DHCP relieves you of some of the time-consuming tasks involved in setting up a TCP/IP network and in the daily management of that network. DHCP offers the following advantages:
IP address management – A primary advantage of DHCP is easier management of IP addresses. In a network without DHCP, you must manually assign IP addresses. You must be careful to assign unique IP addresses to each client and to configure each client individually. If a client moves to a different network, you must make manual modifications for that client. When DHCP is enabled, the DHCP server manages and assigns IP addresses without administrator intervention. Clients can move to other networks without manual reconfiguration because they obtain, from a DHCP server, new client information appropriate for the new network.
Centralized network client configuration – You can create a tailored configuration for certain clients, or for certain types of clients. The configuration information is stored on the DHCP server. You do not need to log in to a client to change its configuration. You can make changes for multiple clients just by changing the information in the configuration files on the DHCP server.
Support for BOOTP clients – Both BOOTP servers and DHCP servers listen and respond to broadcasts from clients. The DHCP server can respond to requests from BOOTP clients as well as DHCP clients. BOOTP clients receive an IP address and the information needed to boot from a server.
Support for local clients and remote clients – BOOTP provides for the relaying of messages from one network to another network. DHCP takes advantage of the BOOTP relay feature in several ways. Most network routers can be configured to act as BOOTP relay agents to pass BOOTP requests to servers that are not on the client's network. DHCP requests can be relayed in the same manner because, to the router, DHCP requests are indistinguishable from BOOTP requests. The DHCP server can also be configured to behave as a BOOTP relay agent, if a router that supports BOOTP relay is not available.
Network booting – Clients can use DHCP to obtain the information that is needed to boot from a server on the network, instead of using RARP (Reverse Address Resolution Protocol) and the bootparams file. The DHCP server can give a client all the information that the client needs to function, including IP address, boot server, and network configuration information. Because DHCP requests can be relayed across subnets, you can deploy fewer boot servers in your network when you use DHCP network booting. RARP booting requires that each subnet have a boot server.
Large network support – To make DHCP support for large networks better:
The deployment of DHCP servers can be centralized or decentralized.
Single servers can be configured to manage multiple physical networks that are not directly connected to it with the help of DHCP relay agent.
ISC DHCP provides failover between servers, so that when one server fails, the other will cover for it.
ISC DHCP load balancing so that more than one server can provide service at the same time.
The DHCP server uses multithreading to process many client requests simultaneously.