There are three types of facets, each determined by the facet’s location in the catalog hierarchy:
Global facets are available to all products in a catalog or set of linked catalogs. In a multisite environment, global facets serve as cross-site facets and are available to all products on all sites.
Catalog facets are available to all products in a catalog or set of linked catalogs. In a multisite environment, catalog facets created on the top-level catalog function as site-specific facets.
Category facets are available to all products in a category or set of linked categories.
Note: Catalog and category facets are sometimes collectively referred to as local facets in the Merchandising and Search Merchandising UI. A catalog or category facet is defined as local when it is being viewed in the context of its parent catalog or category. For example if you define brand facet for CatalogA, brand facet is CatalogA’s local facet.