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Contents
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Related documents
Conventions
Documentation Accessibility
What's New
New features in release 18.1.4.1.0
New features in release 18.1.3.1.0
New features in release 18.1.2.1.0
New features in release 18.1.1.2.0
1
Overview of TimesTen Scaleout
Introducing TimesTen Scaleout
TimesTen Scaleout features
In-memory database
Performance
Persistence and durability
SQL and PL/SQL functionality
Transactions
Scalability
Data transparency
High availability and fault tolerance
Centralized management
TimesTen Scaleout architecture
Instances
Management instances
Data instances
Installations
K-safety
Understanding replica sets
Understanding data spaces
Assigning hosts to data space groups
Data distribution
Defining the distribution map for a database
Defining the distribution scheme for tables
Backups
Internal and external networks
Central configuration of the grid
Planning your grid
Determine the number of hosts and membership servers
Define the network parameters of each host and membership server
Define the locations for the installation directory and instance home of each instance
Ensure you have all the information you need to deploy a grid
Database connections
Comparison between TimesTen Scaleout and TimesTen Classic
How supported TimesTen features are documented in this book
2
Prerequisites and Installation of TimesTen Scaleout
General prerequisites
Operating system prerequisites
Understanding the TimesTen users group and the operating system user
The TimesTen users group
The operating system user
Create the TimesTen users group and the OS user
Configuring the operating system kernel parameters
Configure shmmax and shmall
Configure HugePages
Modify the memlock settings
Set the semaphore values
Network requirements
Internal network
Syntax for internal addresses
External network
Installing TimesTen Scaleout
Verifying the installation
Run the ttInstallationCheck utility
Review the installation directory and subdirectories
Setting passwordless SSH
3
Setting Up the Membership Service
Overview of the TimesTen Scaleout membership service
Tracking the instance status
Recovering from a network partition error
Using Apache ZooKeeper as the membership service
Installing Apache ZooKeeper
Configuring Apache ZooKeeper as the membership service
Starting the membership servers
Configure a grid as a membership service client
4
Setting Up a Grid
Configure your grid
Creating the initial management instance
Creating a grid
Adding the standby management instance
Calculating the number of hosts and data instances for the grid
Calculate the number of data instances to create
Calculate the number of hosts you need to support your data instances
Assigning hosts to data space groups
Adding data instances
Create a host for a data instance
Create the installation for the data instance
Create the data instance
Create data instances by duplicating the configuration of an existing host
Applying the changes made to the model
Model versioning
Apply the latest version of the model
Setting instances to automatically start at system startup
Description of the physical topography of the grid
Assigning hosts to physical groups
Removing the physical layout of the hosts
Deleting physical groups
Propose data space group assignments
5
Managing a Database
Creating a database
Create a database definition
Creating a database definition file
Adding a database definition to the model
Create a database based on the database definition
Define the distribution map of the database
Open the database for user connections
Connecting to a database
Create a connectable
Creating a connectable file
Creating a connectable based on the connectable file
Connect to a database using ODBC and JDBC drivers
Establishing direct connections from a data instance
Establishing client connections from a TimesTen Client
Redirecting client connections
Verify if your database is a distributed database
Defining table distribution schemes
Hash
Reference
Duplicate
Materialized views as a secondary form of distribution
Determining the value of the PermSize attribute
Bulk loading data into a database
Populating a table with the ttBulkCp utility
Populate a table from a single location
Populate a table from several locations
Populating a table with the ttLoadFromOracle built-in procedure
Enable communication to an Oracle database
Populate a table from a single location
Populate a table from several locations
Unloading a database from memory
Reloading a database into memory
Modifying the connection attributes of a database
Modify the connection attributes in a database definition
Modify the connection attributes in a connectable
Destroying a database
6
Understanding Distributed Transactions in TimesTen Scaleout
Transaction manager
Status of the participants
Durability settings
Durability set to 1
Durability set to 0
Epoch transactions
EpochInterval attribute
CreateEpochAtCommit attribute
Two-phase commit protocol
Phase 0: Transaction
Phase 1: Prepare phase
Phase 2: Commit phase
Two-phase commit failure analysis
Troubleshooting distributed transactions
Global transaction id
Managing in-doubt transactions
7
Using SQL in TimesTen Scaleout
Overview of SQL
Overview of PL/SQL
Working with tables
Altering tables
Understanding materialized views
Understanding indexes
Using sequences
Understanding batch allocation
Performing DML operations
Using pseudocolumns
Using the TT_CommitDMLOnSuccess hint
Using optimizer hints
TT_GridQueryExec
TT_PartialResult
Understanding ROWID in data distribution
Understanding system views
8
Maintaining and Upgrading a Grid
Maintaining the model of a grid
Modifying a grid
Modifying objects in a grid
Modify a host
Modify an instance
Deleting objects from a grid
Delete an instance
Delete an installation
Delete a host
Delete a physical group
Reconfiguring membership servers
View the current membership configuration
Add membership servers
Enable the new membership configuration
Redistributing data in a database
Adding elements to the distribution map
Removing elements from the distribution map
Replace an element with another element
Remove a replica set
Stopping a grid
Restarting a grid
Upgrading a grid
Upgrade a grid to a patch-compatible release
Create an installation from a new release on every host
Upgrade management instances
Upgrade data instances
Optional: Delete the installation of the previous release on every host
Upgrade a grid to a not patch-compatible release
Destroying a grid
9
Monitoring TimesTen Scaleout
Using the ttStats utility
View the configuration of the ttStats utility
Configure the ttStats utility
Monitor a database with the ttStats utility
Create a snapshot with the ttStats utility
Create a report between two snapshots with the ttStats utility
Using SQL Developer to work with TimesTen Scaleout
Monitoring the management instances
Monitor the free space of the management instance
Modify retention values of previous grid models and warning threshold of the management instance
Resize the management instance
Grid with a single management instance
Grid with active and standby management instances
Collecting grid logs
Retrieving diagnostic information
Verifying clock synchronization across all instances
10
Migrating, Backing Up and Restoring Data
Migrating a database from TimesTen Classic to TimesTen Scaleout
Working with repositories
Create a repository
Attach a repository
Detach a repository
List repositories and collections
Backing up and restoring a database
Back up a database
Back up a database into a remote repository (WAN-friendly)
Recommendations for staged backups
Create a staged backup
Check the status of a backup
Delete a backup
Restore a database
Check the status of a restore
Exporting and importing a database
Export a database
Check the status of a database export
Delete a database export
Import a database export
Check the status of a database import
Determining the size of a backup or export
11
Recovering from Failure
Displaying the database, replica set and element status
Recovering from transient errors
Retry transient errors
Communications error
Software error
Host or data instance failure
Heavy load or temporary communication failure
Recovering from a data distribution error
Tracking the automatic recovery for an element
Availability despite the failure of one element in a replica set
Recovering when a single element fails in a replica set
Troubleshooting based on element status
Recovering a replica set after an element goes down
Remove and replace a failed element in a replica set
Unavailability of data when a full replica set is down or fails
Recovering from a down replica set
Transaction behavior with a down replica set
Durably recovering a failed replica set when Durability=1
Recovering a failed replica set when Durability=0
Recovering when the replica set has a permanently failed element
Evicting the element in the permanently failed replica set when k = 1
Evicting all elements in a permanently failed replica set when k = 2
Maintaining database consistency after an eviction
Recovering when a data instance is down
Database recovery
Client connection failover
Configuring TCP keep-alive parameters
Managing failover for the management instances
Status for management instances
Starting, stopping and switching management instances
Active management instance failure
Single management instance fails
Active management instance fails
Standby management instance failure
Standby management instance recovers
Standby management instance experiences permanent failure
Both management instances fail
Bring back both management instances
Bring back one of the management instances
Performance recommendations
Set a timeout for create channel requests
A
Example for Deploying a Grid and Database
TimesTen Scaleout prerequisites
Ensure that TimesTen Scaleout supports the OS installed on each host
Configure all hosts in the same internal network
Create a TimesTen user group and OS user
Set the Linux system kernel parameters
Set the memlock settings for the instance administrator
Set the semaphore values
Install TimesTen Scaleout
Set passwordless SSH between all hosts
Set up the membership service
Install ZooKeeper
Configure the ZooKeeper servers
Start the ZooKeeper servers
Create the client configuration file
Deploy a grid and database
Create a database definition file
Create a connectable file
Create a SQL script file for your database
Create a configuration file for the ttGridRollout utility
Create a grid and database
Connect to the database
B
TimesTen Scaleout Environment
Environment variables
Setting environment variables
Environment variable descriptions
TIMESTEN_HOME environment variable
NLS_LANG environment variable
Shared library path environment variable
PATH environment variable
Temporary directory environment variable
TNS_ADMIN environment variable
Java environment variables
Instance home directory and subdirectories
Managing a development or test environment
Index
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