dup2, dup3 - duplicate an open file descriptor
#include <unistd.h> int dup2(int fildes, int fildes2); int dup3(int fildes, int fildes2, int flags);
The dup2() function causes the file descriptor fildes2 to refer to the same file as fildes. The fildes argument is a file descriptor referring to an open file, and fildes2 is a non-negative integer less than the current value for the maximum number of open file descriptors allowed the calling process. See getrlimit(2). If fildes2 already refers to an open file, not fildes, it is closed first. If fildes2 refers to fildes, or if fildes is not a valid open file descriptor, fildes2 will not be closed first.
The dup2() function is equivalent to fcntl(fildes, F_DUP2FD, fildes2).
The dup3() function causes the file descriptor fildes2 to refer to the same file as fildes. The fildes argument is a file descriptor referring to an open file, and fildes2 is a non-negative integer less than the current value for the maximum number of open file descriptors allowed the calling process. See getrlimit(2). If fildes2 already refers to an open file, not fildes, it is closed first. If fildes2 refers to fildes, an error is returned. The flags argument can include O_CLOEXEC and/or O_CLOFORK; these flags respectively set FD_CLOEXEC and FD_CLOFORK on the created new file descriptor.
The dup3() function is equivalent to fcntl(fildes, F_DUP3FD, fildes2, fd_flags), where fd_flags is a mapping of O_CLOEXEC/O_CLOFORK to FD_CLOEXEC/FD_CLOFORK.
Upon successful completion a non-negative integer representing the file descriptor is returned. Otherwise, −1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error.
The dup2() and dup3() functions will fail if:
The fildes argument is not a valid open file descriptor.
The fildes2 argument is negative or is not less than the current resource limit returned by getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, . . .).
A signal was caught during the dup2() call.
The process has too many open files. See fcntl(2).
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:
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close(2), creat(2), exec(2), fcntl(2), getrlimit(2), open(2), pipe(2), attributes(7), standards(7)