Table of Contents

• List of Tables
• Title and Copyright Information
• Preface
  • Audience
  • Documentation Accessibility
  • Related Documents
  • Conventions
• Changes in Oracle Database Release
• Part I Database Development Fundamentals
  • 1 Design Basics
    • 1.1 Design for Performance
    • 1.2 Design for Scalability
    • 1.3 Design for Extensibility
      • 1.3.1 Data Cartridges
      • 1.3.2 External Procedures
      • 1.3.3 User-Defined Functions and Aggregate Functions
      • 1.3.4 Object-Relational Features
    • 1.4 Design for Security
    • 1.5 Design for Availability
    • 1.6 Design for Portability
    • 1.7 Design for Diagnosability
    • 1.8 Design for Special Environments
      • 1.8.1 Data Warehousing
      • 1.8.2 Online Transaction Processing (OLTP)
    • 1.9 Features for Special Scenarios
      • 1.9.1 SQL Analytic Functions
      • 1.9.2 Materialized Views
      • 1.9.3 Partitioning
      • 1.9.4 Temporal Validity Support
  • 2 Connection Strategies for Database Applications
    • 2.1 Design Guidelines for Connection Pools
      • 2.1.1 Connection Storms
      • 2.1.2 Guideline for Preventing Connection Storms: Use Static Pools
    • 2.2 Design Guideline for Login Strategy
    • 2.3 Design Guideline for Preventing Programmatic Session Leaks
      • 2.3.1 Drained Connection Pools
      • 2.3.2 Checking for Session Leaks
      • 2.3.3 Lock Leaks
      • 2.3.4 Logical Corruption
    • 2.4 Using Runtime Connection Load Balancing
      • 2.4.1 About Runtime Connection Load Balancing
      • 2.4.2 Enabling and Disabling Runtime Connection Load Balancing
        • 2.4.2.1 OCI
        • 2.4.2.2 OCCI
        • 2.4.2.3 JDBC
        • 2.4.2.4 ODP.NET
      • 2.4.3 Receiving Load Balancing Advisory FAN Events
  • 3 Performance and Scalability
    • 3.1 Performance Strategies
      • 3.1.1 Designing Your Data Model to Perform Well
        • 3.1.1.1 Analyze the Data Requirements of the Application
        • 3.1.1.2 Create the Database Design for the Application
          • 3.1.1.2.1 Create the Logical Design
          • 3.1.1.2.2 Create the Physical Design
        • 3.1.1.3 Implement the Database Application
        • 3.1.1.4 Maintain the Database and Database Application
      • 3.1.2 Setting Performance Goals (Metrics)
      • 3.1.3 Benchmarking Your Application
    • 3.2 Tools for Performance
      • 3.2.1 DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO Package
      • 3.2.2 SQL Trace Facility (SQL_TRACE)
      • 3.2.3 EXPLAIN PLAN Statement
    • 3.3 Monitoring Database Performance
      • 3.3.1 Automatic Database Diagnostic Monitor (ADDM)
      • 3.3.2 Monitoring Real-Time Database Performance
      • 3.3.3 Responding to Performance-Related Alerts
      • 3.3.4 SQL Advisors and Memory Advisors
    • 3.4 Testing for Performance
    • 3.5 Using Client Result Cache
      • 3.5.1 About Client Result Cache
      • 3.5.2 Benefits of Client Result Cache
      • 3.5.3 Guidelines for Using Client Result Cache
        • 3.5.3.1 SQL Hints
        • 3.5.3.2 Table Annotation
        • 3.5.3.3 Session Parameter
        • 3.5.3.4 Effective Table Result Cache Mode
        • 3.5.3.5 Displaying Effective Table Result Cache Mode
        • 3.5.3.6 Result Cache Mode Use Cases
        • 3.5.3.7 Queries Never Result Cached in Client Result Cache
      • 3.5.4 Client Result Cache Consistency
      • 3.5.5 Deployment-Time Settings for Client Result Cache
        • 3.5.5.1 Server Initialization Parameters
          • 3.5.5.1.1 COMPATIBLE
          • 3.5.5.1.2 CLIENT_RESULT_CACHE_SIZE
          • 3.5.5.1.3 CLIENT_RESULT_CACHE_LAG
        • 3.5.5.2 Client Configuration Parameters
      • 3.5.6 Client Result Cache Statistics
      • 3.5.7 Validation of Client Result Cache
        • 3.5.7.1 Measure Execution Times
        • 3.5.7.2 Query V$MYSTAT
        • 3.5.7.3 Query V$SQLAREA
      • 3.5.8 Client Result Cache and Server Result Cache
      • 3.5.9 Client Result Cache Demo Files
      • 3.5.10 Client Result Cache Compatibility with Previous Releases
    • 3.6 Statement Caching
    • 3.7 OCI Client Statement Cache Auto-Tuning
    • 3.8 Client-Side Deployment Parameters
    • 3.9 Using Query Change Notification
    • 3.10 Using Database Resident Connection Pool
      • 3.10.1 About Database Resident Connection Pool
      • 3.10.2 Configuring DRCP
      • 3.10.3 Sharing Proxy Sessions
      • 3.10.4 Using JDBC with DRCP
      • 3.10.5 Using OCI Session Pool APIs with DRCP
      • 3.10.6 Session Purity and Connection Class
        • 3.10.6.1 Session Purity
        • 3.10.6.2 Connection Class
        • 3.10.6.3 Example: Setting the Connection Class as HRMS
        • 3.10.6.4 Example: Setting the Connection Class as RECMS
        • 3.10.6.5 Session Purity and Connection Class Defaults
      • 3.10.7 Starting Database Resident Connection Pool
      • 3.10.8 Enabling DRCP
      • 3.10.9 Benefiting from the Scalability of DRCP in an OCI Application
      • 3.10.10 Benefiting from the Scalability of DRCP in a Java Application
      • 3.10.11 Best Practices for Using DRCP
      • 3.10.12 Compatibility and Migration
      • 3.10.13 Using DRCP with Oracle Database Native Network Encryption
      • 3.10.14 DRCP Restrictions
      • 3.10.15 Using DRCP with Custom Pools
      • 3.10.16 Explicitly Marking Sessions Stateful or Stateless
      • 3.10.17 Using DRCP with Oracle Real Application Clusters
      • 3.10.18 Using DRCP with Pluggable Databases
      • 3.10.19 DRCP with Data Guard
    • 3.11 Memoptimize Pool
    • 3.12 Oracle RAC Sharding
  • 4 Designing Applications for Oracle Real-World Performance
    • 4.1 Using Bind Variables
    • 4.2 Using Instrumentation
    • 4.3 Using Set-Based Processing
      • 4.3.1 Iterative Data Processing
        • 4.3.1.1 About Iterative Data Processing
        • 4.3.1.2 Iterative Data Processing: Row-By-Row
        • 4.3.1.3 Iterative Data Processing: Arrays
        • 4.3.1.4 Iterative Data Processing: Manual Parallelism
      • 4.3.2 Set-Based Processing
  • 5 Security
    • 5.1 Enabling User Access with Grants, Roles, and Least Privilege
    • 5.2 Automating Database Logins
    • 5.3 Controlling User Access with Fine-Grained Access Control
    • 5.4 Using Invoker's and Definer's Rights for Procedures and Functions
      • 5.4.1 What Are Invoker's Rights and Definer's Rights?
      • 5.4.2 Protecting Users Who Run Invoker's Rights Procedures and Functions
      • 5.4.3 How Default Rights Are Handled for Java Stored Procedures
    • 5.5 Managing External Procedures for Your Applications
    • 5.6 Auditing User Activity
  • 6 High Availability
    • 6.1 Transparent Application Failover (TAF)
      • 6.1.1 About Transparent Application Failover
      • 6.1.2 Configuring Transparent Application Failover
      • 6.1.3 Using Transparent Application Failover Callbacks
    • 6.2 Oracle Connection Manager in Traffic Director Mode
    • 6.3 Fast Application Notification (FAN) and Fast Connection Failover (FCF)
      • 6.3.1 About Fast Application Notification (FAN)
      • 6.3.2 About Receiving FAN Event Notifications
      • 6.3.3 About Fast Connection Failover (FCF)
    • 6.4 Application Continuity and Transaction Guard
      • 6.4.1 Overview of Application Continuity
      • 6.4.2 Overview of Transaction Guard
    • 6.5 Service and Load Management for Database Clouds
      • 6.5.1 About Service and Load Management for Database Clouds
  • 7 Advanced PL/SQL Features
    • 7.1 PL/SQL Data Types
    • 7.2 Dynamic SQL
    • 7.3 PL/SQL Optimize Level
    • 7.4 Compiling PL/SQL Units for Native Execution
    • 7.5 Exception Handling
    • 7.6 Conditional Compilation
    • 7.7 Bulk Binding
• Part II SQL for Application Developers
  • 8 SQL Processing for Application Developers
    • 8.1 Description of SQL Statement Processing
      • 8.1.1 Stages of SQL Statement Processing
      • 8.1.2 Shared SQL Areas
    • 8.2 Grouping Operations into Transactions
      • 8.2.1 Deciding How to Group Operations in Transactions
      • 8.2.2 Improving Transaction Performance
      • 8.2.3 Managing Commit Redo Action
      • 8.2.4 Determining Transaction Outcome After a Recoverable Outage
        • 8.2.4.1 Understanding Transaction Guard
          • 8.2.4.1.1 How Transaction Guard Uses the LTXID
        • 8.2.4.2 Understanding DBMS_APP_CONT.GET_LTXID_OUTCOME
          • 8.2.4.2.1 CLIENT_LTXID Parameter
          • 8.2.4.2.2 COMMITTED Parameter
          • 8.2.4.2.3 USER_CALL_COMPLETED Parameter
          • 8.2.4.2.4 Exceptions
        • 8.2.4.3 Using Transaction Guard
    • 8.3 Ensuring Repeatable Reads with Read-Only Transactions
    • 8.4 Locking Tables Explicitly
      • 8.4.1 Privileges Required to Acquire Table Locks
      • 8.4.2 Choosing a Locking Strategy
        • 8.4.2.1 When to Lock with ROW SHARE MODE and ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE
        • 8.4.2.2 When to Lock with SHARE MODE
        • 8.4.2.3 When to Lock with SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE
        • 8.4.2.4 When to Lock with EXCLUSIVE MODE
      • 8.4.3 Letting Oracle Database Control Table Locking
      • 8.4.4 Explicitly Acquiring Row Locks
      • 8.4.5 Examples of Concurrency Under Explicit Locking
    • 8.5 Using Oracle Lock Management Services (User Locks)
      • 8.5.1 When to Use User Locks
      • 8.5.2 Viewing and Monitoring Locks
    • 8.6 Using Serializable Transactions for Concurrency Control
      • 8.6.1 Transaction Interaction and Isolation Level
      • 8.6.2 Setting Isolation Levels
      • 8.6.3 Serializable Transactions and Referential Integrity
      • 8.6.4 READ COMMITTED and SERIALIZABLE Isolation Levels
        • 8.6.4.1 Transaction Set Consistency Differences
          • 8.6.4.1.1 Oracle Database
          • 8.6.4.1.2 Other Database Systems
        • 8.6.4.2 Choosing Transaction Isolation Levels
    • 8.7 Nonblocking and Blocking DDL Statements
    • 8.8 Autonomous Transactions
      • 8.8.1 Examples of Autonomous Transactions
        • 8.8.1.1 Ordering a Product
        • 8.8.1.2 Withdrawing Money from a Bank Account
          • 8.8.1.2.1 Scenario 1: Sufficient Funds
          • 8.8.1.2.2 Scenario 2: Insufficient Funds with Overdraft Protection
          • 8.8.1.2.3 Scenario 3: Insufficient Funds Without Overdraft Protection
      • 8.8.2 Declaring Autonomous Routines
    • 8.9 Resuming Execution After Storage Allocation Errors
      • 8.9.1 What Operations Have Resumable Storage Allocation?
      • 8.9.2 Handling Suspended Storage Allocation
        • 8.9.2.1 Using an AFTER SUSPEND Trigger in the Application
        • 8.9.2.2 Checking for Suspended Statements
  • 9 Using SQL Data Types in Database Applications
    • 9.1 Using the Correct and Most Specific Data Type
      • 9.1.1 How the Correct Data Type Increases Data Integrity
      • 9.1.2 How the Most Specific Data Type Decreases Storage Requirements
      • 9.1.3 How the Correct Data Type Improves Performance
    • 9.2 Representing Character Data
    • 9.3 Representing Numeric Data
      • 9.3.1 Floating-Point Number Components
      • 9.3.2 Floating-Point Number Formats
        • 9.3.2.1 Binary Floating-Point Formats
      • 9.3.3 Representing Special Values with Native Floating-Point Data Types
      • 9.3.4 Comparing Native Floating-Point Values
      • 9.3.5 Arithmetic Operations with Native Floating-Point Data Types
      • 9.3.6 Conversion Functions for Native Floating-Point Data Types
      • 9.3.7 Client Interfaces for Native Floating-Point Data Types
    • 9.4 Representing Date and Time Data
      • 9.4.1 Displaying Current Date and Time
      • 9.4.2 Inserting and Displaying Dates
      • 9.4.3 Inserting and Displaying Times
      • 9.4.4 Arithmetic Operations with Datetime Data Types
      • 9.4.5 Conversion Functions for Datetime Data Types
      • 9.4.6 Importing, Exporting, and Comparing Datetime Types
    • 9.5 Representing Specialized Data
      • 9.5.1 Representing Spatial Data
      • 9.5.2 Representing Multimedia Data
      • 9.5.3 Representing Large Amounts of Data
        • 9.5.3.1 Large Objects (LOBs)
        • 9.5.3.2 LONG and LONG RAW Data Types
      • 9.5.4 Representing Searchable Text
      • 9.5.5 Representing XML Data
      • 9.5.6 Representing Dynamically Typed Data
      • 9.5.7 Representing ANSI, DB2, and SQL/DS Data
    • 9.6 Identifying Rows by Address
    • 9.7 Displaying Metadata for SQL Operators and Functions
      • 9.7.1 ARGn Data Type
      • 9.7.2 DISP_TYPE Data Type
      • 9.7.3 SQL Data Type Families
  • 10 Using Regular Expressions in Database Applications
    • 10.1 Overview of Regular Expressions
    • 10.2 Oracle SQL Support for Regular Expressions
    • 10.3 Oracle SQL and POSIX Regular Expression Standard
    • 10.4 Operators in Oracle SQL Regular Expressions
      • 10.4.1 POSIX Operators in Oracle SQL Regular Expressions
      • 10.4.2 Oracle SQL Multilingual Extensions to POSIX Standard
      • 10.4.3 Oracle SQL PERL-Influenced Extensions to POSIX Standard
    • 10.5 Using Regular Expressions in SQL Statements: Scenarios
      • 10.5.1 Using a Constraint to Enforce a Phone Number Format
      • 10.5.2 Example: Enforcing a Phone Number Format with Regular Expressions
      • 10.5.3 Example: Inserting Phone Numbers in Correct and Incorrect Formats
      • 10.5.4 Using Back References to Reposition Characters
  • 11 Using Indexes in Database Applications
    • 11.1 Guidelines for Managing Indexes
    • 11.2 Managing Indexes
    • 11.3 When to Use Domain Indexes
    • 11.4 When to Use Function-Based Indexes
      • 11.4.1 Advantages of Function-Based Indexes
      • 11.4.2 Disadvantages of Function-Based Indexes
      • 11.4.3 Example: Function-Based Index for Precomputing Arithmetic Expression
      • 11.4.4 Example: Function-Based Indexes on Object Column
      • 11.4.5 Example: Function-Based Index for Faster Case-Insensitive Searches
      • 11.4.6 Example: Function-Based Index for Language-Dependent Sorting
  • 12 Maintaining Data Integrity in Database Applications
    • 12.1 Enforcing Business Rules with Constraints
    • 12.2 Enforcing Business Rules with Both Constraints and Application Code
    • 12.3 Creating Indexes for Use with Constraints
    • 12.4 When to Use NOT NULL Constraints
    • 12.5 When to Use Default Column Values
    • 12.6 Choosing a Primary Key for a Table (PRIMARY KEY Constraint)
    • 12.7 When to Use UNIQUE Constraints
    • 12.8 Enforcing Referential Integrity with FOREIGN KEY Constraints
      • 12.8.1 FOREIGN KEY Constraints and NULL Values
      • 12.8.2 Defining Relationships Between Parent and Child Tables
      • 12.8.3 Rules for Multiple FOREIGN KEY Constraints
      • 12.8.4 Deferring Constraint Checks
    • 12.9 Minimizing Space and Time Overhead for Indexes Associated with Constraints
    • 12.10 Guidelines for Indexing Foreign Keys
    • 12.11 Referential Integrity in a Distributed Database
    • 12.12 When to Use CHECK Constraints
      • 12.12.1 Restrictions on CHECK Constraints
      • 12.12.2 Designing CHECK Constraints
      • 12.12.3 Rules for Multiple CHECK Constraints
      • 12.12.4 Choosing Between CHECK and NOT NULL Constraints
    • 12.13 Examples of Defining Constraints
      • 12.13.1 Privileges Needed to Define Constraints
      • 12.13.2 Naming Constraints
    • 12.14 Enabling and Disabling Constraints
      • 12.14.1 Why Disable Constraints?
      • 12.14.2 Creating Enabled Constraints (Default)
      • 12.14.3 Creating Disabled Constraints
      • 12.14.4 Enabling Existing Constraints
      • 12.14.5 Disabling Existing Constraints
      • 12.14.6 Guidelines for Enabling and Disabling Key Constraints
      • 12.14.7 Fixing Constraint Exceptions
    • 12.15 Modifying Constraints
    • 12.16 Renaming Constraints
    • 12.17 Dropping Constraints
    • 12.18 Managing FOREIGN KEY Constraints
      • 12.18.1 Data Types and Names for Foreign Key Columns
      • 12.18.2 Limit on Columns in Composite Foreign Keys
      • 12.18.3 Foreign Key References Primary Key by Default
      • 12.18.4 Privileges Required to Create FOREIGN KEY Constraints
      • 12.18.5 Choosing How Foreign Keys Enforce Referential Integrity
    • 12.19 Viewing Information About Constraints
• Part III PL/SQL for Application Developers
  • 13 Coding PL/SQL Subprograms and Packages
    • 13.1 Overview of PL/SQL Subprograms
    • 13.2 Overview of PL/SQL Packages
    • 13.3 Overview of PL/SQL Units
      • 13.3.1 PLSQL_OPTIMIZE_LEVEL Compilation Parameter
    • 13.4 Creating PL/SQL Subprograms and Packages
      • 13.4.1 Privileges Needed to Create Subprograms and Packages
      • 13.4.2 Creating Subprograms and Packages
      • 13.4.3 PL/SQL Object Size Limits
      • 13.4.4 PL/SQL Data Types
        • 13.4.4.1 PL/SQL Scalar Data Types
          • 13.4.4.1.1 SQL Data Types
          • 13.4.4.1.2 BOOLEAN Data Type
          • 13.4.4.1.3 PLS_INTEGER and BINARY_INTEGER Data Types
          • 13.4.4.1.4 REF CURSOR Data Type
          • 13.4.4.1.5 User-Defined PL/SQL Subtypes
        • 13.4.4.2 PL/SQL Composite Data Types
        • 13.4.4.3 Abstract Data Types
      • 13.4.5 Returning Result Sets to Clients
        • 13.4.5.1 Advantages of Cursor Variables
        • 13.4.5.2 Disadvantages of Cursor Variables
          • 13.4.5.2.1 Parsing Penalty for Cursor Variable
          • 13.4.5.2.2 Multiple-Row-Fetching Penalty for Cursor Variable
        • 13.4.5.3 Returning Query Results Implicitly
      • 13.4.6 Returning Large Amounts of Data from a Function
      • 13.4.7 PL/SQL Function Result Cache
      • 13.4.8 Overview of Bulk Binding
        • 13.4.8.1 DML Statements that Reference Collections
        • 13.4.8.2 SELECT Statements that Reference Collections
        • 13.4.8.3 FOR Loops that Reference Collections and Return DML
      • 13.4.9 PL/SQL Dynamic SQL
    • 13.5 Altering PL/SQL Subprograms and Packages
    • 13.6 Deprecating Packages, Subprograms, and Types
    • 13.7 Dropping PL/SQL Subprograms and Packages
    • 13.8 Compiling PL/SQL Units for Native Execution
    • 13.9 Invoking Stored PL/SQL Subprograms
      • 13.9.1 Privileges Required to Invoke a Stored Subprogram
      • 13.9.2 Invoking a Subprogram Interactively from Oracle Tools
      • 13.9.3 Invoking a Subprogram from Another Subprogram
      • 13.9.4 Invoking a Remote Subprogram
        • 13.9.4.1 Synonyms for Remote Subprograms
        • 13.9.4.2 Transactions That Invoke Remote Subprograms
    • 13.10 Invoking Stored PL/SQL Functions from SQL Statements
      • 13.10.1 Why Invoke PL/SQL Functions from SQL Statements?
      • 13.10.2 Where PL/SQL Functions Can Appear in SQL Statements
      • 13.10.3 When PL/SQL Functions Can Appear in SQL Expressions
      • 13.10.4 Controlling Side Effects of PL/SQL Functions Invoked from SQL Statements
        • 13.10.4.1 Restrictions on Functions Invoked from SQL Statements
        • 13.10.4.2 PL/SQL Functions Invoked from Parallelized SQL Statements
        • 13.10.4.3 PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES
          • 13.10.4.3.1 Example: PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES
          • 13.10.4.3.2 Specifying the Assertion TRUST
          • 13.10.4.3.3 Differences Between Static and Dynamic SQL Statements
    • 13.11 Analyzing and Debugging Stored Subprograms
      • 13.11.1 PL/Scope
      • 13.11.2 PL/SQL Hierarchical Profiler
      • 13.11.3 Debugging PL/SQL and Java
        • 13.11.3.1 Compiling Code for Debugging
        • 13.11.3.2 Privileges for Debugging PL/SQL and Java Stored Subprograms
    • 13.12 Package Invalidations and Session State
    • 13.13 Example: Raising an ORA-04068 Error
    • 13.14 Example: Trapping ORA-04068
  • 14 Using PL/Scope
    • 14.1 Overview of PL/Scope
    • 14.2 Privileges Required for Using PL/Scope
    • 14.3 Specifying Identifier and Statement Collection
    • 14.4 How Much Space is PL/Scope Data Using?
    • 14.5 Viewing PL/Scope Data
      • 14.5.1 Static Data Dictionary Views for PL/SQL and SQL Identifiers
        • 14.5.1.1 PL/SQL and SQL Identifier Types that PL/Scope Collects
        • 14.5.1.2 About Identifiers Usages
        • 14.5.1.3 Identifiers Usage Unique Keys
        • 14.5.1.4 About Identifiers Usage Context
        • 14.5.1.5 About Identifiers Signature
      • 14.5.2 Static Data Dictionary Views for SQL Statements
        • 14.5.2.1 SQL Statement Types that PL/Scope Collects
        • 14.5.2.2 Statements Location Unique Keys
        • 14.5.2.3 About SQL Statement Usage Context
        • 14.5.2.4 About SQL Statements Signature
      • 14.5.3 SQL Developer
    • 14.6 Overview of Data Dictionary Views Useful to Manage PL/SQL Code
    • 14.7 Sample PL/Scope Session
  • 15 Using the PL/SQL Hierarchical Profiler
    • 15.1 Overview of PL/SQL Hierarchical Profiler
    • 15.2 Collecting Profile Data
    • 15.3 Understanding Raw Profiler Output
      • 15.3.1 Namespaces of Tracked Subprograms
      • 15.3.2 Special Function Names
    • 15.4 Analyzing Profile Data
      • 15.4.1 Creating Hierarchical Profiler Tables
      • 15.4.2 Understanding Hierarchical Profiler Tables
        • 15.4.2.1 Hierarchical Profiler Database Table Columns
        • 15.4.2.2 Distinguishing Between Overloaded Subprograms
        • 15.4.2.3 Hierarchical Profiler Tables for Sample PL/SQL Procedure
        • 15.4.2.4 Examples of Calls to DBMS_HPROF.analyze with Options
    • 15.5 plshprof Utility
      • 15.5.1 plshprof Options
      • 15.5.2 HTML Report from a Single Raw Profiler Output File
        • 15.5.2.1 First Page of Report
        • 15.5.2.2 Function-Level Reports
        • 15.5.2.3 Module-Level Reports
        • 15.5.2.4 Namespace-Level Reports
        • 15.5.2.5 Parents and Children Report for a Function
        • 15.5.2.6 Understanding PL/SQL Hierarchical Profiler SQL-Level Reports
      • 15.5.3 HTML Difference Report from Two Raw Profiler Output Files
        • 15.5.3.1 Difference Report Conventions
        • 15.5.3.2 First Page of Difference Report
        • 15.5.3.3 Function-Level Difference Reports
        • 15.5.3.4 Module-Level Difference Reports
        • 15.5.3.5 Namespace-Level Difference Reports
        • 15.5.3.6 Parents and Children Difference Report for a Function
  • 16 Using PL/SQL Basic Block Coverage to Maintain Quality
    • 16.1 Overview of PL/SQL Basic Block Coverage
    • 16.2 Collecting PL/SQL Code Coverage Data
    • 16.3 PL/SQL Code Coverage Tables Description
  • 17 Developing PL/SQL Web Applications
    • 17.1 Overview of PL/SQL Web Applications
    • 17.2 Implementing PL/SQL Web Applications
      • 17.2.1 PL/SQL Gateway
        • 17.2.1.1 mod_plsql
        • 17.2.1.2 Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
      • 17.2.2 PL/SQL Web Toolkit
    • 17.3 Using mod_plsql Gateway to Map Client Requests to a PL/SQL Web Application
    • 17.4 Using Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
      • 17.4.1 How Embedded PL/SQL Gateway Processes Client Requests
      • 17.4.2 Installing Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
      • 17.4.3 Configuring Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
        • 17.4.3.1 Configuring Embedded PL/SQL Gateway: Overview
        • 17.4.3.2 Configuring User Authentication for Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
          • 17.4.3.2.1 Configuring Static Authentication with DBMS_EPG
          • 17.4.3.2.2 Configuring Dynamic Authentication with DBMS_EPG
          • 17.4.3.2.3 Configuring Anonymous Authentication with DBMS_EPG
          • 17.4.3.2.4 Determining the Authentication Mode of a DAD
          • 17.4.3.2.5 Examples: Creating and Configuring DADs
          • 17.4.3.2.6 Example: Determining the Authentication Mode for a DAD
          • 17.4.3.2.7 Example: Determining the Authentication Mode for All DADs
          • 17.4.3.2.8 Example: Showing DAD Authorizations that Are Not in Effect
          • 17.4.3.2.9 Examining Embedded PL/SQL Gateway Configuration
      • 17.4.4 Invoking PL/SQL Stored Subprograms Through Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
      • 17.4.5 Securing Application Access with Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
      • 17.4.6 Restrictions in Embedded PL/SQL Gateway
      • 17.4.7 Using Embedded PL/SQL Gateway: Scenario
    • 17.5 Generating HTML Output with PL/SQL
    • 17.6 Passing Parameters to PL/SQL Web Applications
      • 17.6.1 Passing List and Dropdown-List Parameters from an HTML Form
      • 17.6.2 Passing Option and Check Box Parameters from an HTML Form
      • 17.6.3 Passing Entry-Field Parameters from an HTML Form
      • 17.6.4 Passing Hidden Parameters from an HTML Form
      • 17.6.5 Uploading a File from an HTML Form
      • 17.6.6 Submitting a Completed HTML Form
      • 17.6.7 Handling Missing Input from an HTML Form
      • 17.6.8 Maintaining State Information Between Web Pages
    • 17.7 Performing Network Operations in PL/SQL Subprograms
      • 17.7.1 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Support
      • 17.7.2 Sending E-Mail from PL/SQL
      • 17.7.3 Getting a Host Name or Address from PL/SQL
      • 17.7.4 Using TCP/IP Connections from PL/SQL
      • 17.7.5 Retrieving HTTP URL Contents from PL/SQL
      • 17.7.6 Using Tables, Image Maps, Cookies, and CGI Variables from PL/SQL
  • 18 Using Continuous Query Notification (CQN)
    • 18.1 About Object Change Notification (OCN)
    • 18.2 About Query Result Change Notification (QRCN)
      • 18.2.1 Guaranteed Mode
      • 18.2.2 Best-Effort Mode
        • 18.2.2.1 Example: Query Too Complex for QRCN in Guaranteed Mode
        • 18.2.2.2 Example: Query Whose Simplified Version Invalidates Objects
    • 18.3 Events that Generate Notifications
      • 18.3.1 Committed DML Transactions
      • 18.3.2 Committed DDL Statements
      • 18.3.3 Deregistration
      • 18.3.4 Global Events
    • 18.4 Notification Contents
    • 18.5 Good Candidates for CQN
    • 18.6 Creating CQN Registrations
    • 18.7 Using PL/SQL to Create CQN Registrations
      • 18.7.1 PL/SQL CQN Registration Interface
      • 18.7.2 CQN Registration Options
        • 18.7.2.1 Notification Type Option
        • 18.7.2.2 QRCN Mode (QRCN Notification Type Only)
        • 18.7.2.3 ROWID Option
        • 18.7.2.4 Operations Filter Option (OCN Notification Type Only)
        • 18.7.2.5 Transaction Lag Option (OCN Notification Type Only)
        • 18.7.2.6 Notification Grouping Options
        • 18.7.2.7 Reliable Option
        • 18.7.2.8 Purge-on-Notify and Timeout Options
      • 18.7.3 Prerequisites for Creating CQN Registrations
      • 18.7.4 Queries that Can Be Registered for Object Change Notification (OCN)
      • 18.7.5 Queries that Can Be Registered for Query Result Change Notification (QRCN)
        • 18.7.5.1 Queries that Can Be Registered for QRCN in Guaranteed Mode
        • 18.7.5.2 Queries that Can Be Registered for QRCN Only in Best-Effort Mode
        • 18.7.5.3 Queries that Cannot Be Registered for QRCN in Either Mode
      • 18.7.6 Using PL/SQL to Register Queries for CQN
        • 18.7.6.1 Creating a PL/SQL Notification Handler
        • 18.7.6.2 Creating a CQ_NOTIFICATION$_REG_INFO Object
        • 18.7.6.3 Identifying Individual Queries in a Notification
        • 18.7.6.4 Adding Queries to an Existing Registration
      • 18.7.7 Best Practices for CQN Registrations
      • 18.7.8 Troubleshooting CQN Registrations
      • 18.7.9 Deleting Registrations
      • 18.7.10 Configuring CQN: Scenario
        • 18.7.10.1 Creating a PL/SQL Notification Handler
        • 18.7.10.2 Registering the Queries
    • 18.8 Using OCI to Create CQN Registrations
      • 18.8.1 Using OCI for Query Result Set Notifications
      • 18.8.2 Using OCI to Register a Continuous Query Notification
      • 18.8.3 Using OCI Subscription Handle Attributes for Continuous Query Notification
      • 18.8.4 OCI_ATTR_CQ_QUERYID Attribute
      • 18.8.5 Using OCI Continuous Query Notification Descriptors
        • 18.8.5.1 OCI_DTYPE_CHDES
          • 18.8.5.1.1 OCI_DTYPE_CQDES
          • 18.8.5.1.2 OCI_DTYPE_TABLE_CHDES
      • 18.8.6 Demonstrating Continuous Query Notification in an OCI Sample Program
    • 18.9 Querying CQN Registrations
    • 18.10 Interpreting Notifications
      • 18.10.1 Interpreting a CQ_NOTIFICATION$_DESCRIPTOR Object
      • 18.10.2 Interpreting a CQ_NOTIFICATION$_TABLE Object
      • 18.10.3 Interpreting a CQ_NOTIFICATION$_QUERY Object
      • 18.10.4 Interpreting a CQ_NOTIFICATION$_ROW Object
• Part IV Advanced Topics for Application Developers
  • 19 Using Oracle Flashback Technology
    • 19.1 Overview of Oracle Flashback Technology
      • 19.1.1 Application Development Features
      • 19.1.2 Database Administration Features
    • 19.2 Configuring Your Database for Oracle Flashback Technology
      • 19.2.1 Configuring Your Database for Automatic Undo Management
      • 19.2.2 Configuring Your Database for Oracle Flashback Transaction Query
      • 19.2.3 Configuring Your Database for Flashback Transaction
      • 19.2.4 Enabling Oracle Flashback Operations on Specific LOB Columns
      • 19.2.5 Granting Necessary Privileges
    • 19.3 Using Oracle Flashback Query (SELECT AS OF)
      • 19.3.1 Example: Examining and Restoring Past Data
      • 19.3.2 Guidelines for Oracle Flashback Query
    • 19.4 Using Oracle Flashback Version Query
    • 19.5 Using Oracle Flashback Transaction Query
    • 19.6 Using Oracle Flashback Transaction Query with Oracle Flashback Version Query
    • 19.7 Using DBMS_FLASHBACK Package
    • 19.8 Using Flashback Transaction
      • 19.8.1 Dependent Transactions
      • 19.8.2 TRANSACTION_BACKOUT Parameters
      • 19.8.3 TRANSACTION_BACKOUT Reports
        • 19.8.3.1 *_FLASHBACK_TXN_STATE
        • 19.8.3.2 *_FLASHBACK_TXN_REPORT
    • 19.9 Using Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.1 Creating a Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.2 Altering a Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.3 Dropping a Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.4 Specifying the Default Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.5 Enabling and Disabling Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.6 DDL Statements on Tables Enabled for Flashback Data Archive
      • 19.9.7 Viewing Flashback Data Archive Data
      • 19.9.8 Flashback Data Archive Scenarios
        • 19.9.8.1 Scenario: Using Flashback Data Archive to Enforce Digital Shredding
        • 19.9.8.2 Scenario: Using Flashback Data Archive to Access Historical Data
        • 19.9.8.3 Scenario: Using Flashback Data Archive to Generate Reports
        • 19.9.8.4 Scenario: Using Flashback Data Archive for Auditing
        • 19.9.8.5 Scenario: Using Flashback Data Archive to Recover Data
    • 19.10 General Guidelines for Oracle Flashback Technology
    • 19.11 Performance Guidelines for Oracle Flashback Technology
    • 19.12 Multitenant Container Database Restrictions for Oracle Flashback Technology
  • 20 Choosing a Programming Environment
    • 20.1 Overview of Application Architecture
      • 20.1.1 Client/Server Architecture
      • 20.1.2 Server-Side Programming
      • 20.1.3 Two-Tier and Three-Tier Architecture
    • 20.2 Overview of the Program Interface
      • 20.2.1 User Interface
      • 20.2.2 Stateful and Stateless User Interfaces
    • 20.3 Overview of PL/SQL
    • 20.4 Overview of Oracle Database Java Support
      • 20.4.1 Overview of Oracle JVM
      • 20.4.2 Overview of Oracle JDBC
        • 20.4.2.1 Oracle JDBC Drivers
          • 20.4.2.1.1 JDBC Thin Driver
          • 20.4.2.1.2 JDBC OCI Driver
          • 20.4.2.1.3 JDBC Server-Side Internal Driver
        • 20.4.2.2 Sample JDBC 2.0 Program
        • 20.4.2.3 Sample Pre-2.0 JDBC Program
      • 20.4.3 Overview of Oracle SQLJ
        • 20.4.3.1 Benefits of SQLJ
      • 20.4.4 Comparison of Oracle JDBC and Oracle SQLJ
      • 20.4.5 Overview of Java Stored Subprograms
      • 20.4.6 Overview of Oracle Database Web Services
    • 20.5 Choosing PL/SQL or Java
      • 20.5.1 Similarities of PL/SQL and Java
      • 20.5.2 PL/SQL Advantages Over Java
      • 20.5.3 Java Advantages Over PL/SQL
    • 20.6 Overview of Precompilers
      • 20.6.1 Overview of the Pro*C/C++ Precompiler
      • 20.6.2 Overview of the Pro*COBOL Precompiler
    • 20.7 Overview of OCI and OCCI
      • 20.7.1 Advantages of OCI and OCCI
      • 20.7.2 OCI and OCCI Functions
      • 20.7.3 Procedural and Nonprocedural Elements of OCI and OCCI Applications
      • 20.7.4 Building an OCI or OCCI Application
    • 20.8 Comparison of Precompilers and OCI
    • 20.9 Overview of Oracle Data Provider for .NET (ODP.NET)
    • 20.10 Overview of OraOLEDB
  • 21 Developing Applications with Multiple Programming Languages
    • 21.1 Overview of Multilanguage Programs
    • 21.2 What Is an External Procedure?
    • 21.3 Overview of Call Specification for External Procedures
    • 21.4 Loading External Procedures
      • 21.4.1 Define the C Procedures
      • 21.4.2 Set Up the Environment
      • 21.4.3 Identify the DLL
      • 21.4.4 Publish the External Procedures
    • 21.5 Publishing External Procedures
      • 21.5.1 AS LANGUAGE Clause for Java Class Methods
      • 21.5.2 AS LANGUAGE Clause for External C Procedures
        • 21.5.2.1 LIBRARY
        • 21.5.2.2 NAME
        • 21.5.2.3 LANGUAGE
        • 21.5.2.4 CALLING STANDARD
        • 21.5.2.5 WITH CONTEXT
        • 21.5.2.6 PARAMETERS
        • 21.5.2.7 AGENT IN
    • 21.6 Publishing Java Class Methods
    • 21.7 Publishing External C Procedures
    • 21.8 Locations of Call Specifications
      • 21.8.1 Example: Locating a Call Specification in a PL/SQL Package
      • 21.8.2 Example: Locating a Call Specification in a PL/SQL Package Body
      • 21.8.3 Example: Locating a Call Specification in an ADT Specification
      • 21.8.4 Example: Locating a Call Specification in an ADT Body
      • 21.8.5 Example: Java with AUTHID
      • 21.8.6 Example: C with Optional AUTHID
      • 21.8.7 Example: Mixing Call Specifications in a Package
    • 21.9 Passing Parameters to External C Procedures with Call Specifications
      • 21.9.1 Specifying Data Types
      • 21.9.2 External Data Type Mappings
      • 21.9.3 Passing Parameters BY VALUE or BY REFERENCE
      • 21.9.4 Declaring Formal Parameters
      • 21.9.5 Overriding Default Data Type Mapping
      • 21.9.6 Specifying Properties
        • 21.9.6.1 INDICATOR
        • 21.9.6.2 LENGTH and MAXLEN
        • 21.9.6.3 CHARSETID and CHARSETFORM
        • 21.9.6.4 Repositioning Parameters
        • 21.9.6.5 SELF
        • 21.9.6.6 BY REFERENCE
        • 21.9.6.7 WITH CONTEXT
        • 21.9.6.8 Interlanguage Parameter Mode Mappings
    • 21.10 Running External Procedures with CALL Statements
      • 21.10.1 Preconditions for External Procedures
        • 21.10.1.1 Privileges of External Procedures
        • 21.10.1.2 Managing Permissions
        • 21.10.1.3 Creating Synonyms for External Procedures
      • 21.10.2 CALL Statement Syntax
      • 21.10.3 Calling Java Class Methods
      • 21.10.4 Calling External C Procedures
    • 21.11 Handling Errors and Exceptions in Multilanguage Programs
    • 21.12 Using Service Routines with External C Procedures
      • 21.12.1 OCIExtProcAllocCallMemory
      • 21.12.2 OCIExtProcRaiseExcp
      • 21.12.3 OCIExtProcRaiseExcpWithMsg
    • 21.13 Doing Callbacks with External C Procedures
      • 21.13.1 OCIExtProcGetEnv
      • 21.13.2 Object Support for OCI Callbacks
      • 21.13.3 Restrictions on Callbacks
      • 21.13.4 Debugging External C Procedures
      • 21.13.5 Example: Calling an External C Procedure
      • 21.13.6 Global Variables in External C Procedures
      • 21.13.7 Static Variables in External C Procedures
      • 21.13.8 Restrictions on External C Procedures
  • 22 Developing Applications with Oracle XA
    • 22.1 X/Open Distributed Transaction Processing (DTP)
      • 22.1.1 DTP Terminology
      • 22.1.2 Required Public Information
    • 22.2 Oracle XA Library Subprograms
      • 22.2.1 Oracle XA Library Subprograms
      • 22.2.2 Oracle XA Interface Extensions
    • 22.3 Developing and Installing XA Applications
      • 22.3.1 DBA or System Administrator Responsibilities
      • 22.3.2 Application Developer Responsibilities
      • 22.3.3 Defining the xa_open String
        • 22.3.3.1 Syntax of the xa_open String
        • 22.3.3.2 Required Fields for the xa_open String
        • 22.3.3.3 Optional Fields for the xa_open String
      • 22.3.4 Using Oracle XA with Precompilers
        • 22.3.4.1 Using Precompilers with the Default Database
        • 22.3.4.2 Using Precompilers with a Named Database
      • 22.3.5 Using Oracle XA with OCI
      • 22.3.6 Managing Transaction Control with Oracle XA
      • 22.3.7 Examples of Precompiler Applications
      • 22.3.8 Migrating Precompiler or OCI Applications to TPM Applications
      • 22.3.9 Managing Oracle XA Library Thread Safety
        • 22.3.9.1 Specifying Threading in the Open String
        • 22.3.9.2 Restrictions on Threading in Oracle XA
      • 22.3.10 Using the DBMS_XA Package
    • 22.4 Troubleshooting XA Applications
      • 22.4.1 Accessing Oracle XA Trace Files
        • 22.4.1.1 xa_open String DbgFl
        • 22.4.1.2 Trace File Locations
      • 22.4.2 Managing In-Doubt or Pending Oracle XA Transactions
      • 22.4.3 Using SYS Account Tables to Monitor Oracle XA Transactions
    • 22.5 Oracle XA Issues and Restrictions
      • 22.5.1 Using Database Links in Oracle XA Applications
      • 22.5.2 Managing Transaction Branches in Oracle XA Applications
      • 22.5.3 Using Oracle XA with Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC)
        • 22.5.3.1 GLOBAL_TXN_PROCESSES Initialization Parameter
        • 22.5.3.2 Managing Transaction Branches on Oracle RAC
        • 22.5.3.3 Managing Instance Recovery in Oracle RAC with DTP Services (10.2)
        • 22.5.3.4 Global Uniqueness of XIDs in Oracle RAC
        • 22.5.3.5 Tight and Loose Coupling
      • 22.5.4 SQL-Based Oracle XA Restrictions
        • 22.5.4.1 Rollbacks and Commits
        • 22.5.4.2 DDL Statements
        • 22.5.4.3 Session State
        • 22.5.4.4 EXEC SQL
      • 22.5.5 Miscellaneous Restrictions
  • 23 Developing Applications with the Publish-Subscribe Model
    • 23.1 Introduction to the Publish-Subscribe Model
    • 23.2 Publish-Subscribe Architecture
      • 23.2.1 Database Events
      • 23.2.2 Oracle Advanced Queuing
      • 23.2.3 Client Notification
    • 23.3 Publish-Subscribe Concepts
    • 23.4 Examples of a Publish-Subscribe Mechanism
  • 24 Using the Oracle ODBC Driver
    • 24.1 About Oracle ODBC Driver
    • 24.2 For All Users
      • 24.2.1 Oracle ODBC Driver
        • 24.2.1.1 What Is the Oracle ODBC Driver
        • 24.2.1.2 New and Changed Features
        • 24.2.1.3 Features Not Supported
        • 24.2.1.4 Files Created by the Installation
        • 24.2.1.5 Driver Conformance Levels
        • 24.2.1.6 Known Limitations
      • 24.2.2 Configuration Tasks
        • 24.2.2.1 Configuring Oracle Net Services
        • 24.2.2.2 Configuring the Data Source
        • 24.2.2.3 Oracle ODBC Driver Configuration Dialog Box
      • 24.2.3 Modifying the oraodbc.ini File
        • 24.2.3.1 Reducing Lock Timeout
      • 24.2.4 Connecting to a Data Source
        • 24.2.4.1 Connecting to an Oracle Data Source
      • 24.2.5 Troubleshooting
        • 24.2.5.1 About Using the Oracle ODBC Driver for the First Time
        • 24.2.5.2 Expired Password
    • 24.3 For Advanced Users
      • 24.3.1 Creating Oracle ODBC Driver TNS Service Names
      • 24.3.2 SQL Statements
      • 24.3.3 Data Types
      • 24.3.4 Implementation of Data Types (Advanced)
      • 24.3.5 Limitations on Data Types
      • 24.3.6 Error Messages
    • 24.4 For Programmers
      • 24.4.1 Format of the Connection String
      • 24.4.2 SQLDriverConnect Implementation
      • 24.4.3 Reducing Lock Timeout in a Program
      • 24.4.4 Linking with odbc32.lib (Windows) or libodbc.so (UNIX)
      • 24.4.5 Information About rowids
      • 24.4.6 Rowids in a WHERE Clause
      • 24.4.7 Enabling Result Sets
      • 24.4.8 Enabling EXEC Syntax
      • 24.4.9 Enabling Event Notification for Connection Failures in an Oracle RAC Environment
      • 24.4.10 Using Implicit Results Feature Through ODBC
      • 24.4.11 About Supporting Oracle TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE and TIMESTAMP WITH LOCAL TIME ZONE Column Type in ODBC
      • 24.4.12 About the Effect of Setting ORA_SDTZ in Oracle Clients (OCI, SQL*Plus, Oracle ODBC driver, and Others)
      • 24.4.13 Supported Functionality
        • 24.4.13.1 API Conformance
        • 24.4.13.2 Implementation of ODBC API Functions
        • 24.4.13.3 Implementation of the ODBC SQL Syntax
        • 24.4.13.4 Implementation of Data Types (Programming)
      • 24.4.14 Unicode Support
        • 24.4.14.1 Unicode Support Within the ODBC Environment
        • 24.4.14.2 Unicode Support in ODBC API
        • 24.4.14.3 Unicode Functions in the Driver Manager
        • 24.4.14.4 SQLGetData Performance
        • 24.4.14.5 Unicode Samples
      • 24.4.15 Performance and Tuning
        • 24.4.15.1 General ODBC Programming Tips
        • 24.4.15.2 Data Source Configuration Options
        • 24.4.15.3 DATE and TIMESTAMP Data Types
  • 25 Using the Identity Code Package
    • 25.1 Identity Concepts
    • 25.2 What Is the Identity Code Package?
    • 25.3 Using the Identity Code Package
      • 25.3.1 Storing RFID Tags in Oracle Database Using MGD_ID ADT
        • 25.3.1.1 Creating a Table with MGD_ID Column Type and Storing EPC Tag Encodings in the Column
        • 25.3.1.2 Constructing MGD_ID Objects to Represent RFID Tags
          • 25.3.1.2.1 Constructing an MGD_ID Object (SGTIN-64) Passing in the Category ID and a List of Components
          • 25.3.1.2.2 Constructing an MGD_ID object (SGTIN-64) and Passing in the Category ID, the Tag Identifier, and the List of Additional Required Parameters
          • 25.3.1.2.3 Constructing an MGD_ID object (SGTIN-64) and Passing in the Category Name, Category Version (if null, then the latest version is used), and a List of Components
          • 25.3.1.2.4 Constructing an MGD_ID object (SGTIN-64) and Passing in the Category Name and Category Version, the Tag Identifier, and the List of Additional Required Parameters
        • 25.3.1.3 Inserting an MGD_ID Object into a Database Table
        • 25.3.1.4 Querying MGD_ID Column Type
      • 25.3.2 Building a Function-Based Index Using the Member Functions of the MGD_ID Column Type
      • 25.3.3 Using MGD_ID ADT Functions
        • 25.3.3.1 Using the get_component Function with the MGD_ID Object
        • 25.3.3.2 Parsing Tag Data from Standard Representations
        • 25.3.3.3 Reconstructing Tag Representations from Fields
        • 25.3.3.4 Translating Between Tag Representations
      • 25.3.4 Defining a Category of Identity Codes and Adding Encoding Schemes to an Existing Category
        • 25.3.4.1 Creating a Category of Identity Codes
        • 25.3.4.2 Adding Two Metadata Schemes to a Newly Created Category
    • 25.4 Identity Code Package Types
    • 25.5 DBMS_MGD_ID_UTL Package
    • 25.6 Identity Code Metadata Tables and Views
    • 25.7 Electronic Product Code (EPC) Concepts
      • 25.7.1 RFID Technology and EPC v1.1 Coding Schemes
      • 25.7.2 Product Code Concepts and Their Current Use
        • 25.7.2.1 Electronic Product Code (EPC)
          • 25.7.2.1.1 EPC Pure Identity
          • 25.7.2.1.2 EPC Encoding
          • 25.7.2.1.3 EPC Tag Bit-Level Encoding
          • 25.7.2.1.4 EPC Identity URI
          • 25.7.2.1.5 EPC Tag URI Encoding
          • 25.7.2.1.6 EPC Encoding Procedure
          • 25.7.2.1.7 EPC Decoding Procedure
        • 25.7.2.2 Global Trade Identification Number (GTIN) and Serializable Global Trade Identification Number (SGTIN)
        • 25.7.2.3 Serial Shipping Container Code (SSCC)
        • 25.7.2.4 Global Location Number (GLN) and Serializable Global Location Number (SGLN)
        • 25.7.2.5 Global Returnable Asset Identifier (GRAI)
        • 25.7.2.6 Global Individual Asset Identifier (GIAI)
        • 25.7.2.7 RFID EPC Network
    • 25.8 Oracle Database Tag Data Translation Schema
  • 26 Understanding Schema Object Dependency
    • 26.1 Overview of Schema Object Dependency
      • 26.1.1 Example: Displaying Dependent and Referenced Object Types
      • 26.1.2 Example: Schema Object Change that Invalidates Some Dependents
      • 26.1.3 Example: View That Depends on Multiple Objects
    • 26.2 Querying Object Dependencies
    • 26.3 Object Status
    • 26.4 Invalidation of Dependent Objects
      • 26.4.1 Session State and Referenced Packages
      • 26.4.2 Security Authorization
    • 26.5 Guidelines for Reducing Invalidation
      • 26.5.1 Add Items to End of Package
      • 26.5.2 Reference Each Table Through a View
    • 26.6 Object Revalidation
      • 26.6.1 Revalidation of Objects that Compiled with Errors
      • 26.6.2 Revalidation of Unauthorized Objects
      • 26.6.3 Revalidation of Invalid SQL Objects
      • 26.6.4 Revalidation of Invalid PL/SQL Objects
    • 26.7 Name Resolution in Schema Scope
    • 26.8 Local Dependency Management
    • 26.9 Remote Dependency Management
      • 26.9.1 Dependencies Among Local and Remote Database Procedures
      • 26.9.2 Dependencies Among Other Remote Objects
      • 26.9.3 Dependencies of Applications
    • 26.10 Remote Procedure Call (RPC) Dependency Management
      • 26.10.1 Time-Stamp Dependency Mode
      • 26.10.2 RPC-Signature Dependency Mode
        • 26.10.2.1 Changing Names and Default Values of Parameters
        • 26.10.2.2 Changing Specification of Parameter Mode IN
        • 26.10.2.3 Changing Subprogram Body
        • 26.10.2.4 Changing Data Type Classes of Parameters
        • 26.10.2.5 Changing Package Types
      • 26.10.3 Controlling Dependency Mode
        • 26.10.3.1 Dependency Resolution
        • 26.10.3.2 Suggestions for Managing Dependencies
    • 26.11 Shared SQL Dependency Management
  • 27 Using Edition-Based Redefinition
    • 27.1 Overview of Edition-Based Redefinition
    • 27.2 Editions
      • 27.2.1 Editioned and Noneditioned Objects
        • 27.2.1.1 Name Resolution for Editioned and Noneditioned Objects
        • 27.2.1.2 Noneditioned Objects That Can Depend on Editioned Objects
          • 27.2.1.2.1 Materialized Views
          • 27.2.1.2.2 Virtual Columns
        • 27.2.1.3 Editionable and Noneditionable Schema Object Types
        • 27.2.1.4 Enabling Editions for a User
          • 27.2.1.4.1 Potentially Editioned Objects with Noneditioned Dependents
          • 27.2.1.4.2 Users Who Cannot Have Editions Enabled
        • 27.2.1.5 EDITIONABLE and NONEDITIONABLE Properties
          • 27.2.1.5.1 Creating New EDITIONABLE and NONEDITIONABLE Objects
          • 27.2.1.5.2 Replacing or Altering EDITIONABLE and NONEDITIONABLE Objects
        • 27.2.1.6 Rules for Editioned Objects
      • 27.2.2 Creating an Edition
      • 27.2.3 Editioned Objects and Copy-on-Change
        • 27.2.3.1 Example: Editioned Objects and Copy-on-Change
        • 27.2.3.2 Example: Dropping an Editioned Object
        • 27.2.3.3 Example: Creating an Object with the Name of a Dropped Inherited Object
      • 27.2.4 Making an Edition Available to Some Users
      • 27.2.5 Making an Edition Available to All Users
      • 27.2.6 Current Edition and Session Edition
        • 27.2.6.1 Your Initial Session Edition
        • 27.2.6.2 Changing Your Session Edition
        • 27.2.6.3 Displaying the Names of the Current and Session Editions
        • 27.2.6.4 When the Current Edition Might Differ from the Session Edition
      • 27.2.7 Retiring an Edition
      • 27.2.8 Dropping an Edition
    • 27.3 Editioning Views
      • 27.3.1 Creating an Editioning View
      • 27.3.2 Partition-Extended Editioning View Names
      • 27.3.3 Changing the Writability of an Editioning View
      • 27.3.4 Revoking Privileges on Editioning Views
      • 27.3.5 Replacing an Editioning View
      • 27.3.6 Dropped or Renamed Base Tables
      • 27.3.7 Adding Indexes and Constraints to the Base Table
      • 27.3.8 SQL Optimizer Index Hints
    • 27.4 Crossedition Triggers
      • 27.4.1 Forward Crossedition Triggers
      • 27.4.2 Reverse Crossedition Triggers
      • 27.4.3 Crossedition Trigger Interaction with Editions
        • 27.4.3.1 Which Triggers Are Visible
        • 27.4.3.2 What Kind of Triggers Can Fire
          • 27.4.3.2.1 Forward Crossedition Trigger SQL
          • 27.4.3.2.2 Reverse Crossedition Trigger SQL
          • 27.4.3.2.3 Application SQL
        • 27.4.3.3 Firing Order
          • 27.4.3.3.1 FOLLOWS and PRECEDES Clauses
          • 27.4.3.3.2 Trigger Type and Edition
        • 27.4.3.4 Crossedition Trigger Execution
      • 27.4.4 Creating a Crossedition Trigger
        • 27.4.4.1 Coding the Forward Crossedition Trigger Body
          • 27.4.4.1.1 Handling Data Transformation Collisions
          • 27.4.4.1.2 Handling Changes to Other Tables
      • 27.4.5 Transforming Data from Pre- to Post-Upgrade Representation
        • 27.4.5.1 Preventing Lost Updates
      • 27.4.6 Dropping the Crossedition Triggers
    • 27.5 Displaying Information About EBR Features
      • 27.5.1 Displaying Information About Editions
      • 27.5.2 Displaying Information About Editioning Views
      • 27.5.3 Displaying Information About Crossedition Triggers
    • 27.6 Using EBR to Upgrade an Application
      • 27.6.1 Preparing Your Application to Use Editioning Views
      • 27.6.2 Procedure for EBR Using Only Editions
      • 27.6.3 Procedure for EBR Using Editioning Views
      • 27.6.4 Procedure for EBR Using Crossedition Triggers
      • 27.6.5 Rolling Back the Application Upgrade
      • 27.6.6 Reclaiming Space Occupied by Unused Table Columns
      • 27.6.7 Example: Using EBR to Upgrade an Application
        • 27.6.7.1 Existing Application
          • 27.6.7.1.1 Example: How the Existing Application Was Created
          • 27.6.7.1.2 Example: Viewing Data in the Existing Table
        • 27.6.7.2 Preparing the Application to Use Editioning Views
        • 27.6.7.3 Using EBR to Upgrade the Example Application
          • 27.6.7.3.1 Example: Creating an Edition in Which to Upgrade the Example Application
          • 27.6.7.3.2 Example: Changing the Table and Replacing the Editioning View
          • 27.6.7.3.3 Example: Creating and Enabling the Crossedition Triggers
          • 27.6.7.3.4 Example: Applying the Transforms
          • 27.6.7.3.5 Example: Viewing Data in the Changed Table
  • 28 Using Transaction Guard
    • 28.1 Problem That Transaction Guard Solves
    • 28.2 Solution That Transaction Guard Provides
    • 28.3 Transaction Guard Concepts and Scope
      • 28.3.1 Logical Transaction Identifier (LTXID)
      • 28.3.2 At-Most-Once Execution
      • 28.3.3 Transaction Guard Coverage
      • 28.3.4 Transaction Guard with XA Transactions
      • 28.3.5 Transaction Guard Exclusions
    • 28.4 Database Configuration for Transaction Guard
      • 28.4.1 Configuration Checklist
      • 28.4.2 Transaction History Table
      • 28.4.3 Service Parameters
        • 28.4.3.1 Example: Adding and Modifying a Service for a Server Pool
        • 28.4.3.2 Example: Adding an Administrator-Managed Service
        • 28.4.3.3 Example: Modifying a Service (PL/SQL)
    • 28.5 Developing Applications That Use Transaction Guard
      • 28.5.1 Typical Transaction Guard Usage
      • 28.5.2 Details for Using the LTXID
      • 28.5.3 Transaction Guard and Transparent Application Failover
      • 28.5.4 Using Transaction Guard with ODP.NET
      • 28.5.5 Connection-Pool LTXID Usage
      • 28.5.6 Improved Commit Outcome for XA One Phase Optimizations
      • 28.5.7 Additional Requirements for Transaction Guard Development
    • 28.6 Transaction Guard and Its Relationship to Application Continuity
• Index