time Recovery of a Whole CDB
        • 18.5.3.2 Performing Point-in-Time Recovery of PDBs
        • 18.5.3.3 Recovering a Dropped PDB
      • 18.5.4 Performing Point-in-Time Recovery of Application PDBs
      • 18.5.5 Performing Point-in-Time Recovery of Sparse Databases
    • 18.6 Flashback and Database Point-in-Time Recovery Scenarios
      • 18.6.1 Rewinding an OPEN RESETLOGS Operation with Flashback Database
        • 18.6.1.1 About Undoing an OPEN RESETLOGS on Standby Databases with Flashback Database
      • 18.6.2 Rewinding the Database to an SCN in an Abandoned Incarnation Branch
      • 18.6.3 Recovering the Database to an Ancestor Incarnation
  • 19 Performing Block Media Recovery
    • 19.1 Overview of Block Media Recovery
      • 19.1.1 Purpose of Block Media Recovery
      • 19.1.2 Basic Concepts of Block Media Recovery
        • 19.1.2.1 About Block Recovery and Standby Databases
        • 19.1.2.2 About Identifying Corrupt Blocks
        • 19.1.2.3 About Missing Redo During Block Recovery
    • 19.2 Prerequisites for Block Media Recovery
    • 19.3 Recovering Individual Blocks
      • 19.3.1 Recovering Individual Blocks Using the RECOVER...BLOCK Command
      • 19.3.2 Example: Recovering Individual Blocks Using the Data Recovery Advisor
    • 19.4 Recovering All Blocks in V$DATABASE_BLOCK_CORRUPTION
  • 20 Performing RMAN Recovery: Advanced Scenarios
    • 20.1 Recovering a NOARCHIVELOG Database with Incremental Backups
    • 20.2 Restoring the Server Parameter File
      • 20.2.1 Restoring the Server Parameter File from a Control File Autobackup
      • 20.2.2 Creating an Initialization Parameter File with RMAN
    • 20.3 Performing Recovery with a Backup Control File
      • 20.3.1 About Recovery with a Backup Control File
        • 20.3.1.1 About Control File Locations During RMAN Restore
        • 20.3.1.2 About RMAN Recovery With and Without a Recovery Catalog
        • 20.3.1.3 About RMAN Recovery When Using a Fast Recovery Area
      • 20.3.2 Performing Recovery with a Backup Control File and No Recovery Catalog
    • 20.4 Performing Disaster Recovery
      • 20.4.1 Prerequisites of Disaster Recovery
      • 20.4.2 Recovering the Database After a Disaster
    • 20.5 Restoring a Database on a New Host
      • 20.5.1 Preparing to Restore a Database on a New Host
      • 20.5.2 Restoring Disk Backups to a New Host
      • 20.5.3 Testing the Restore of a Database on a New Host
    • 20.6 Restoring Backups Created Using Older Versions of RMAN
    • 20.7 Restoring and Recovering Files Over the Network
      • 20.7.1 About Restoring Files Over the Network
      • 20.7.2 About Recovering Files Over the Network
      • 20.7.3 Scenarios for Restoring and Recovering Files Over the Network
      • 20.7.4 Restoring Data Files Over the Network
      • 20.7.5 Rolling Forward a Physical Standby Database Using the RECOVER Command
        • 20.7.5.1 Steps to Refresh a Physical Standby Database with Changes Made to the Primary Database
  • 21 Performing RMAN Tablespace Point-in-Time Recovery (TSPITR)
    • 21.1 Overview of RMAN TSPITR
      • 21.1.1 Purpose of RMAN TSPITR
      • 21.1.2 Basic Concepts of RMAN TSPITR
        • 21.1.2.1 Common Terms for RMAN TSPITR
        • 21.1.2.2 Modes of RMAN TSPITR
        • 21.1.2.3 How RMAN TSPITR Works With an RMAN-Managed Auxiliary Database
    • 21.2 TSPITR Restrictions, Special Cases, and Limitations
      • 21.2.1 Limitations of TSPITR
      • 21.2.2 About Special Considerations When Not Using a Recovery Catalog
    • 21.3 Planning and Preparing for TSPITR
      • 21.3.1 Selecting the Right Target Time for TSPITR
      • 21.3.2 Determining the Recovery Set
        • 21.3.2.1 Identify and Resolve Dependencies on the Primary Database
      • 21.3.3 Identifying and Preserving Objects That Are Lost After TSPITR
    • 21.4 Performing Fully Automated RMAN TSPITR
    • 21.5 Overriding Defaults for RMAN TSPITR with an RMAN-Managed Auxiliary Database
      • 21.5.1 Renaming TSPITR Recovery Set Data Files with SET NEWNAME
      • 21.5.2 Naming TSPITR Auxiliary Set Data Files
        • 21.5.2.1 Considerations When Renaming OMF Auxiliary Set Files in TSPITR
          • 21.5.2.1.1 Using ASM Storage
          • 21.5.2.1.2 Using Non-ASM Storage
        • 21.5.2.2 Using SET NEWNAME to Name Auxiliary Set Data Files During TSPITR
        • 21.5.2.3 Using DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT to Name Auxiliary Set Data Files During TSPITR
          • 21.5.2.3.1 Renaming Temp Files During TSPITR
      • 21.5.3 Using Image Copies for Faster RMAN TSPITR Performance
        • 21.5.3.1 Using SET NEWNAME with Recovery Set Image Copies
        • 21.5.3.2 Using SET NEWNAME and CONFIGURE AUXNAME with Auxiliary Set Image Copies
        • 21.5.3.3 Performing TSPITR with CONFIGURE AUXNAME and Image Copies: Scenario
      • 21.5.4 Customizing Initialization Parameters for the Automatic Auxiliary Database in TSPITR
        • 21.5.4.1 Specifying the Auxiliary Database Control File Location in TSPITR
        • 21.5.4.2 Specifying the Auxiliary Database Archived Logs in TSPITR
        • 21.5.4.3 Specifying the Auxiliary Database Online Log Location in TSPITR
    • 21.6 Performing RMAN TSPITR Using Your Own Auxiliary Database
      • 21.6.1 Preparing Your Own Auxiliary Database for RMAN TSPITR
        • 21.6.1.1 Step 1: Create an Oracle Password File for the Auxiliary Database
        • 21.6.1.2 Step 2: Create an Initialization Parameter File for the Auxiliary Database
        • 21.6.1.3 Step 3: Check Oracle Net Connectivity to the Auxiliary Database
      • 21.6.2 Preparing RMAN Commands for TSPITR with Your Own Auxiliary Database
        • 21.6.2.1 Planning Channels for TSPITR with Your Own Auxiliary Database
        • 21.6.2.2 Planning Data File Names with Your Own Auxiliary Database: SET NEWNAME
      • 21.6.3 Executing TSPITR with Your Own Auxiliary Database
        • 21.6.3.1 Step 1: Start the Auxiliary Database in NOMOUNT Mode
        • 21.6.3.2 Step 2: Connect the RMAN Client to Target and Auxiliary Databases
        • 21.6.3.3 Step 3: Execute the RECOVER TABLESPACE Command
      • 21.6.4 Performing TSPITR with Your Own Auxiliary Database: Scenario
    • 21.7 Troubleshooting RMAN TSPITR
      • 21.7.1 Troubleshooting File Name Conflicts During TSPITR
      • 21.7.2 Troubleshooting the Identification of Tablespaces with Undo Segments During TSPITR
      • 21.7.3 Troubleshooting the Restart of a Manual Auxiliary Database After TSPITR Failure
  • 22 Recovering Tables and Table Partitions
    • 22.1 Overview of Recovering Tables and Table Partitions
      • 22.1.1 Purpose of Recovering Tables and Table Partitions from RMAN Backups
      • 22.1.2 RMAN Backups Required to Recover Tables and Table Partitions
      • 22.1.3 Basic Concepts of Recovering Tables and Table Partitions from RMAN Backups
        • 22.1.3.1 Steps Performed By RMAN to Recover Tables and Table Partitions
        • 22.1.3.2 About the Location of Auxiliary Database Files During RMAN Table Recovery
        • 22.1.3.3 About the Data Pump Export Dump File Used During RMAN Table Recovery
        • 22.1.3.4 About Importing Recovered Tables and Table Partitions into the Target Database
        • 22.1.3.5 Rename the Recovered Tables and Table Partitions
        • 22.1.3.6 About Recovering Tables and Partitions Into a New Schema
      • 22.1.4 Limitations of Recovering Tables and Table Partitions from RMAN Backups
    • 22.2 Preparing to Recover Tables and Table Partitions
      • 22.2.1 Prerequisites for Recovering Tables and Table Partitions from RMAN Backups
      • 22.2.2 Determining the Point-in-time to Which Tables and Table Partitions Must be Recovered
    • 22.3 Recovering Tables and Table Partitions
    • 22.4 Recovering Tables and Table Partitions in PDBs
    • 22.5 Examples: Recovering Tables and Table Partitions From RMAN Backups
      • 22.5.1 Example: Recovering Tables to a Specified Point in Time
      • 22.5.2 Example: Recovering Table Partitions to a Specified Log Sequence Number
      • 22.5.3 Example: Recovering a Table into a New Schema
• Part VI Tuning and Troubleshooting
  • 23 Tuning RMAN Performance
    • 23.1 Purpose of RMAN Performance Tuning
    • 23.2 Basic Concepts of RMAN Performance Tuning
      • 23.2.1 Read Phase
        • 23.2.1.1 Allocation of Input Disk Buffers
        • 23.2.1.2 Synchronous and Asynchronous Disk I/O
        • 23.2.1.3 Disk I/O Slaves
        • 23.2.1.4 RATE Channel Parameter
      • 23.2.2 Copy Phase
      • 23.2.3 Write Phase for System Backup Tape (SBT)
        • 23.2.3.1 RMAN Component of the Write Phase for SBT
          • 23.2.3.1.1 Allocation of Tape Buffers
          • 23.2.3.1.2 Tape I/O Slaves
          • 23.2.3.1.3 Synchronous and Asynchronous I/O
        • 23.2.3.2 Media Manager Component of the Write Phase for SBT
          • 23.2.3.2.1 Network Throughput
          • 23.2.3.2.2 Native Transfer Rate
          • 23.2.3.2.3 Tape Compression
          • 23.2.3.2.4 Tape Streaming
          • 23.2.3.2.5 Physical Tape Block Size
      • 23.2.4 Write Phase for Disk
    • 23.3 Using V$ Views to Diagnose RMAN Performance Problems
      • 23.3.1 Monitoring RMAN Job Progress with V$SESSION_LONGOPS
      • 23.3.2 Identifying Bottlenecks with V$BACKUP_SYNC_IO and V$BACKUP_ASYNC_IO
        • 23.3.2.1 Identifying Bottlenecks with Synchronous I/O
        • 23.3.2.2 Identifying Bottlenecks with Asynchronous I/O
    • 23.4 Tuning RMAN Backup Performance
      • 23.4.1 Removing the RATE Parameter from Channel Settings
      • 23.4.2 Setting DBWR_IO_SLAVES to Simulate Asynchronous I/O
      • 23.4.3 Setting LARGE_POOL_SIZE to Resolve Shared Memory Issues
      • 23.4.4 Tuning the Read, Write, and Copy Phases
        • 23.4.4.1 Using Backup Validation To Distinguish Between Read and Write Bottlenecks
        • 23.4.4.2 Tuning the Read Phase
        • 23.4.4.3 Tuning the Copy and Write Phases
  • 24 Troubleshooting RMAN Operations
    • 24.1 Interpreting RMAN Message Output
      • 24.1.1 Identifying Types of RMAN Message Output
      • 24.1.2 Troubleshooting Long-Running RMAN Operations
      • 24.1.3 Recognizing RMAN Error Message Stacks
      • 24.1.4 Identifying RMAN Error Codes
        • 24.1.4.1 RMAN Error Message Numbers
        • 24.1.4.2 ORA-19511: Media Manager Errors
      • 24.1.5 Interpreting RMAN Error Stacks
        • 24.1.5.1 Interpreting RMAN Errors: Example
        • 24.1.5.2 Interpreting Server Errors: Example
        • 24.1.5.3 Interpreting SBT 2.0 Media Management Errors: Example
        • 24.1.5.4 Interpreting SBT 1.1 Media Management Errors: Example
      • 24.1.6 Identifying RMAN Return Codes
    • 24.2 Using V$ Views for RMAN Troubleshooting
      • 24.2.1 Monitoring RMAN Interaction with the Media Manager
      • 24.2.2 Correlating Server Sessions with RMAN Channels
        • 24.2.2.1 Matching Server Sessions with Channels When One RMAN Session Is Active
        • 24.2.2.2 Matching Server Sessions with Channels in Multiple RMAN Sessions
          • 24.2.2.2.1 Obtaining the Channel ID from the RMAN Output
          • 24.2.2.2.2 Correlating Server Sessions with Channels by Using SET COMMAND ID
    • 24.3 Testing the Media Management API
      • 24.3.1 Obtaining the sbttest Utility
      • 24.3.2 Obtaining Online Documentation for the sbttest Utility
      • 24.3.3 Using the sbttest Utility
    • 24.4 Terminating an RMAN Command
      • 24.4.1 Terminating the Session with ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION
      • 24.4.2 Terminating the Session at the Operating System Level
      • 24.4.3 Terminating an RMAN Session That Is Not Responding in the Media Manager
        • 24.4.3.1 Components of an RMAN Session
        • 24.4.3.2 Process Behavior During a Suspended Job
        • 24.4.3.3 Terminating an RMAN Session: Basic Steps
• Part VII Transferring Data with RMAN
  • 25 Duplicating Databases
    • 25.1 Overview of RMAN Database Duplication
      • 25.1.1 Purpose of Database Duplication
      • 25.1.2 Basic Concepts of Database Duplication
        • 25.1.2.1 Initialization Parameters for the Auxiliary Instance
        • 25.1.2.2 About Parallelizing Backup Set Creation During Active Database Duplication
        • 25.1.2.3 About Encrypting Backup Sets During Active Database Duplication
        • 25.1.2.4 About Compressing Backup Sets During Active Database Duplication
      • 25.1.3 Types of Database Duplication
        • 25.1.3.1 Overview of Backup-Based Duplication
        • 25.1.3.2 Techniques for Performing Backup-Based Duplication
          • 25.1.3.2.1 Backup-Based Duplication with a Target Connection
          • 25.1.3.2.2 Backup-Based Duplication Without a Target Connection
          • 25.1.3.2.3 Backup-Based Duplication Without a Target Database and Recovery Catalog Connection
        • 25.1.3.3 Overview of Active Database Duplication
        • 25.1.3.4 Techniques for Performing Active Database Duplication
          • 25.1.3.4.1 Active Database Duplication Using Image Copies
          • 25.1.3.4.2 Active Database Duplication Using Backup Sets
        • 25.1.3.5 Factors that Determine Whether Backup Sets or Image Copies Are Used for Active Database Duplication
      • 25.1.4 How RMAN Duplicates a Database
      • 25.1.5 Contents of a Duplicate Database
        • 25.1.5.1 About Duplicating a Subset of the Source Database
      • 25.1.6 About the Destination Host for Database Duplication
      • 25.1.7 About Duplicate Database File Names
      • 25.1.8 About Duplicating a Database to a Past Point-in-Time
      • 25.1.9 Prerequisites for Duplicating a Database
    • 25.2 Planning to Duplicate a Database
      • 25.2.1 Choosing a Duplication Technique
      • 25.2.2 Choosing a Strategy for Naming Duplicate Database Files
        • 25.2.2.1 Using the Same Names for Database Files in the Source Database and Duplicate Database
        • 25.2.2.2 Using Different Names for the Database Files in the Source Database and Duplicate Database
        • 25.2.2.3 Methods of Generating Database File Names for the Duplicate Database
      • 25.2.3 Installing the Oracle Database Software on the Destination Host
      • 25.2.4 Deciding the State of the Duplicate Database
      • 25.2.5 Making Backups Accessible to the Duplicate Instance
        • 25.2.5.1 Making SBT Backups Accessible to the Auxiliary Instance
        • 25.2.5.2 Making Disk Backups Accessible to the Auxiliary Instance
    • 25.3 Preparing the Auxiliary Instance
      • 25.3.1 Creating Directories for the Duplicate Database
      • 25.3.2 Creating an Initialization Parameter File for the Auxiliary Instance
        • 25.3.2.1 Steps to Create an Initialization Parameter File for the Auxiliary Instance
        • 25.3.2.2 Copying the Server Parameter File from the Source Database
      • 25.3.3 Creating a Password File for the Auxiliary Instance
      • 25.3.4 Establishing Oracle Net Connectivity Between the Source Database and Auxiliary Instance
      • 25.3.5 Starting the Auxiliary Instance
      • 25.3.6 Making the Oracle Keystore Available to the Destination Host
    • 25.4 Duplicating a Database
      • 25.4.1 Duplicating the Whole Database
      • 25.4.2 Duplicating a Subset of the Source Database Tablespaces
      • 25.4.3 Duplicating an Oracle RAC Database
      • 25.4.4 Duplicating Sparse Databases
      • 25.4.5 Configuring RMAN Channels for Use in Duplication
        • 25.4.5.1 Configuring Channels for Backup-based Duplication
        • 25.4.5.2 Configuring Channels for Active Database Duplication
      • 25.4.6 Placing the Source Database in a Proper State
      • 25.4.7 Starting RMAN and Connecting to Databases
      • 25.4.8 Using the DUPLICATE Command to Duplicate Databases
    • 25.5 Duplicating CDBs and PDBs
      • 25.5.1 Duplicating CDBs
      • 25.5.2 Duplicating Sparse CDBs
      • 25.5.3 Duplicating PDBs
        • 25.5.3.1 About Duplicating PDBs
        • 25.5.3.2 Restrictions on Duplicating a PDB to an Existing CDB
        • 25.5.3.3 Export and Import Master Keys for a PDB Containing TDE Encrypted Tablespaces
        • 25.5.3.4 Duplicating a PDB to an Existing CDB
        • 25.5.3.5 Duplicating a PDB to a New CDB
        • 25.5.3.6 Duplicating Sparse PDBs
      • 25.5.4 Duplicating Tablespaces Within a PDB to a New CDB
    • 25.6 Duplicating Databases to Oracle Cloud
    • 25.7 Duplicating an Oracle Cloud Database as an On-premise Database
    • 25.8 Restarting DUPLICATE After a Failure
    • 25.9 Examples: Duplicating Databases
      • 25.9.1 Example: Duplicating a Database to a Remote ASM Host by Using Active Database Duplication with Backup Sets
      • 25.9.2 Example: Duplicating a Database to a Remote Host by Using Active Database Duplication with Image Copies
      • 25.9.3 Example: Duplicating a Database to a Remote Host by Using Backup-based Duplication without a Target Connection or Recovery Catalog
      • 25.9.4 Example: Duplicating a Database to a Remote Host by Using Backup-Based Duplication with a Recovery Catalog
      • 25.9.5 Example: Duplicating a Database to a Remote Host by Using Backup-based Duplication with a Target Connection
      • 25.9.6 Example: Duplicating a Database to the Local Host by Using Active Database Duplication
      • 25.9.7 Example: Duplicating PDBs to a New CDB by Using Active Database Duplication
      • 25.9.8 Example: Duplicating a PDB to an Existing CDB by Using Active Duplication
      • 25.9.9 Example: Performing Backup-based Duplication by Using Encrypted Backups
    • 25.10 Example: Script to Duplicate a Database Using Backup-based Duplication
  • 26 Duplicating Databases: Advanced Topics
    • 26.1 Specifying Alternative Names for Duplicate Database Files
      • 26.1.1 Specifying Non-OMF or Non-ASM Alternative Names for Duplicate Database Files
        • 26.1.1.1 Using the SET NEWNAME Command to Name File System Data Files and Temp Files
        • 26.1.1.2 Using the CONFIGURE AUXNAME Command to Name File System Data Files and OMF or ASM Target Data Files
      • 26.1.2 Specifying OMF or ASM Alternative Names for Duplicate Database Files
        • 26.1.2.1 Settings and Restrictions for OMF Initialization Parameters
        • 26.1.2.2 Setting Initialization Parameters for ASM
        • 26.1.2.3 Examples: Duplicating Databases to ASM
        • 26.1.2.4 Using the SET NEWNAME Command to Create OMF or ASM Files
        • 26.1.2.5 Using the DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT Parameter to Generate Names for Non-OMF or ASM Data Files
        • 26.1.2.6 Using the LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT Parameter to Generate Names for Non-OMF or ASM Log Files
    • 26.2 Making Disk Backups Accessible Without Shared Disk
  • 27 Creating Transportable Tablespace Sets
    • 27.1 Overview of Creating Transportable Tablespace Sets
      • 27.1.1 Purpose of Creating Transportable Tablespace Sets
      • 27.1.2 Basic Concepts of Transportable Tablespace Sets
      • 27.1.3 Basic Steps of Creating Transportable Tablespace Sets
    • 27.2 Customizing Initialization Parameters for the Auxiliary Instance
      • 27.2.1 About Setting Initialization Parameters for the RMAN Auxiliary Instance
      • 27.2.2 Setting the Location of the Auxiliary Instance Parameter File
    • 27.3 Creating a Transportable Tablespace Set
    • 27.4 Troubleshooting the Creation of Transportable Tablespace Sets
    • 27.5 Transportable Tablespace Set Scenarios
      • 27.5.1 Creating a Transportable Tablespace Set at a Specified Time or SCN
      • 27.5.2 Specifying Locations for Data Pump Files
      • 27.5.3 Specifying Auxiliary File Locations with Transportable Tablespaces
        • 27.5.3.1 Using SET NEWNAME for Auxiliary Data Files
        • 27.5.3.2 Using CONFIGURE AUXNAME for Auxiliary Data Files
        • 27.5.3.3 Using AUXILIARY DESTINATION to Specify a Location for Auxiliary Files
        • 27.5.3.4 Using Initialization Parameters to Name Auxiliary Files
  • 28 Transporting Data Across Platforms
    • 28.1 About Cross-Platform Data Transport
      • 28.1.1 Purpose of Cross-Platform Data Transport
      • 28.1.2 Methods of Transporting Data Across Platforms
      • 28.1.3 Platforms that Support Cross-Platform Data Transport
    • 28.2 Overview of Cross-Platform Data Transport Using Image Copies
      • 28.2.1 Overview of Tablespace and Data File Conversion Using Image Copies
      • 28.2.2 Overview of Database Conversion Using Image Copies
    • 28.3 Performing Cross-Platform Tablespace Conversion with Image Copies
    • 28.4 Performing Cross-Platform Data File Conversion with Image Copies
      • 28.4.1 About Renaming Output Files During RMAN Cross-Platform Data File Conversion
      • 28.4.2 Performing Tablespace Transportation on the Destination Host Using RMAN CONVERT DATAFILE
    • 28.5 Performing Cross-Platform Database Conversion with Image Copies
      • 28.5.1 Checking the Database Before Cross-Platform Database Conversion
      • 28.5.2 Converting Data Files on the Source Host When Transporting a Database
      • 28.5.3 Converting Data Files on the Destination Host When Transporting a Database
        • 28.5.3.1 Performing Preliminary Data File Conversion Steps on the Source Host
        • 28.5.3.2 Running the Conversion Scripts on the Destination Host
    • 28.6 Overview of Cross-Platform Data Transport Using Backup Sets
      • 28.6.1 Basic Terms Used in Cross-Platform Data Transport Using Backup Sets
      • 28.6.2 About Backing Up Data on the Source Database for Cross-Platform Data Transport
      • 28.6.3 About the Data Pump Export Dump File Used for Cross-Platform Tablespace Transport
      • 28.6.4 About Restoring Data on the Destination Host During Cross-Platform Data Transport
      • 28.6.5 About Selecting Objects to Be Restored from Cross-Platform Backups
      • 28.6.6 About Names and Locations for Restored Objects on the Destination Database
      • 28.6.7 About Importing the Data Pump Export Dump File Created During Cross-Platform Tablespace Transport
    • 28.7 Performing Cross-Platform Database Transport with Backup Sets
      • 28.7.1 Steps to Transport a Database to a Different Platform Using Backup Sets
    • 28.8 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of Read-Only Tablespaces Using Backup Sets
      • 28.8.1 Steps to Transport Read-Only Tablespaces to a Different Platform Using Backup Sets
    • 28.9 Overview of Cross-Platform Transport of Tablespaces Using Inconsistent Backups
    • 28.10 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of Tablespaces Using Inconsistent Backups
      • 28.10.1 Steps to Transport Inconsistent Tablespaces to a Different Platform
        • 28.10.1.1 Creating Files Required to Transport Tablespaces to a Different Platform
        • 28.10.1.2 Transferring Files Created on the Source Host to the Destination Host
        • 28.10.1.3 Restoring Tablespaces and Plugging them in to the Destination Database
      • 28.10.2 Example: Performing Cross-Platform Inconsistent Tablespace Transport Using Backup Sets
    • 28.11 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of Data Files Over the Network
    • 28.12 Performing Cross-Platform Data Transport in CDBs and PDBs
      • 28.12.1 About Cross-Platform Transport of PDBs
      • 28.12.2 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of a Whole CDB
      • 28.12.3 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of a Closed PDB
      • 28.12.4 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of a PDB Using Inconsistent Backups
      • 28.12.5 Performing Cross-Platform Transport of Tablespaces in a PDB
        • 28.12.5.1 Example: Transporting a Tablespace in a PDB
• Part VIII Performing User-Managed Backup and Recovery
  • 29 Making User-Managed Database Backups
    • 29.1 Querying V$ Views to Obtain Backup Information
      • 29.1.1 Listing Database Files Before a Backup
      • 29.1.2 Determining Data File Status for Online Tablespace Backups
    • 29.2 Making User-Managed Backups of the Whole Database
    • 29.3 Making User-Managed Backups of CDBs and PDBs
    • 29.4 Making User-Managed Backups of Tablespaces and Data Files
      • 29.4.1 Making User-Managed Backups of Offline Tablespaces and Data Files
      • 29.4.2 Making User-Managed Backups of Online Tablespaces and Data Files
        • 29.4.2.1 Making User-Managed Backups of Online Read/Write Tablespaces
        • 29.4.2.2 Making Multiple User-Managed Backups of Online Read/Write Tablespaces
          • 29.4.2.2.1 Backing Up Online Tablespaces in Parallel
          • 29.4.2.2.2 Backing Up Online Tablespaces Serially
        • 29.4.2.3 Ending a Backup After an Instance Failure or SHUTDOWN ABORT
          • 29.4.2.3.1 Ending Backup Mode with the ALTER DATABASE END BACKUP Statement
          • 29.4.2.3.2 Ending Backup Mode with the SQL*Plus RECOVER Command
        • 29.4.2.4 Making User-Managed Backups of Read-Only Tablespaces
    • 29.5 Making User-Managed Backups of Tablespaces in CDBs
      • 29.5.1 Making User-Managed Backups of Offline Tablespaces and Data Files in CDBs
      • 29.5.2 Making User-Managed Backups of Online Tablespaces in CDBs and PDBs
    • 29.6 Making User-Managed Backups of the Control File
      • 29.6.1 Backing Up the Control File to a Binary File
      • 29.6.2 Backing Up the Control File to a Trace File
    • 29.7 Making User-Managed Backups of Archived Redo Logs
    • 29.8 Making User-Managed Backups in SUSPEND Mode
      • 29.8.1 About the Suspend/Resume Feature
      • 29.8.2 Making Backups in a Suspended Database
    • 29.9 Making User-Managed Backups to Raw Devices
      • 29.9.1 Backing Up to Raw Devices on Linux and UNIX
        • 29.9.1.1 Backing Up with the dd Utility on Linux and UNIX: Examples
      • 29.9.2 Backing Up to Raw Devices on Windows
        • 29.9.2.1 Backing Up with OCOPY: Example
        • 29.9.2.2 Specifying the -b and -r Options for OCOPY: Example
    • 29.10 Making Backups with Third-Party Snapshot Technologies
    • 29.11 Verifying User-Managed Data File Backups
      • 29.11.1 Testing the Restoration of Data File Backups
      • 29.11.2 Running the DBVERIFY Utility
  • 30 Performing User-Managed Database Flashback and Recovery
    • 30.1 Performing Flashback Database with SQL*Plus
      • 30.1.1 Performing Flashback Database of non-CDBs with SQL*Plus
      • 30.1.2 Performing Flashback Database of CDBs with SQL*Plus
      • 30.1.3 Performing Flashback Database of PDBs with SQL*Plus
    • 30.2 Overview of User-Managed Media Recovery
      • 30.2.1 About User-Managed Restore and Recovery
      • 30.2.2 Automatic Recovery with the RECOVER Command
        • 30.2.2.1 Automatic Recovery with SET AUTORECOVERY
        • 30.2.2.2 Automatic Recovery with the AUTOMATIC Option of the RECOVER Command
      • 30.2.3 Recovery When Archived Logs Are in the Default Location
      • 30.2.4 Recovery When Archived Logs Are in a Nondefault Location
        • 30.2.4.1 Resetting the Archived Log Destination
        • 30.2.4.2 Overriding the Archived Log Destination
      • 30.2.5 Recovery Using Storage Snapshot Optimization
      • 30.2.6 Recovery Cancellation During User-Managed Recovery
      • 30.2.7 Parallel Media Recovery
    • 30.3 Performing Complete Database Recovery Using SQL*Plus
      • 30.3.1 Performing Closed Database Recovery
      • 30.3.2 Performing Open Database Recovery
      • 30.3.3 Performing Crash and Instance Recovery of CDBs
    • 30.4 Performing Incomplete Database Recovery
      • 30.4.1 Performing Cancel-Based Incomplete Recovery
      • 30.4.2 Performing Time-Based or Change-Based Incomplete Recovery
    • 30.5 Recovering a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
    • 30.6 Troubleshooting Media Recovery
      • 30.6.1 About User-Managed Media Recovery Problems
      • 30.6.2 Investigating the Media Recovery Problem: Phase 1
      • 30.6.3 Trying to Fix the Recovery Problem Without Corrupting Blocks: Phase 2
      • 30.6.4 Deciding Whether to Allow Recovery to Mark as Corrupt Blocks: Phase 3
      • 30.6.5 Allowing Recovery to Corrupt Blocks: Phase 4
      • 30.6.6 Performing Trial Recovery
        • 30.6.6.1 How Trial Recovery Works
        • 30.6.6.2 Executing the RECOVER... TEST Statement
  • 31 Performing User-Managed Recovery: Advanced Scenarios
    • 31.1 Responding to the Loss of a Subset of the Current Control Files
      • 31.1.1 Copying a Multiplexed Control File to a Default Location
      • 31.1.2 Copying a Multiplexed Control File to a Nondefault Location
    • 31.2 Recovering After the Loss of All Current Control Files
      • 31.2.1 Recovering with a Backup Control File in the Default Location
      • 31.2.2 Recovering with a Backup Control File in a Nondefault Location
      • 31.2.3 Recovering Through an Added Data File with a Backup Control File
      • 31.2.4 Recovering Read-Only Tablespaces with a Backup Control File
    • 31.3 Re-Creating a Control File
      • 31.3.1 Recovering Through a RESETLOGS with a Created Control File
      • 31.3.2 Recovery of Read-Only Files with a Re-Created Control File
    • 31.4 Re-Creating Data Files When Backups Are Unavailable
    • 31.5 Recovering NOLOGGING Tables and Indexes
    • 31.6 Recovering Transportable Tablespaces
    • 31.7 Recovering After the Loss of Online Redo Log Files
      • 31.7.1 Recovering After Losing a Member of a Multiplexed Online Redo Log Group
      • 31.7.2 Recovering After Losing All Members of an Online Redo Log Group
        • 31.7.2.1 Losing an Inactive Online Redo Log Group
          • 31.7.2.1.1 Clearing Inactive, Archived Redo
          • 31.7.2.1.2 Clearing Inactive, Unarchived Redo
          • 31.7.2.1.3 Failure of CLEAR LOGFILE Operation
        • 31.7.2.2 Losing an Active Online Redo Log Group
          • 31.7.2.2.1 Recovering from the Loss of Active Logs in NOARCHIVELOG Mode
          • 31.7.2.2.2 Recovering from Loss of Active Logs in ARCHIVELOG Mode
        • 31.7.2.3 Loss of Multiple Redo Log Groups
    • 31.8 Recovering from a Dropped Table Without Using Flashback Features
    • 31.9 Dropping a Database with SQL*Plus
• Glossary
• Index