Index

ACCOUNT UNLOCK clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER.

AD (A.D.) date format element, 2-46, 2-48

ACOS function, 4-13

ACTIVATE STANDBY DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-11

ADD clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-27

of ALTER TABLE, 7-140

ADD DATAFILE clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 7-179

ADD LOGFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9

ADD LOGFILE GROUP clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-18

ADD LOGFILE MEMBER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-18

ADD LOGFILE THREAD clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-18

ADD OVERFLOW clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-155

ADD PARTITION, 7-160

ADD PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-158, 7-160

ADD PRIMARY KEY clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-61

ADD ROWID clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 7-179

ADD TEMPFILE clause

ADD_MONTHS function, 4-13

ADMINISTER ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 7-527

ADVISE clause

for expressions in view query, 7-458

AFTER clause

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-428

AFTER triggers, 7-428

aggregate functions, 4-6

aliases

for columns, 5-19

specifying in queries and subqueries, 7-576

ALL clause

of SELECT, 7-573

of SET CONSTRAINTS, 7-598

ALL EXCEPT clause

ALL operator, 3-6

ALL PRIVILEGES clause

of REVOKE schema_object_privileges, 7-560

ALL PRIVILEGES shortcut

ALL shortcut

ALL_COL_COMMENTS view, 7-228

ALL_ROWS hint, 2-64

ALL_TAB_COMMENTS view, 7-228

ALLOCATE EXTENT clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 7-3, 7-4

of ALTER INDEX, 7-31, 7-35

of ALTER TABLE, 7-150

ALTER ANY CLUSTER system privilege, 7-521

ALTER ANY DIMENSION system privilege, 7-522

ALTER ANY INDEX system privilege, 7-522

ALTER ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 7-522

ALTER ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 7-523

ALTER ANY OUTLINE system privilege, 7-524

ALTER ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 7-524

ALTER ANY ROLE system privilege, 7-525

ALTER ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 7-525

ALTER ANY SNAPSHOT system privilege, 7-526

ALTER ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-526

ALTER ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 7-527

ALTER ANY TYPE system privilege, 7-528

ALTER CLUSTER statement, 7-2

ALTER DATABASE

statement, 7-6

system privilege, 7-521

ALTER DIMENSION statement, 7-25

ALTER FUNCTION statement, 7-28

ALTER INDEX statement, 7-30

ALTER JAVA CLASS statement, 7-45

ALTER JAVA SOURCE statement, 7-45

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG statement, 7-58

ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW statement, 7-47

ALTER object privilege, 7-535

ALTER OUTLINE statement, 7-63

ALTER PACKAGE statement, 7-64

ALTER PROCEDURE statement, 7-67

ALTER PROFILE

statement, 7-69

ALTER RESOURCE COST

statement, 7-73

ALTER ROLE statement, 7-76

ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT

statement, 7-78

ALTER SEQUENCE statement, 7-81

ALTER SESSION

statement, 7-83

ALTER TABLE statement, 7-123

ALTER SNAPSHOT LOG. See ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG

ALTER SNAPSHOT. See ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW

ALTER statement

triggers on, 7-430

ALTER SYSTEM

statement, 7-102

system privilege, 7-521

ALTER TABLESPACE

statement, 7-176

ALTER TRIGGER statement, 7-183

ALTER TYPE statement, 7-186

ALTER USER

statement, 7-193

ALTER VIEW statement, 7-198

AM (A.M.) date format element, 2-46, 2-48

American National Standards Institute. See ANSI

analytic functions, 4-7

LAG, 4-40

LEAD, 4-44

RANK, 4-67

RATIO_TO_REPORT, 4-68

ROW_NUMBER, 4-80

ANALYZE ANY system privilege, 7-529

ANALYZE CLUSTER statement, 7-200

ANALYZE INDEX statement, 7-200

ANALYZE TABLE statement, 7-200

ANCILLARY TO clause

of CREATE OPERATOR, 7-341

AND operator, 3-11, 3-12

AND_EQUAL hint, 2-65

ANSI, B - 1

datatypes, 2-28

conversion to Oracle datatypes, 2-28

standards, xv, 1-2

supported datatypes, 2-12

ANY operator, 3-6

APPEND hint, 2-67

application servers

allowing to connect as a user, 7-195

applications

allowing to connect as a user, 7-195

securing, 7-261

validating, 7-261

AQ_ADMINISTRATOR_ROLE role, 7-530

AQ_TM_PROCESSES parameter

storage locations, 7-89, 7-112

AQ_USER_ROLE role, 7-530

ARCHIVE LOG clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-103

archived redo logs

location of, 7-13

ARCHIVELOG clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-18

ARCHVIELOG clause

arguments of operators, 3-1

arithmetic operators, 3-3

AS 'filespec' clause

of CREATE LIBRARY, 7-317

AS clause

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-289, 7-357

AS EXTERNAL clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW / SNAPSHOT, 7-319, 7-328

AS OBJECT clause

of CREATE TYPE, 7-440

AS subquery

of CREATE TABLE, 7-409

of CREATE VIEW, 7-459

AS TABLE clause

of CREATE TYPE, 7-444

AS VARRAY clause

of CREATE TYPE, 7-444

ASC clause

of CREATE INDEX, 7-299

ascending indexes, 7-299

ASCII

character set, 2-34

ASCII function, 4-14

ASIN function, 4-15

ASSOCIATE STATISTICS statement, 7-210

ATAN function, 4-15

ATAN2 function, 4-16

ATTRIBUTE clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-26

of CREATE DIMENSION, 7-280

attributes

adding to a dimension, 7-27

dropping from a dimension, 7-27

maximum number of in object type, 7-392

of dimensions, defining, 7-280

AUDIT (Schema Objects) statement, 7-221

AUDIT ANY system privilege, 7-529

AUDIT sql_statements statement, 7-213

AUDIT SYSTEM system privilege, 7-521

auditing

options

for database objects, 7-215

for SQL statements, 7-218

schema objects

stopping, 7-552

SQL statements, 7-215

SQL statements, stopping, 7-550

AUTHENTICATED BY clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 7-275

AUTHID CURRENT_USER clause

of ALTER JAVA, 7-46

of CREATE PACKAGE, 7-345

of CREATE TYPE, 7-188, 7-441

AUTHID DEFINER clause

of ALTER JAVA, 7-46

of CREATE PACKAGE, 7-345

of CREATE TYPE, 7-188, 7-441

AUTOEXTEND clause

for datafiles, 7-17

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-10

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 7-177, 7-179

of CREATE DATABASE, 7-268

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-419, 7-421

of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE, 7-424, 7-425

AVG function, 4-16

AY date format element, 2-46

BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST parameter

BACKUP ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-526

BACKUP CONTROLFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-20

BACKUP_TAPE_IO_SLAVES parameter

BC (B.C.) date format element, 2-46, 2-48

BECOME USER system privilege, 7-528

BEFORE clause

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-428

BEFORE triggers, 7-428

BEGIN BACKUP clause

of CREATE OPERATOR, 7-339, 7-340

BFILE

datatype, 2-25

locators, 2-25

BFILENAME function, 4-17

binary large objects. See BLOBs

binary operators, 3-1

BINDING clause

BITMAP clause

of CREATE INDEX, 7-297

bitmap indexes, 7-297

blank padding

specifying in format models, 2-51

suppressing, 2-51

BLOB datatype, 2-25

transactional support of, 2-25

BODY clause

BUFFER_POOL parameter

of STORAGE clause, 7-609

BUILD DEFERRED clause

BUILD IMMEDIATE clause

BY ACCESS clause

of AUDIT sql_statements, 7-215

BY proxy clause

of AUDIT (SQL statements), 7-214

of NOAUDIT sql_statements, 7-551

BY SESSION clause

BY user clause

of NOAUDIT sql_statements, 7-551

C clause

mapping to an object type, 7-442

C method

C number format element, 2-41

CACHE clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 7-81

of ALTER TABLE, 7-151

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

CACHE hint, 2-67

CALL clause

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-433

CALL procedure statement

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-433

call spec

in procedures, 7-354

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-289

call specifications. See call spec

CALL statement, 7-226

Cartesian products, 5-23

CASCADE clause

of DROP PROFILE, 7-494

of DROP USER, 7-510

CASCADE CONSTRAINTS clause

of DROP CLUSTER, 7-473

of DROP TABLE, 7-502

of DROP TABLESPACE, 7-504

CC date format element, 2-46

CASE expressions, 5-13

CAST expressions, 5-7

CEIL function, 4-18

century

specifying, 2-47

chained rows

listing, 7-207

CHANGE CATEGORY clause

of ALTER OUTLINE, 7-63

changes

making permanent, 7-230

changing default storage parameters, 7-180

CHAR datatype, 2-15

converting to VARCHAR2, 2-40

CHAR VARYING datatype, ANSI, 2-28

CHARACTER datatype

character functions, 4-4, 4-5

character large objects. See CLOB datatype

character literal. See text

CHARACTER SET clause

OF CREATE DATABASE, 7-271

CHARACTER SET parameter

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-16

character sets

common, 2-33

multibyte characters, 2-72

specifying for database, 7-271

character strings

comparison rules, 2-32

exact matching of, 2-51

fixed-length, 2-15

national character set, 2-15

variable length, 2-16

variable-length, 2-19

zero-length, 2-15

CHARACTER VARYING datatype

single, comparison rules, 2-33

characters

CHARTOROWID function, 2-37, 4-19

CHECK clause

check constraints, 7-241

CHECK DATAFILES clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-105

checkpoint

forcing, 7-105

CHECKPOINT clause

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-105

CHOOSE hint, 2-64

CHR function, 4-19

CHUNK clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-19

of CREATE TABLE, 7-399

CLEAR LOGFILE clause

CLOB datatype, 2-25

transactional support of, 2-25

clone database

mounting, 7-11

CLOSE DATABASE LINK clause

CLUSTER clause

of CREATE INDEX, 7-297

of CREATE TABLE, 7-401

allocating extents for, 7-3

CLUSTER hint, 2-65

clusters

assigning tables to, 7-401

caching retrieved blocks, 7-258

cluster indexes on, 7-297

collecting statistics on, 7-204

creating, 7-254, 7-255

data blocks allocated to, 7-256

deallocating unused extents, 7-3

degree of parallelism

changing, 7-3

when creating, 7-258

dropping tables of, 7-473

granting

system privileges on, 7-521

hash, 7-257

single-table, 7-257

indexed, 7-257

key

changing column names, 7-3

changing the number of columns, 7-3

migrated and chained rows in, 7-207

modifying, 7-2

physical attributes

changing, 7-2

specifying, 7-256

removing from the database, 7-472

space allocated for cluster key values, 7-256

SQL examples, 7-473

storage attributes

changing, 7-2

storage characteristics, 7-605

specifying, 7-256

tablespace

changing, 7-3

tablespace in which created, 7-257

validating structure of, 7-206

COALESCE clause

for partitions, 7-160

for subpartitions, 7-156

inserting rows into, 7-542

COALESCE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-156

code examples

description of, xxiii

collections

modifying, 7-145

nested tables, 2-31

treating as a table, 7-467, 7-542, 7-617

unnesting, 7-576

examples, 7-593

varrays, 2-31

column constraints, 7-233, 7-237

column REF constraints, 7-234, 7-242

of ALTER TABLE, 7-140

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 7-210, 7-211

columns

COLUMNS clause

COMMENT ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-529

COMMENT clause

of COMMIT, 7-231

COMMENT statement, 7-228

comments, 2-62

adding to objects, 7-228

associating with a transaction, 7-231

dropping from objects, 7-228

how to specify, 2-62

in SQL statements, 2-62

on schema objects, 2-63

removing from the data dictionary, 7-228

viewing, 7-228

commit

automatic, 7-230

COMMIT IN PROCEDURE clause

of character strings, 2-32

COMMIT statement, 7-230

comparison functions

MAP, 7-443, 7-449

ORDER, 7-443, 7-449

comparison operators, 3-5

comparison semantics

blank-padded, 2-33

nonpadded, 2-33

COMPILE clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-27

of ALTER FUNCTION, 7-28

of ALTER JAVA SOURCE, 7-46

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-54

of ALTER PROCEDURE, 7-68

compiler directives, 7-442

of ALTER TYPE, 7-187

of ALTER VIEW, 7-199

of CREATE JAVA, 7-312

composite foreign keys, 7-239

composite partitioning clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-386, 7-403

composite primary keys, 7-239

composite unique constraints, 7-238

COMPOSITE_LIMIT parameter

compound conditions, 5-18

compound expressions, 5-4

COMPRESS clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-32

COMPUTE STATISTICS clause

of ANALYZE, 7-204

concatenation operator, 3-3

CONCAT function, 4-20

conditions

compound, 5-18

EXISTS, 5-18

group comparison, 5-16

in SQL syntax, 5-14

LIKE, 5-18

membership, 5-17

NULL, 5-18

range, 5-18

simple comparison, 5-16

CONNECT BY clause

of SELECT, 5-21, 7-577

CONNECT clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 7-274

CONNECT role, 7-530

CONNECT TO clause

CONNECT_TIME parameter

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-55

CONSIDER FRESH clause

constant values. See literals

CONSTRAINT clause

of constraint_clause, 7-237

constraint clause, 7-233

CONSTRAINT(S) parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-86

constraints

adding, 7-140

check, 7-241

checking at end of transaction, 7-243

checking at start of transaction, 7-243

checking at the end of each DML statement, 7-243

column REF, 7-242

composite unique, 7-238

deferrable, 7-243, 7-598

enforcing, 7-86

defining, 7-237, 7-390

on a column, 7-393

on a table, 7-393

disabling, 7-165, 7-245, 7-405

cascading, 7-408

dropping, 7-146, 7-504

enabling, 7-165, 7-244, 7-405, 7-407

foreign key, 7-240

modifying existing, 7-144

not null, 7-239

on columns, 7-237

primary key, 7-239

attributes of index, 7-244

referential integrity, 7-239, 7-240

restrictions, 7-237

scope, 7-242

setting state for a transaction, 7-598

storing rows in violation, 7-163, 7-245, 7-407

table REF, 7-242

unique, 7-238

attributes of index, 7-244

composite, 7-238

removing from the database, 7-474

validating, 7-244, 7-245

constructor methods

and object types, 7-439

context namespaces

contexts

creating namespaces for, 7-261

granting

system privileges on, 7-521

namespace

associating with package, 7-261

control files

allow reuse of, 7-264

allowing reuse of, 7-269

backing up, 7-20

re-creating, 7-263

CONTROL_FILE_RECORD_KEEP_TIME parameter

of CREATE DATABASE, 7-269

controlfile clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9

CONTROLFILE REUSE clause

conversion

rules, string to date, 2-53

conversion functions, 4-5

table of, 2-37

CONVERT clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-11

CONVERT function, 4-21

CORE_DUMP_DEST parameter

correlated subqueries, 5-25

CORR function, 4-22

correlation names

for base tables of indexes, 7-298

CPU_PER_CALL parameter

CPU_PER_SESSION parameter

CREATE ANY CLUSTER system privilege, 7-521

CREATE ANY CONTEXT system privilege, 7-521

CREATE ANY DIMENSION system privilege, 7-522

CREATE ANY DIRECTORY system privilege, 7-522

CREATE ANY INDEX system privilege, 7-522

CREATE ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 7-522

CREATE ANY LIBRARY system privilege, 7-523

CREATE ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 7-523

CREATE ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 7-524

CREATE ANY OUTLINE system privilege, 7-524

CREATE ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 7-524

CREATE ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 7-525

CREATE ANY SNAPSHOT system privilege, 7-526

CREATE ANY SYNONYM system privilege, 7-526

CREATE ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-526

CREATE ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 7-527

CREATE ANY TYPE system privilege, 7-528

CREATE ANY VIEW system privilege, 7-529

CREATE CLUSTER

statement, 7-254

system privilege, 7-521

CREATE CONTEXT statement, 7-261

CREATE CONTROLFILE statement, 7-263

CREATE DATABASE LINK

statement, 7-273

system privilege, 7-522

CREATE DATABASE statement, 7-267

CREATE DATAFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-8, 7-16

CREATE DIMENSION

statement, 7-277

system privilege, 7-522

CREATE DIRECTORY statement, 7-282

CREATE FUNCTION statement, 7-284

CREATE INDEX

statement, 7-291

CREATE INDEXTYPE

statement, 7-309

system privilege, 7-522

CREATE JAVA statement, 7-311

CREATE LIBRARY

statement, 7-316

system privilege, 7-523

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW / SNAPSHOT

statement, 7-318

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG statement, 7-333

CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT

system privilege, 7-523

CREATE OPERATOR

statement, 7-339

system privilege, 7-524

CREATE OUTLINE statement, 7-342

CREATE PACKAGE BODY statement, 7-348

CREATE PACKAGE statement, 7-344

CREATE PROCEDURE

statement, 7-353

system privilege, 7-524

CREATE PROFILE

statement, 7-359

system privilege, 7-524

CREATE PUBLIC DATABASE LINK system privilege, 7-522

CREATE PUBLIC SYNONYM system privilege, 7-526

CREATE ROLE

statement, 7-365

CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT

statement, 7-367

CREATE SCHEMA statement, 7-369

CREATE SEQUENCE

statement, 7-371

CREATE SESSION system privilege, 7-525

CREATE SNAPSHOT system privilege, 7-526

CREATE STANDBY CONTROLFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-20

CREATE statement

triggers on, 7-430

CREATE SYNONYM

statement, 7-377

system privilege, 7-526

CREATE TABLE statement, 7-381

CREATE TABLESPACE

statement, 7-419

CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE statement, 7-424

CREATE TRIGGER

statement, 7-426

CREATE TYPE

statement, 7-437

CREATE TYPE BODY statement, 7-447

CREATE USER

statement, 7-451

CREATE VIEW

statement, 7-456

system privilege, 7-529

CREATE_STORED_OUTLINES parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-86

of queries and subqueries, 7-578

cross-tabulation values

deriving, 7-578

CUBE operations

CUME_DIST function, 4-28

currency symbol

ISO, 2-41

local, 2-42

union, 2-43

CURRENT_SCHEMA parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-87

CURRENT_USER

and database links, 7-274

CURRVAL pseudocolumn, 2-56, 7-372

CURSOR expressions, 5-10

CURSOR_SHARING parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-87, 7-109

cursors

number cached per session, 7-94

CYCLE clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 7-81

D date format element, 2-46

D number format element, 2-41

data

integrity checking on input, 2-18

retrieving, 5-19

undo

storing, 7-367

data conversion, 2-36

implicit versus explicit, 2-38

when performed implicitly, 2-36

when specified explicitly, 2-37

data definition language

events and triggers, 7-430

statements, 6-1

and implicit commit, 6-2

causing recompilation, 6-2

PL/SQL support of, 6-2

data dictionary

adding comments to, 7-228

data manipulation language

operations

and triggers, 7-429

during index creation, 7-301

during index rebuild, 7-144

statements, 6-4

PL/SQL support of, 6-4

data object number

in extended rowids, 2-27

database

accounts

creating, 7-451

allowing generation of redo logs, 7-12

allowing reuse of control files, 7-269

allowing unlimited resources to users, 7-361

cancel-based recovery, 7-13

terminating, 7-14

change-based recovery, 7-14

changing characteristics of, 7-263

changing global name, 7-15

changing the name of, 7-263, 7-264

character set

specifying, 7-271

connect strings, 2-80

converting from Oracle7 data dictionary, 7-11

creating, 7-268

enabling automatic extension of, 7-271

erasing all data from, 7-268

granting system privileges on, 7-521

limiting resources for users, 7-360

managed recovery of, 7-8

modifying, 7-10

mounting, 7-11, 7-268

naming, 7-11

opening, 7-11, 7-268

after media recovery, 7-12

recovering, 7-13

with backup control file, 7-14

re-creating control file for, 7-263

redo log files

specifying, 7-265

remote

accessing, 5-26

authenticating users to, 7-275

connecting to, 7-274

inserting into, 7-542

service name of, 7-275

table locks on, 7-548

resetting

current log sequence, 7-12

to an earlier version, 7-15

restricting users to read-only transactions, 7-12

resuming activity, 7-108

specifying datafiles for, 7-265

suspending activity, 7-107

time-based recovery, 7-13

database events

and triggers, 7-431

database links, 5-26

closing, 7-84

creating, 2-79, 7-273

creating synonyms with, 7-379

current user, 7-274

granting system privileges on, 7-521

removing from the database, 7-475

shared, 7-274

syntax of, 2-80

username and password, 2-80

database objects

dropping, 7-510

nonschema, 2-69

schema, 2-68

database triggers. See triggers

DATAFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-8, 7-16

of CREATE DATABASE, 7-271

DATAFILE clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-8

DATAFILE END BACKUP clause

DATAFILE OFFLINE clause

DATAFILE ONLINE clause

DATAFILE RESIZE clause

datafiles

bringing online, 7-17

creating new, 7-16

disabling automatic extension, 7-17

enabling automatic extension, 7-17, 7-421

modifying, 7-16

recovering, 7-14

re-creating lost, 7-16

for a tablespace, 7-421

taking offline, 7-17

datatypes, 2-9

DATE datatype, 2-21

converting from character or numeric value, 2-21

date format elements, 2-45

RR, 2-49

date format models, 2-45

punctuation in, 2-45

text in, 2-45

date functions, 4-5

dates

arithmetic using, 2-21

comparison rules, 2-32

Julian, 2-22

DAY date format element, 2-48

DB_BLOCK_CHECKING parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-87

DB_BLOCK_CHECKSUM parameter

DB_BLOCK_MAX_DIRTY_TARGET parameter

DB_FILE_DIRECT_IO_COUNT parameter

DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-87

conversion to Oracle datatypes, 2-29

DB2 datatypes, 2-28

restrictions on, 2-30

DBA role, 7-530

DBA_2PC_PENDING view, 7-84

DBA_COL_COMMENTS view, 7-228

DBA_ROLLBACK_SEGS view, 7-496

DBA_TAB_COMMENTS view, 7-228

DBMS_OUTPUT package, 7-184

DBMS_ROWID package

and extended rowids, 2-27

DBMSSTDX.SQL script, 7-285, 7-344, 7-348, 7-355

and triggers, 7-427

DD date format element, 2-46

DDD date format element, 2-46

DDL. See data definition language

DDL statements

requiring exclusive access, 6-2

DEALLOCATE UNUSED clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 7-3, 7-5

of ALTER INDEX, 7-30

of ALTER TABLE, 7-150

DEBUG clause

of ALTER FUNCTION, 7-28

of ALTER PROCEDURE, 7-68

decimal characters, 2-4

specifying, 2-42

DECIMAL datatype

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 7-211, 7-212

DECODE expressions, 5-12

DEFAULT clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-392

DEFAULT COST clause

DEFAULT profile

assigning to users, 7-494

DEFAULT ROLE clause

of ALTER USER, 7-195

DEFAULT SELECTIVITY clause

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 7-211, 7-212

DEFAULT storage clause

DEFAULT TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

DEFERRABLE clause

deferrable constraints, 7-598

DEFERRED clause

of SET CONSTRAINTS, 7-598

DELETE

object privilege, 7-535

statement, 7-464

DELETE ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-526

DELETE statement

triggers on, 7-429

DELETE STATISTICS clause

of ANALYZE, 7-206

DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE role, 7-530

DENSE_RANK function, 4-29

DEREF function, 4-30

DESC clause

of CREATE INDEX, 7-299

descending indexes, 7-299

DETERMINISTIC clause

changing hierarchical relationships, 7-26

dimensions

attributes

compiling invalidated, 7-27

creating, 7-278

examples, 7-280

granting

system privileges on, 7-522

hierarchies

levels

removing from the database, 7-476

directories. See directory objects

directory objects

as aliases for OS directories, 7-282

auditing, 7-222

creating, 7-282

granting system privileges on, 7-522

redefining, 7-283

removing from the database, 7-477

DISABLE [constraint] clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-406

DISABLE ALL TRIGGERS clause

DISABLE clause

of constraint_clause, 7-245

of CREATE TABLE, 7-405

DISABLE DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY clause

DISABLE NOVALIDATE constraint state, 7-407

DISABLE PARALLEL DML clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-54

DISABLE QUERY REWRITE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT, 7-327

DISABLE RESTRICTED SESSION clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-383, 7-404

DISABLE ROW MOVEMENT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-164

DISABLE STORAGE IN ROW clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-398

DISABLE TABLE LOCK clause

DISABLE VALIDATE constraint state, 7-406

DISABLE THREAD clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-16

DISASSOCIATE STATISTICS statement, 7-470

DISCONNECT SESSION clause

creating additional, 7-114

dispatcher processes

terminating, 7-114

DISTINCT clause

of SELECT, 7-573

distinct queries, 7-573

distributed queries, 5-26

restrictions on, 5-26

DML. See data manipulation language

domain indexes, 7-295, 7-304, 7-309

determining user-defined CPU and I/O costs, 7-512

invoking drop routines for, 7-501

removing from the database, 7-480

specifying alter string for, 7-40

DOUBLE PRECISION datatype

DROP ANY CLUSTER system privilege, 7-521

DRIVING_SITE hint, 2-66

DROP ANY CONTEXT system privilege, 7-521

DROP ANY DIMENSION system privilege, 7-522

DROP ANY DIRECTORY system privilege, 7-522

DROP ANY INDEX system privilege, 7-522

DROP ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 7-522

DROP ANY LIBRARY system privilege, 7-523

DROP ANY MATERIALIZED VIEW system privilege, 7-523

DROP ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 7-524

DROP ANY OUTLINE system privilege, 7-524

DROP ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 7-524

DROP ANY ROLE system privilege, 7-525

DROP ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 7-525

DROP ANY SNAPSHOT system privilege, 7-526

DROP ANY SYNONYM system privilege, 7-526

DROP ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-527

DROP ANY TRIGGER system privilege, 7-527

DROP ANY TYPE system privilege, 7-528

DROP ANY VIEW system privilege, 7-529

DROP clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-27

DROP CLUSTER statement, 7-472

DROP COLUMN clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-147

DROP CONSTRAINT clause

DROP CONTEXT statement, 7-474

DROP DATABASE LINK statement, 7-475

DROP DIMENSION statement, 7-476

DROP DIRECTORY statement, 7-477

DROP FUNCTION statement, 7-478

DROP INDEX statement, 7-480

DROP INDEXTYPE statement, 7-482

DROP JAVA statement, 7-483

DROP LIBRARY

statement, 7-484

system privilege, 7-523

DROP LOGFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-19

DROP LOGFILE MEMBER clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-19

DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW / SNAPSHOT statement, 7-485

DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG statement, 7-487

DROP OPERATOR statement, 7-489

DROP OUTLINE statement, 7-490

DROP PACKAGE BODY statement, 7-491

DROP PACKAGE statement, 7-491

DROP PARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-41

of ALTER TABLE, 7-160

DROP PRIMARY constraint clause

DROP PROCEDURE statement, 7-493

DROP PROFILE

statement, 7-494

DROP PUBLIC DATABASE LINK system privilege, 7-522

DROP PUBLIC SYNONYM system privilege, 7-526

DROP ROLE statement, 7-495

DROP ROLLBACK SEGMENT

statement, 7-496

DROP SEQUENCE statement, 7-497

DROP statement

triggers on, 7-430

DROP STORAGE clause

DROP SYNONYM statement, 7-500

DROP TABLE statement, 7-501

DROP TABLESPACE

statement, 7-503

DROP TRIGGER statement, 7-505

DROP TYPE BODY statement, 7-508

DROP TYPE statement, 7-506

DROP UNIQUE constraint clause

DROP USER

statement, 7-509

DROP VIEW statement, 7-511

DUAL dummy table, 2-73, 5-26

DUMP function, 4-31

DY date format element, 2-46, 2-48

E date format element, 2-46

E number format element, 2-41

EBCDIC character set, 2-34

EE date format element, 2-46

embedded SQL, xv, 1-4, 6-5

precompiler support of, 6-5

EMPTY_BLOB function, 4-33

EMPTY_CLOB function, 4-33

ENABLE ALL TRIGGERS clause

ENABLE clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-405

ENABLE DISTRIBUTED RECOVERY clause

ENABLE NOVALIDATE constraint state, 7-406

ENABLE PARALLEL DML clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-54

ENABLE QUERY REWRITE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT, 7-327

ENABLE RESTRICTED SESSION clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-383, 7-404

ENABLE ROW MOVEMENT clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-164

ENABLE STORAGE IN ROW clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-398

ENABLE TABLE LOCK clause

ENABLE THREAD clause

ENABLE VALIDATE constraint state, 7-406

ENABLE/DISABLE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-137, 7-165

of CREATE TABLE, 7-388

END BACKUP clause

defining for a dimension, 7-280

equality test, 3-5

equijoins, 5-22

equivalency tests, 3-6

ESTIMATE STATISTICS clause

of ANALYZE, 7-204

EXCEPTIONS INTO clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-163

of constraint_clause, 7-245

of CREATE TABLE, 7-407

EXCHANGE PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-162

EXCHANGE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-162

EXCLUDING NEW VALUES clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-337

EXCLUSIVE lock mode, 7-548

EXECUTE ANY INDEXTYPE system privilege, 7-522

EXECUTE ANY OPERATOR system privilege, 7-524

EXECUTE ANY PROCEDURE system privilege, 7-524

EXECUTE ANY TYPE system privilege, 7-528

EXECUTE object privilege, 7-535

EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE role, 7-530

execution plans

determining, 7-512

dropping outlines for, 7-490

EXISTS

EXP_FULL_DATABASE role, 7-530

EXPLAIN PLAN statement, 7-512

explicit data conversion, 2-37, 2-38

expressions

CASE, 5-13

CAST, 5-7

compound, 5-4

computing with the DUAL table, 5-26

CURSOR, 5-10

DECODE, 5-12

function, 5-5

function, built-in, 5-5

type constructor, 5-6

variable, 5-4

extended rowids, 2-27

not directly available, 2-27

EXTENT MANAGEMENT clause

for temporary tablespaces, 7-425

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-420, 7-422

extents

allocating for partitions, 7-150

allocating for subpartitions, 7-150

allocating for tables, 7-150

restricting access by instances, 7-35

specifying maximum number for an object, 7-608

specifying number allocated upon object creation, 7-607

specifying the first for an object, 7-607

specifying the percentage of size increase, 7-607

specifying the second for an object, 7-607

external datatypes

associated with host variables, 2-10

recognized by precompilers, 2-10

external functions, 7-285, 7-354

external LOBs, 2-23

external procedures, 7-354

external users, 7-366, 7-452

FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-87, 7-110

FAST_START_IO_TARGET parameter

FAST_START_PARALLEL_ROLLBACK parameter

specifying as a redo log file group, 7-516

files

specifying as datafiles, 7-516

specifying as tempfiles, 7-516

filespec clause, 7-516

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 7-263

of CREATE DATABASE, 7-268

of CREATE LIBRARY, 7-316

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-419

of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE, 7-424

FIPS compliance, B - 3

FIPS flagging, 7-88

FIRST_ROWS hint, 2-64

FIRST_VALUE function, 4-34

FIXED_DATE parameter

FLAGGER parameter

FLOAT datatype, 2-19

floating-point numbers, 2-19

FLOOR function, 4-35

FLUSH SHARED POOL clause

FM format model modifier, 2-51

FM number format element, 2-41

FOR CATEGORY clause

of CREATE OUTLINE, 7-342

FOR clause

of ANALYZE ... COMPUTE STATISTICS, 7-204

of ANALYZE ... ESTIMATE STATISTICS, 7-204

of CREATE INDEXTYPE, 7-310

of CREATE SYNONYM, 7-378

of EXPLAIN PLAN, 7-514

FOR EACH ROW clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT, 7-327

FOR UPDATE clause

of SELECT, 7-572, 7-580

FORCE ANY TRANSACTION system privilege, 7-529

FORCE CLAUSE

of DROP OPERATOR, 7-489

FORCE clause

of COMMIT, 7-231

of CREATE VIEW, 7-458

of DROP INDEX, 7-481

of DROP INDEXTYPE, 7-482

of DROP TYPE, 7-507

of ROLLBACK, 7-565

FORCE PARALLEL DML clause

FORCE TRANSACTION system privilege, 7-529

FOREIGN KEY clause

of constraint_clause, 7-236, 7-240

foreign key constraints, 7-240

foreign tables

rowids of, 2-27

format models, 2-38

changing the return format, 2-39

date, 2-45

date, changing, 2-45

date, default, 2-45

date, format elements, 2-45

date, maximum length, 2-45

modifiers, 2-51

number, 2-40

number, elements of, 2-41

specifying, 2-40

formats

for dates and numbers. See format models

of return values from the database, 2-38

of values stored in the database, 2-38

free lists

specifying for a table, partition, cluster, or index, 7-608

FREELIST GROUPS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 7-608

FREELISTS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 7-608

FROM clause

of queries, 5-23

of REVOKE system_privileges_and_roles, 7-557

of SELECT, 7-574

FROM COLUMNS clause

FROM FUNCTIONS clause

FROM INDEXES clause

FROM INDEXTYPES clause

FROM PACKAGES clause

FROM PUBLIC clause

FROM role clause

FROM TYPES clause

FROM user clause

function-based indexes, 7-295

FULL hint, 2-65

function expressions

built-in, 5-5

and query rewrite, 7-93

creating, 7-298

disabling, 7-40, 7-116

enabling, 7-37, 7-40, 7-116

functions

See also SQL functions

3GL, calling, 7-316

access to tables and packages, 7-442

avoiding run-time compilation, 7-28

calling, 7-226

changing the declaration of, 7-28

datatype of return value, 7-288

declaring

as a Java method, 7-289

as C functions, 7-289

defining an index on, 7-298

disassociating statistics types from, 7-478

examples, 7-289

executing, 7-226

from parallel query process, 7-288

expressions, 5-5

external, 7-285, 7-354

invalidating local objects dependent on, 7-478

issuing COMMIT or ROLLBACK statements, 7-84

naming rules, 2-74

privileges executed with, 7-188, 7-441

recompiling invalid, 7-28

re-creating, 7-286, 7-312

removing from the database, 7-478

schema executed in, 7-188, 7-441

specification of

in CREATE TYPE, 7-442

specifying schema and user privileges for, 7-288

stored, 7-285

storing return value of, 7-227

using a saved copy of, 7-288

user-defined, 4-118

FUNCTIONS clause

FX format model modifier, 2-51

G number format element, 2-41

GC_DEFER_TIME parameter

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-7, 7-12

general recovery clause

GLOBAL PARTITION BY RANGE clause

GLOBAL QUERY REWRITE system privilege, 7-523, 7-524, 7-526

GLOBAL TEMPORARY clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-391

global users, 7-366, 7-452

GLOBAL_NAMES parameter

globally partitioned indexes, 7-302

GRANT ANY PRIVILEGE system privilege, 7-529

GRANT ANY ROLE system privilege, 7-525

GRANT CONNECT THROUGH clause

of ALTER USER, 7-194, 7-195

GRANT object_privileges, 7-532

GRANT system_privileges_and_roles statement, 7-519

GRAPHIC datatype (SQL/DS or DB2), 2-30

greater than or equal to tests, 3-5

greater than tests, 3-5

GREATEST function, 4-36

GROUP BY clause

of SELECT, 7-578

group comparison conditions, 5-16

GROUPING function, 4-36

hash clusters

creating, 7-257

single-table, creating, 7-257

specifying hash function for, 7-257

HASH hint, 2-65

HASH IS clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-387, 7-402

hash partition

adding, 7-160

hash partitioning clause

HASH_AJ hint, 2-65

HASH_AREA_SIZE parameter

HASH_JOIN_ENABLED parameter

HASH_MULTIBLOCK_IO_COUNT parameter

HASH_SJ hint, 2-65

HASHKEYS clause

of GROUP BY clause, 7-579

HAVING condition

heap-organized tables

creating, 7-390

hexadecimal value

returning, 2-43

HEXTORAW function, 2-37, 4-37

HH date format element, 2-46

HH12 date format element, 2-46

HH24 date format element, 2-46

hierarchical queries, 2-58, 5-20, 7-577

parent nodes of, 2-58

parent rows of, 5-20

hierarchical query clause

adding to a dimension, 7-27

hierarchies

dropping from a dimension, 7-27

of dimensions, defining, 7-279

HIERARCHY clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-25

of CREATE DIMENSION, 7-279

high water mark

of clusters, 7-5

of indexes, 7-35

of tables, 7-150, 7-203

hints, 5-19

in SQL statements, 2-63

passing to the optimizer, 7-616

syntax, 2-64

HS_ADMIN_ROLE role, 7-530

HS_AUTOREGISTER parameter

I date format element, 2-46

IDENTIFIED BY clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE.

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 7-275

IDENTIFIED BY password clause

of CREATE USER, 7-452

IDENTIFIED EXTERNALLY clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

of CREATE USER, 7-452

IDENTIFIED GLOBALLY clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE.

of ALTER USER, 7-195

of CREATE USER, 7-452

of CREATE USERIDENTIFIED BY clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

IDLE_TIME parameter

of SET CONSTRAINTS, 7-598

IMMEDIATE clause

IMP_FULL_DATABASE role, 7-530

implicit data conversion, 2-36, 2-38

IN OUT parameter

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-287

IN parameter

of CREATE function, 7-287

of DROP TABLESPACE, 7-504

INCLUDING clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-154

INCLUDING CONTENTS clause

INCLUDING NEW VALUES clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-337

INCLUDING TABLES clause

of DROP CLUSTER, 7-473

incomplete object types, 7-439

creating, 7-437, 7-439

INCREMENT BY clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

INDEX clause

INDEX object privilege, 7-535

INDEX hint, 2-65

index partitions

changing physical attributes of, 7-36

deallocating unused space from, 7-35

dropping, 7-41

marking UNUSABLE, 7-157

modifying the real characteristics of, 7-41

rebuilding, 7-37

unusable, 7-157

renaming, 7-41

specifying tablespace for, 7-38

splitting, 7-41

index subpartitions

allocating extents for, 7-42

changing physical attributes of, 7-36

deallocating unused space from, 7-35, 7-42

marking UNUSABLE, 7-42

rebuilding, 7-37

renaming, 7-41

specifying tablespace for, 7-38

INDEX_ASC hint, 2-65

INDEX_COMBINE hint, 2-65

INDEX_DESC hint, 2-65

INDEX_FFS hint, 2-65

indexed clusters

creating, 7-257

indexes

allocating new extents for, 7-35

application-specific, 7-309

ascending, 7-299

based on indextypes, 7-304

bitmap, 7-297

changing attributes of, 7-36

collecting statistics on, 7-202

on composite-partitioned tables, 7-303

creating, 7-295

creating as cluster indexes, 7-297

deallocating unused space from, 7-35

descending, 7-299

and query rewrite, 7-299

as function-based indexes, 7-299

disassociating statistics types from, 7-480

domain, 7-295, 7-304, 7-309

dropping index partitions of, 7-480

examples, 7-305

function-based, 7-295

creating, 7-298

globally partitioned, 7-302

granting

system privileges on, 7-522

on hash-partitioned tables, 7-303

key compression of, 7-39, 7-300

locally partitioned, 7-302

logging attributes of, 7-301

logging rebuild operations on, 7-39

marking as UNUSABLE, 7-40

merging contents of index blocks, 7-40

online, 7-301

parallel queries and DML on, 7-36

parallelizing creation of, 7-304

partitioned, 2-70, 7-295

user-defined, 7-302

partitions

adding new, 7-41

marking UNUSABLE, 7-41

physical attributes of, 7-300

on range-partitioned tables, 7-302

rebuilding, 7-37

rebuilding while online, 7-39

removing from the database, 7-480

renaming, 7-40

reverse, 7-38, 7-300

specifying tablespace for, 7-38

statistics on, 7-301

statistics on rebuild, 7-39

storage characteristics of, 7-300, 7-605

tablespace containing, 7-300

unique, 7-296

unsorted, 7-300

validating structure of, 7-206

INDEXES clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-384, 7-396

index-organized table clause

index-organized tables

creating, 7-390, 7-396

modifying, 7-153

rebuilding, 7-144

reserving space in the index block, 7-154

rowids of, 2-27

INDEXTYPE clause

indextypes

disassociating from statistics types, 7-482

creating, 7-309

drop routines, invoking, 7-480

granting

system privileges on, 7-522

indexes based on, 7-304

instances of, 7-295

removing from the database, 7-482

INDEXTYPES clause

forcing rollback of, 7-565

in-doubt transactions

forcing, 7-231

forcing commit of, 7-231

forcing rollback, 7-565

rolling back, 7-564

inequality test, 3-5

INITCAP function, 4-38

INITIAL parameter

INITIALLY DEFERRED clause

INITIALLY IMMEDIATE clause

INITRANS parameter

INSERT ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-527

of CREATE INDEX. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE TABLE, 7-394

INSERT object privilege, 7-535

INSERT statement, 7-539

triggers on, 7-429

INSTANCE parameter

global name resolution for, 7-110

instances

setting parameters for, 7-108

INSTEAD OF clause

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-429

INSTEAD OF triggers, 7-429

INSTR function, 4-38

INSTRB function, 4-39

INT datatype (ANSI), 2-28

INTEGER datatype

INTERSECT set operator, 3-13, 7-579

integers

generating unique, 7-371

integrity constraints. See constraints

internal LOBs, 2-23

International Standards Organization. See ISO

INTO clause

of EXPLAIN PLAN, 7-513

of INSERT, 7-540

INTO host_variable clause

of CALL, 7-227

invoker rights clause

of ALTER JAVA, 7-46

of CREATE PROCEDURE, 7-353

of CREATE PACKAGE, 7-344

of CREATE TYPE, 7-188, 7-441

IS NOT NULL operator, 3-7

IS NULL operator, 3-7

ISO, B - 1

standards, xv, 1-2, B - 1

ISOLATION LEVEL READ COMMITTED clause

ISOLATION LEVEL SERIALIZABLE clause

IW date format element, 2-46

ISOLATION_LEVEL parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-89

IY date format element, 2-46

IYY date format element, 2-46

IYYY date format element, 2-46

J date format element, 2-46

Java class schema object

creating, 7-312, 7-313

dropping, 7-483

resolving, 7-45, 7-312

JAVA clause

mapping to an object type, 7-442

Java method

Java resource schema object

creating, 7-312, 7-313

dropping, 7-483

Java schema object

name resolution of, 7-314

Java source schema object

compiling, 7-45, 7-312

creating, 7-312, 7-313

dropping, 7-483

JOB_QUEUE_PROCESSES parameter

of CREATE DIMENSION, 7-280

JOIN KEY clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-26

join views

modifying, 7-466, 7-541, 7-618

conditions

self, 5-23

without join conditions, 5-23

Julian day, specifying, 2-47

key compression, 7-39, 7-300, 7-397

disabling, 7-39, 7-300

of index rebuild, 7-144

of indexes, 7-39, 7-300

disabling, 7-39

of index-organized tables, 7-397

keywords, 2-73

in syntax diagrams, xxi

optional, A-2

required, A-1

KILL SESSION clause

L number format element, 2-41

LAG function, 4-40

LANGUAGE clause

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-289

of CREATE DIMENSION, 7-279

large objects. See LOBs

LAST_DAY function, 4-41

LAST_VALUE function, 4-42

LEAD function, 4-44

LEAST function, 4-45

LENGTH function, 4-45

LENGTHB function, 4-46

less than tests, 3-5

LEVEL clause

of ALTER DIMENSION, 7-25

LEVEL pseudocolumn, 2-58, 7-577

and hierarchical queries, 2-58

levels

adding to a dimension, 7-27

dropping from a dimension, 7-27

of dimensions, defining, 7-279

libraries

creating, 7-316

granting

system privileges on, 7-523

re-creating, 7-316

removing from the database, 7-484

library units. See Java schema objects

LICENSE_MAX_SESSIONS parameter

LICENSE_MAX_USERS parameter

LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING parameter

linear regression functions, 4-71

LIKE conditions, 5-18

LIKE operator, 3-8

LIST CHAINED ROWS clause

of ANALYZE, 7-207

literals

in SQL statements and functions, 2-2

in SQL syntax, 2-2

LN function, 4-46

LOB datatypes, 2-23

LOB index clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-47, 7-51

of CREATE TABLE, 7-399

LOB storage clause

for partitions, 7-142

of CREATE TABLE, 7-385, 7-398

LOBs

attributes

initializing, 2-24

columns

difference from LONG and LONG RAW, 2-23

locators, 2-23, 7-399

logging attribute of, 7-395

modifying physical attributes of, 7-146

number of bytes manipulated in, 7-399

specifying directories for, 7-282

storage

characteristics, 7-394, 7-398

in-line, 7-398

outside of row, 7-398

tablespace for

defining, 7-394

LOCAL clause

storage characteristics, 7-606

local users, 7-366, 7-452

locally managed tablespaces

locally partitioned indexes, 7-302

LOCK ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-527

LOCK TABLE statement, 7-547

locking

automatic

overriding, 7-547

locks. See table locks

LOG function, 4-47

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-89, 7-112

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n parameter

LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-89

LOG_ARCHIVE_DUPLEX_DEST parameter

LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESSES parameter

LOG_ARCHIVE_MIN_SUCCEED_DEST parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-89

LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE parameter

LOG_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL parameter

LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT parameter

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-114

LOGFILE clause

OF CREATE DATABASE, 7-269

logfile clauses

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9

LOGFILE GROUP clause

specifying minimal, 7-395

logging

and redo log size, 7-396

LOGGING clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-36

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-50

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 7-60

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 7-178

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-421

of CREATE TABLE, 7-395

logical operators, 3-11

LOGICAL_READS_PER_CALL parameter

LOGICAL_READS_PER_SESSION parameter

converting to LOB columns, 2-19, 2-22

LOGOFF

LOGOFF event

LOGON

LOGON event

LONG columns

restrictions on, 2-20

to store text strings, 2-19

to store view definitions, 2-19

where referenced from, 2-20

LONG datatype, 2-19

in triggers, 2-20

LONG RAW

data

converting from CHAR data, 2-23

datatype, 2-22

LONG VARCHAR datatype

LONG VARGRAPHIC datatype (SQL/DS or DB2), 2-30

LOWER function, 4-47

LPAD function, 4-48

LTRIM function, 4-48

MAKE_REF function, 4-49

MANAGE TABLESPACE system privilege, 7-527

managed recovery

of database, 7-8

MANAGED STANDBY RECOVERY clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-14

MAP MEMBER clause

of CREATE TYPE, 7-443, 7-449

MAP methods

specifying, 7-189

master databases, 7-320

master tables, 7-320

materialized join views, 7-335

materialized view logs, 7-334

creating, 7-334

excluding new values from, 7-61

logging changes to, 7-60

parallelizing creation of, 7-336

partition attributes

physical attributes

removing from the database, 7-487

required for fast refresh, 7-334

saving new values in, 7-61

saving old values in, 7-337

storage characteristics

specifying, 7-336

materialized views

allowing update of, 7-327

complete refresh, 7-52, 7-325

constraints on, 7-244

creating, 7-320

creating comments about, 7-228

for data warehousing, 7-320

degree of parallelism, 7-51, 7-60

during creation, 7-323

detail table of, dropping, 7-486

enabling and disabling query rewrite, 7-327

examples, 7-329, 7-337

fast refresh, 7-52, 7-324, 7-325

forced refresh, 7-53

from existing tables, 7-323

granting

system privileges on, 7-523

index characteristics

changing, 7-51

indexes that maintain, 7-324

join, 7-335

LOB storage characteristics of, 7-51

logging changes to, 7-50

partitions of, 7-51

physical and storage attributes

changing, 7-50

physical attributes of, 7-322

primary key, 7-326

recording values in master table, 7-61

query rewrite

eligibility for, 7-244

enabling and disabling, 7-54

re-creating during refresh, 7-52

refresh mode

changing, 7-52

refresh time

changing, 7-52

refreshing after DML on master table, 7-53, 7-325

refreshing on next COMMIT, 7-53, 7-325

removing from the database, 7-485

for replication, 7-320

retrieving data from, 7-572

revalidating, 7-54

rowid, 7-326

rowid values

recording in master table, 7-61

saving blocks in a cache, 7-51

storage characteristics of, 7-322

subquery, 7-328

when to populate, 7-323

MAX function, 4-50

MAX_DUMP_FILE_SIZE parameter

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-114

MAXDATAFILES parameter

MAXEXTENTS parameter

of STORAGE clause, 7-608

MAXINSTANCES parameter

MAXLOGFILES parameter

MAXLOGHISTORY parameter

MAXLOGMEMBERS parameter

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-420

MAXSIZE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-10

of CREATE DATABASE, 7-268

of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE, 7-424

MAXTRANS parameter

of CREATE INDEX. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE TABLE, 7-394

MAXVALUE clause

sustained standby recovery, 7-14

MAXVALUE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

media recovery

disabling, 7-17

of database, 7-12

of datafiles, 7-12

of standby database, 7-12

of tablespaces, 7-12

parallelizing, 7-15

restrictions, 7-13

MEMBER clause

of CREATE TYPE BODY, 7-448

of CREATE TYPE, 7-441

membership conditions, 5-17

MERGE hint, 2-67

MERGE PARTITIONS clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-162

MERGE_AJ hint, 2-65

MERGE_SJ hint, 2-65

MI date format element, 2-46

MI number format element, 2-41

migrated rows

listing, 7-207

MIN function, 4-52

MINEXTENTS parameter

MINIMIZE RECORDS PER BLOCK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-153

MINIMUM EXTENT clause

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-421

MINUS set operator, 3-13, 7-579

MINVALUE

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

MINVALUE clause

MM date format element, 2-46

MOD function, 4-53

MODE clause

of LOCK TABLE, 7-548

MODIFY clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-143

MODIFY CONSTRAINT clause

MODIFY DEFAULT ATTRIBUTES clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-155

MODIFY LOB clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-48, 7-51

MODIFY LOB storage clause

MODIFY NESTED TABLE clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-145

MODIFY PARTITION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-34, 7-42

of ALTER TABLE, 7-156

MODIFY SUBPARTITION clause

MODIFY VARRAY clause

modifying space for each cluster key, 7-4

MON date format element, 2-46, 2-48

MONITORING clause

MONTH date format element, 2-46, 2-48

MONTHS_BETWEEN function, 4-54

MOUNT clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-11

MOVE clause

MOVE ONLINE clause

MOVE PARTITION clause

MOVE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-158

MTS_DISPATCHERS parameter

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-114

MTS_SERVERS parameter

multi-threaded server

system parameters, 7-114

NAMED clause

and object naming rules, 2-73

namespaces

for nonschema objects, 2-74

for schema objects, 2-73

NATIONAL CHAR datatype (ANSI), 2-28

NATIONAL CHAR VARYING datatype (ANSI), 2-28

NATIONAL CHARACTER datatype (ANSI), 2-28

national character set

fixed vs. variable width, 2-15, 2-16

multibyte character data, 2-26

multibyte character sets, 2-15, 2-16

variable-length strings, 2-16

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET clause

of CREATE DATABASE, 7-271

NATIONAL CHARACTER SET parameter

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-16

NATIONAL CHARACTER VARYING datatype

national language support. See NLS

NCHAR datatype, 2-15

NCHAR VARYING datatype (ANSI), 2-28

NCLOB datatype, 2-26

transactional support of, 2-26

negative scale, 2-18

NESTED TABLE clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-386, 7-400

nested table types, 2-31

compared with varrays, 2-35

comparison rules, 2-35

creating, 7-439

dropping the body of, 7-508

dropping the specification of, 7-506

modifying, 7-145

nested tables

changing returned value, 7-145

creating, 7-444

defining as index-organized tables, 7-142

storage characteristics of, 7-142, 7-400

NEW_TIME function, 4-55

NEXT clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW...REFRESH, 7-53

NEXT parameter

NEXTVAL pseudocolumn, 2-56, 7-372

NEXT_DAY function, 4-55

NLS parameters

NLS_CALENDAR parameter

NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN function, 4-56

NLS_CHARSET_ID function, 4-56

NLS_CHARSET_NAME function, 4-57

NLS_COMP parameter

NLS_CURRENCY parameter

NLS_DATE_FORMAT parameter

NLS_DATE_LANGUAGE parameter, 2-48

NLS_INITCAP function, 4-58

NLS_ISO_CURRENCY parameter

NLS_LANGUAGE parameter, 2-48, 5-21

NLS_LOWER function, 4-59

NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS parameter

NLS_SORT parameter, 5-21

NLS_TERRITORY parameter, 2-48

NLS_UNION_CURRENCY parameter

NO_PUSH_JOIN_PRED hint, 2-67

NLS_UPPER function, 4-60

NLSSORT function, 4-59

NO_EXPAND hint, 2-65

NO_INDEX hint, 2-65

NO_MERGE hint, 2-67

NOAPPEND hint, 2-67

NOARCHIVELOG clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-9, 7-18

NOAUDIT schema_objects statement, 7-552

NOAUDIT sql_statements statement, 7-550

NOCACHE clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

of ALTER TABLE, 7-151

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

NOCACHE hint, 2-67

NOCOMPRESS clause

NOCOPY clause

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-287

NOCYCLE clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 7-81

NOFORCE clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-50

of CREATE VIEW, 7-458

NOLOGGING clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-36

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 7-60

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 7-178

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-421

of CREATE TABLE, 7-395

NOMAXVALUE clause

NOMAXVALUE parameter

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

NOMINIMIZE RECORDS PER BLOCK clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-153

NOMINVALUE clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE, 7-81

NOMONITORING clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-409

NONE clause

nonequivilancy tests, 3-6

nonschema objects

list of, 2-69

namespaces, 2-74

NOORDER clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

NOPARALLEL clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

NOPARALLEL_INDEX hint, 2-67

of CREATE TABLE, 7-405

NOPARALLEL hint, 2-67

NORELY clause

NORESETLOGS clause

NOREWRITE hint, 2-65

NOSORT clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-300

NOT DEFERRABLE clause

NOT IDENTIFIED clause

of ALTER ROLE. See CREATE ROLE

of constraint_clause, 7-239

NOT IN operator, 3-7

NOT NULL clause

NOT NULL constraints, 7-239

not null constraints, 7-239

NOT operator, 3-11

NOWAIT clause

of LOCK TABLE, 7-548

NTILE function, 4-61

null, 2-54

difference from zero, 2-54

in conditions, 2-55

table of, 2-55

in functions, 2-54

with comparison operators, 2-55

NULL clause

of constraint_clause, 7-239

NULL conditions, 5-18

NUMBER datatype, 2-17

converting to VARCHAR2, 2-40

precision, 2-17

scale, 2-17

number format models, 2-40

number functions, 4-4

numbers

comparison rules, 2-32

floating-point, 2-17, 2-19

NUMERIC datatype (ANSI), 2-28

NUMTODSINTERVAL function, 4-62

NUMTOYMINTERVAL function, 4-63

NVARCHAR2 datatype, 2-16

NVL function, 4-64

NVL2 function, 4-65

object access expressions, 5-11

object cache, 7-91, 7-115

OBJECT IDENTIFIER clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-401

object identifiers

contained in REFs, 2-31

of object views, 7-459

primary key, 7-401

specifying, 7-401

specifying an index on, 7-402

system-generated, 7-401

object privileges

granting, 7-365

multiple, 7-369

on specific columns, 7-533

on a database object

on a directory

revoking

all, from a user, 7-560

from a role, 7-559, 7-560

from a user, 7-559, 7-560

from all users, 7-561

from PUBLIC, 7-560

object reference functions, 4-12

object tables

adding rows to, 7-540

object type bodies

object type tables

object type values

comparing, 7-443, 7-449

object types, 2-30

adding new member subprograms, 7-188

associating functions or procedures, 7-188

attributes, 2-82

comparison rules, 2-35

MAP function, 2-35

ORDER function, 2-35

compiling the specification and body, 7-187

components of, 2-30

creating, 7-437, 7-439

defining member methods of, 7-448

disassociating statistics types from, 7-506

dropping the body of, 7-508

dropping the specification of, 7-506

function subprogram

declaring, 7-449

function subprogram of

specifying, 7-442

function subprograms of, 7-441, 7-448

granting system privileges on, 7-528

incomplete, 7-437, 7-439

methods, 2-82

nested table, 7-439

procedure subprogram

declaring, 7-449

procedure subprogram of

specifying, 7-442

procedure subprograms of, 7-441, 7-448

SQL examples, 7-444

statistics types, 7-211

user-defined

creating, 7-440

varrays, 7-439

object views

adding rows to the base table of, 7-540

defining, 7-456

OBJECT_CACHE_MAX_SIZE_PERCENT parameter

OBJECT_CACHE_OPTIMAL_SIZE parameter

of ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 7-79

objects. See object types or database objects

OF clause

of CREATE VIEW, 7-459

OF object_type clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-391

OFFLINE clause

OIDINDEX clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-402

OIDs. See object identifiers

ON clause

of CREATE OUTLINE, 7-342

ON COMMIT clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-401

ON DATABASE clause

ON DEFAULT clause

of NOAUDIT schema_objects, 7-552

ON DELETE CASCADE clause

ON DELETE SET NULL clause

ON DIRECTORY clause

of NOAUDIT schema_objects, 7-552

of REVOKE schema_object_privileges, 7-560

ON JAVA RESOURCE clause

ON JAVA SOURCE clause

ON NESTED TABLE clause

ON object clause

of NOAUDIT schema_objects, 7-552

ON PREBUILT TABLE clause

ON SCHEMA clause

of ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 7-78

ONLINE clause

online indexes, 7-301

rebuilding, 7-144

online redo logs

reinitializing, 7-19

OPEN NORESETLOGS clause

OPEN READ ONLY clause

OPEN READ WRITE clause

OPEN RESETLOGS clause

system privileges on, 7-524

granting

unary, 3-1

binding to a function, 7-340

creating, 7-340

dropping, 7-489

function providing implementation, 7-341

how bindings are implemented, 7-341

implementation type, 7-341

return type of binding, 7-340

OPTIMAL parameter

of STORAGE clause, 7-368, 7-608

optimization

setting session parameters, 7-92

OPTIMIZER_INDEX_CACHING parameter

OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-92, 7-115

OPTIMIZER_MAX_PERMUTATIONS parameter

OPTIMIZER_MODE parameter

OPTIMIZER_PERCENT_PARALLEL parameter

of CREATE DIRECTORY, 7-283

OR operator, 3-11, 3-12

OR REPLACE clause

of CREATE CONTEXT, 7-261

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-286, 7-312

of CREATE LIBRARY, 7-316

of CREATE OUTLINE, 7-342

of CREATE PACKAGE, 7-345

of CREATE PACKAGE BODY, 7-349

of CREATE TYPE BODY, 7-448

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-428

of CREATE TYPE, 7-440

of CREATE VIEW, 7-458

Oracle reserved words, C -1

Oracle Tools

support of SQL, 1-5

Oracle8i

Enterprise Edition

features and functionality, xv

new features, xvi

ORDER BY clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-409

of queries, 5-21

of SELECT, 5-21, 7-571, 7-580

with ROWNUM, 2-61

of subqueries in CREATE TABLE, 7-409

ORDER clause

of ALTER SEQUENCE. See CREATE SEQUENCE

ORDER MEMBER clause

of CREATE TYPE BODY, 7-449

of CREATE TYPE, 7-443

ORDER methods

specifying, 7-189

ORDERED hint, 2-66

ORDERED_PREDICATES hint, 2-65

ordinal numbers

specifying, 2-51

spelling out, 2-51

ORGANIZATION HEAP clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-396

ORGANIZATION INDEX clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-396

OUT parameter

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-287

assigning to a different category, 7-63

outer joins, 5-23, 7-577

restrictions, 5-23

outlines

automatically creating and storing, 7-109

creating, 7-342

dropping from the database, 7-490

enabling and disabling dynamically, 7-342

granting

system privileges on, 7-524

rebuilding, 7-63

renaming, 7-63

replacing, 7-342

storing during the session, 7-86

storing for the instance, 7-118

use by the optimizer, 7-95, 7-118

used to generate execution plans, 7-342

OVERFLOW clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-34

of ALTER TABLE, 7-154

removing from the database, 7-491

package bodies

creating, 7-348

recompiling, 7-64

re-creating, 7-349

PACKAGE clause

packaged procedures

dropping, 7-493

packages

avoiding run-time compilation, 7-64

changing the declaration of, 7-64

creating, 7-344

disassociating statistics types from, 7-492

invoker rights, 7-345

recompiling, 7-64

redefining, 7-64, 7-345

removing from the database, 7-491

specifying schema and privileges of, 7-345

PACKAGES clause

of ALTER CLUSTER, 7-3, 7-5

PARALLEL clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-48, 7-51

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 7-59, 7-60

of ALTER TABLE, 7-164

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-334

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

of CREATE TABLE, 7-388, 7-405

parallel execution

of DDL statements, 7-84

of DML statements, 7-84

PARALLEL hint, 2-67

PARALLEL_ADAPTIVE_MULTI_USER parameter

PARALLEL_BROADCAST_ENABLED parameter

PARALLEL_ENABLE clause

PARALLEL_INDEX hint, 2-67

PARALLEL_INSTANCE_GROUP parameter

of ALTER SESSION parameter, 7-92

PARALLEL_MIN_PERCENT parameter

PARALLEL_THREADS_PER_CPU parameter

parameters

in syntax diagrams, xxi

optional, A-2

required, A-1

PARAMETERS clause

PARTITION ... LOB storage clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-386, 7-403

PARTITION BY HASH clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-402

PARTITION BY RANGE clause

PARTITION clause

of ANALYZE, 7-203

of CREATE TABLE, 7-403

PARTITION_VIEW_ENABLED parameter

partitioned indexes, 2-70, 7-295, 7-302

user-defined, 7-302

partitioned tables, 2-70

partition-extended table names, 2-70

in DML statements, 2-71

restrictions on, 2-71

syntax, 2-71

partitioning

by range, 7-386

clauses

of ALTER INDEX, 7-32

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-48, 7-51

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG, 7-59, 7-60

of ALTER TABLE, 7-155

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-334

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

partitions

PASSWORD EXPIRE clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

PASSWORD_GRACE_TIME parameter

PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME parameter

PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME parameter

PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX parameter

PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME parameter

PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION parameter

passwords

expiration of, 7-453

parameters

of ALTER PROFILE, 7-363

of CREATE PROFILE, 7-360

PCTFREE parameter

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT. See CREATE TABLE.

PCTINCREASE parameter

PCTTHRESHOLD parameter

of ALTER TABLE, 7-154

PCTUSED parameter

of CREATE INDEX. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT. See CREATE TABLE.

of LOB storage clause, 7-142

PCTVERSION parameter

of CREATE TABLE, 7-399

PERCENT_RANK function, 4-66

PERMANENT clause

physical attributes clause

of a constraint, 7-236

of ALTER CLUSTER, 7-2

of ALTER TABLE, 7-145

of CREATE CLUSTER, 7-254

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-334

of CREATE TABLE, 7-384, 7-393

plan stability, 7-342

PLAN_TABLE sample table, 7-512

PL/SQL, xv

blocks

syntax of, xxiii

compatibility with earlier releases, 7-93, 7-116

program body

of CREATE FUNCTION, 7-289

PLSQL_V2_COMPATIBILITY parameter

PM (P.M.) date format element, 2-46, 2-48

POWER function, 4-67

PQ_DISTRIBUTE hint, 2-67

PR number format element, 2-41

PRAGMA clause

of CREATE TYPE, 7-438, 7-442

PRAGMA RESTRICT_REFERENCES, 7-189, 7-442

precedence

of operators, 3-2

precision

number of digits of, 2-4

of NUMBER datatype, 2-17

precompilers

Oracle, 1-4

PRESERVE SNAPSHOT LOG clause

of constraint_clause, 7-239

PRIMARY KEY clause

primary key constraints, 7-239

generating values for, 7-371

index on, 7-407

primary keys

PRIOR operator, 3-16

PRIVATE_SGA parameter

privileges. See system privileges or object privileges

procedures

PROFILE clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

assigning to a user, 7-453

profiles

creating, 7-360

examples, 7-363

deassigning from users, 7-494

granting

system privileges on, 7-524

modifying, examples, 7-71

removing from the database, 7-494

proxy clause

of ALTER USER, 7-194, 7-195

PUBLIC clause

of CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 7-367

of CREATE SYNONYM, 7-378

of DROP DATABASE LINK, 7-475

public database links

dropping, 7-475

public rollback segments, 7-367

public synonyms, 7-378

dropping, 7-500

PURGE SNAPSHOT LOG clause

Q date format element, 2-46

PUSH_JOIN_PRED hint, 2-67

PUSH_SUBQ hint, 2-67

queries, 5-19, 7-572

query rewrite

and dimensions, 7-278

and function-based indexes, 7-93

and rule-based optimization, 7-93

consistency level, 7-93, 7-116

defined, 7-572

disabling, 7-93, 7-116

enabling, 7-93, 7-116

QUERY REWRITE system privilege, 7-523, 7-526

QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED parameter

QUERY_REWRITE_INTEGRITY parameter

QUOTA clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

RATIO_TO_REPORT function, 4-68

range conditions, 5-18

range partition

adding, 7-158

creating, 7-403

RANK function, 4-67

RAW data

converting from CHAR data, 2-23

RAW datatype, 2-22

RAWTOHEX function, 2-37, 4-69

READ object privilege, 7-535

READ ONLY clause

of SET TRANSACTION, 7-602

READ WRITE clause

REAL datatype

of ALTER INDEX, 7-32, 7-37

REBUILD clause

of ALTER OUTLINE, 7-63

REBUILD COMPRESS clause

REBUILD COMPUTE STATISTICS clause

REBUILD LOGGING clause

REBUILD NOCOMPRESS clause

REBUILD NOLOGGING clause

REBUILD NOREVERSE clause

REBUILD ONLINE clause

REBUILD PARAMETERS clause

REBUILD PARTITION clause

REBUILD REVERSE clause

REBUILD SUBPARTITION clause

REBUILD TABLESPACE clause

REBUILD UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES clause

RECOVER AUTOMATIC clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-13

RECOVER CANCEL clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-7, 7-12

RECOVER clause

RECOVER CONTINUE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-7, 7-13

RECOVER DATABASE clause

RECOVER DATAFILE clause

RECOVER LOGFILE clause

RECOVER MANAGED STANDBY DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-8

RECOVER STANDBY DATABASE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-13

RECOVER STANDBY DATAFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-14

RECOVER STANDBY TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-14

RECOVER TABLESPACE clause

distributed, enabling, 7-106

RECOVERABLE, 7-37, 7-396

See also LOGGING clause

recovery

of database, 7-7

RECOVERY_CATALOG_OWNER role, 7-530

redo logs

adding, 7-18

automatic archiving of, 7-103

automatic name generation, 7-13

disabling specified threads in a parallel server, 7-16

dropping, 7-19

enabling specified threads in a parallel server, 7-15

members

adding to existing groups, 7-18

for media recovery, 7-14

switching groups, 7-107

REF columns

specifying, 7-393

specifying from table or column level, 7-393

REF function, 4-70

REFERENCES clause

REFERENCES object privilege, 7-535

references to objects. See REFs

REFERENCING clause

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-427, 7-432

referential integrity constraints, 7-239, 7-241

REFRESH clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-48, 7-52

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-52

REFRESH COMPLETE clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-52

REFRESH FAST clause

REFRESH FORCE clause

REFRESH ON COMMIT clause

REFRESH ON DEMAND clause

as containers for OIDs, 2-31

REFs, 2-31, 7-242

dangling, 7-206

validating, 7-206

REFTOHEX function, 4-70

REGR_AVGX function, 4-71

REGR_AVGY function, 4-71

REGR_COUNT function, 4-71

REGR_INTERCEPT function, 4-71

REGR_R2 function, 4-71

REGR_SLOPE function, 4-71

REGR_SXX function, 4-71

REGR_SXY function, 4-71

REGR_SYY function, 4-71

relational tables

creating, 7-381

RELY clause

REMOTE_DEPENDENCIES_MODE parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-94

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-117

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE parameter

and control files, 7-264

and databases, 7-269

RENAME clause

of ALTER TABLESPACE, 7-179

of ALTER OUTLINE, 7-63

of ALTER TABLE, 7-153

RENAME DATAFILE clause

RENAME FILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-6, 7-15

RENAME GLOBAL_NAME clause

RENAME PARTITION clause

RENAME statement, 7-554

RENAME SUBPARTITION clause

REPLACE AS OBJECT clause

reserved words, 2-73, C -1

REPLACE function, 4-78

RESET COMPATIBILITY clause

RESETLOGS parameter

of ALTER JAVA SOURCE, 7-46

RESOLVE clause

of ALTER JAVA CLASS, 7-46

of CREATE JAVA, 7-312

RESOLVER clause

of ALTER JAVA CLASS, 7-46

resource parameters

of CREATE PROFILE, 7-359

RESOURCE role, 7-530

RESOURCE_LIMIT parameter

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-117

RESOURCE_MANAGER_PLAN parameter

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-117

RESTRICT_REFERENCES pragma

compatibility and migration of, 2-27

restricted rowids, 2-26

RESTRICTED SESSION system privilege, 7-525

RESUME clause

RETURN clause

of CREATE TYPE BODY, 7-449

of CREATE OPERATOR, 7-340

RETURNING clause

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 7-264

of INSERT, 7-540, 7-544

of UPDATE, 7-616, 7-620

REUSE clause

of filespec clause, 7-517

REUSE STORAGE clause

REVERSE clause

of ALTER USER, 7-194, 7-195

reverse indexes, 7-300

REVOKE CONNECT THROUGH clause

REVOKE schema_object_privileges statement, 7-559

REVOKE system_privileges_and_roles statement, 7-556

REWRITE hint, 2-65

RM date format element, 2-46

RN number format element, 2-41

RNDS parameter

RNPS parameter

bringing online, 7-78, 7-368

roles

rollback segments

changing storage characteristics, 7-78

creating, 7-367

granting

system privileges on, 7-525

multiple, 7-368

public, 7-367

reducing size, 7-78

removing from the database, 7-496

specifying optimal size of, 7-608

specifying tablespaces for, 7-367

SQL examples, 7-368

storage characteristics, 7-368, 7-605

taking offline, 7-78

ROLLBACK statement, 7-564

ROLLUP operation

of queries and subqueries, 7-578

ROUND function

date function, 4-79

format models, 4-117

number function, 4-79

routines

calling, 7-226

executing, 7-226

ROW EXCLUSIVE lock mode, 7-548

ROW SHARE lock mode, 7-548

ROW_NUMBER function, 4-80

ROWID datatype, 2-26

ROWID hint, 2-65

ROWID pseudocolumn, 2-26, 2-27, 2-59

rowids

block portion of, 2-26

description of, 2-26

extended, 2-27

not directly available, 2-27

file portion of, 2-26

nonphysical, 2-27

of foreign tables, 2-27

of index-organized tables, 2-27

restricted, 2-26

compatibility and migration of, 2-27

row portion of, 2-26

uses for, 2-60

ROWIDTOCHAR function, 2-37, 4-81

ROWNUM pseudocolumn, 2-60

uses for, 2-61

rows

adding to a table, 7-540

allowing movement of between partitions, 7-383

inserting

into partitions, 7-542

into remote databases, 7-542

into subpartitions, 7-542

movement between partitions, 7-404

order of storage, 7-396

removing

from a cluster, 7-611

from a table, 7-611

from partitions and subpartitions, 7-466

from tables and views, 7-465

selecting in hierarchical order, 5-20

specifying constraints on, 7-241

stored in ascending order, 7-244

storing if in violation of constraints, 7-163, 7-245, 7-407

RPAD function, 4-82

RR date format element, 2-46, 2-49

interpreting, 2-49

RRRR date format element, 2-46

RTRIM function, 4-82

RULE hint, 2-64

run-time compilation

avoiding, 7-67, 7-198

S number format element, 2-41

SALES sample table, 4-3

SAMPLE clause

of SELECT, 7-574

of SELECT and subqueries, 7-570

SAVEPOINT statement, 7-567

savepoints

erasing, 7-230

rolling back to, 7-565

specifying, 7-567

scale

greater than precision, 2-18

negative, 2-18

of NUMBER datatype, 2-17

SCC date format element, 2-46

SCHEMA clause

changing for a session, 7-87

schema objects, 2-68

schemas

creating, 7-369

definition of, 2-68

scientific notation, 2-42

SCOPE clause

of column ref constraints, 7-242

scope constraints, 7-242

segment attributes clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-383, 7-393

SELECT

object privilege, 7-535

statement, 7-569

SELECT ANY SEQUENCE system privilege, 7-525

SELECT ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-527

select lists, 5-19

ordering, 5-21

SELECT statement, 5-19

SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE role, 7-530

self joins, 5-23

sequences, 2-56, 7-372

SERVERERROR event

triggers on, 7-431

service name

of remote database, 7-275

session control statements, 6-5

PL/SQL support of, 6-5

session locks

releasing, 7-107

SESSION_CACHED_CURSORS parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-94

SESSION_ROLES view, 7-600

sessions

calculating resource cost limits, 7-73

changing resource cost limits, 7-73

disconnecting, 7-106

global name resolution for, 7-88

granting

system privileges on, 7-525

limiting resource costs, 7-73

modifying characteristics of, 7-86

number of concurrent, 7-111

object cache, 7-91

restricted, 7-106

terminating, 7-107

SESSIONS_PER_USER parameter

SET clause

of ALTER SESSION, 7-86

SET CONSTRAINT(S) statement, 7-598

of UPDATE, 7-619

SET DATABASE clause

of CREATE CONTROLFILE, 7-264

set operators, 3-12, 7-579

SET ROLE statement, 7-600

SET STATEMENT_ID clause

of EXPLAIN PLAN, 7-513

SET TRANSACTION statement, 7-602

SET UNUSED clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-147

SGA. See system global area

SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE lock mode, 7-548

SHARE UPDATE lock mode, 7-548

SHARED clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 7-274

shared server processes

creating additional, 7-114

terminating, 7-114

SHRINK clause

of ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 7-79

SHUTDOWN event

triggers on, 7-431

SIGN function, 4-83

simple comparison conditions, 5-16

simple expressions, 5-3

SIN function, 4-83

SINGLE TABLE clause

single-row functions, 4-4

miscellaneous, 4-6

SINH function, 4-84

SIZE clause

of filespec clause, 7-517

SKIP_UNUSABLE_INDEXES parameter

of ALTER SESSION, 7-94

SMALLINT datatype

snapshot logs. See materialized view logs

snapshots. See materialized views

SNMPAGENT role, 7-530

SOME operator, 3-6

SORT_AREA_RETAINED_SIZE parameter

SORT_AREA_SIZE parameter

SORT_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT parameter

SP date format element suffix, 2-51

SOUNDEX function, 4-84

SPECIFICATION clause

of ALTER INDEX, 7-34, 7-41

spelled numbers

specifying, 2-51

SPLIT PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-161

SPTH date format element suffix, 2-51

SQL

Oracle Tools support of, 1-5

parameters, A-1

standards, 1-2, B - 1

statements

auditing, 7-215

determining the cost of, 7-512

syntax, 7-1, A-1

SQL function

ACOS, 4-13

SQL functions

ABS, 4-12

ASIN, 4-15

ATAN, 4-15

ATAN2, 4-16

AVG, 4-16

BFILENAME, 4-17

CEIL, 4-18

character

returning character values, 4-4

returning number values, 4-5

CHR, 4-19

CORR, 4-22

COS, 4-23

COSH, 4-24

date, 4-5

DUMP, 4-31

EXP, 4-33

LAG, 4-40

LEAD, 4-44

linear regression, 4-71

LN, 4-46

LOG, 4-47

LOWER, 4-47

LPAD, 4-48

LTRIM, 4-48

MAKE_REF, 4-49

MAX, 4-50

MIN, 4-52

MOD, 4-53

MONTHS_BETWEEN, 4-54

NEW_TIME, 4-55

NEXT_DAY, 4-55

NLS_CHARSET_DECL_LEN, 4-56

NLS_CHARSET_ID, 4-56

NLS_CHARSET_NAME, 4-57

NLV2, 4-65

NUMTODSINTERVAL, 4-62

NUMTOYMINTERVAL, 4-63

NVL, 4-64

object reference, 4-12

PERCENT_RANK, 4-66

POWER, 4-67

RANK, 4-67

RATIO_TO_REPORT, 4-68

REF, 4-70

RPAD, 4-82

SIGN, 4-83

SIN, 4-83

SINH, 4-84

SQRT, 4-85

SUM, 4-91

TAN, 4-98

TANH, 4-99

TO_CHAR (date), 4-99

TO_CHAR (number), 4-100

TO_SINGLE_BYTE, 4-104

TRANSLATE, 4-105

TRANSLATE...USING, 4-106

TRIM, 4-107

TRUNC (date), 4-109

TRUNC (number), 4-108

UID, 4-109

SQL statements

auditing

determining the execution plan for, 7-512

rolling back, 7-564

tracking the occurrence in a session, 7-213

undoing, 7-564

SQL_TRACE parameter

Oracle compliance with, B - 2

SQL92, 1-2

SQL/DS datatypes, 2-28

conversion to Oracle datatypes, 2-29

restrictions on, 2-30

SQRT function, 4-85

SS date format element, 2-46

SSSSS date format element, 2-46

standalone procedures

dropping, 7-493

standard SQL, B - 1

Oracle extensions to, B - 5

standby control file

creating, 7-20

standby database

activating, 7-11

mounting, 7-11

recovering, 7-13, 7-14

STANDBY_ARCHIVE_DEST parameter

STAR_TRANSFORMATION hint, 2-67

STAR hint, 2-66

STAR_TRANSFORMATION_ENABLED parameter

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW...REFRESH, 7-53

START WITH clause

of SELECT, 7-577

STARTUP event

triggers on, 7-431

STATIC clause

of CREATE TYPE BODY, 7-448

statistics

computing exactly, 7-204

deleting from the data dictionary, 7-206

estimating, 7-204

forcing disassociation, 7-471

on indexes, 7-301

user-defined

dropping, 7-478, 7-480, 7-482, 7-492, 7-501, 7-506

statistics types

associating

with columns, 7-211

with datatypes, 7-212

with domain indexes, 7-212

with functions, 7-212

with indextypes, 7-212

with packages, 7-212

disassociating

from columns, 7-470

from domain indexes, 7-470

from functions, 7-470

from indextypes, 7-470

from packages, 7-470

from types, 7-470

STDDEV function, 4-86

STDDEVP function, 4-87

STDDEVS function, 4-88

storage characteristics

resetting, 7-611

STORAGE clause, 7-605

of ALTER ROLLBACK SEGMENT, 7-78, 7-79

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG / SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-334

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG. See CREATE TABLE

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT. See CREATE TABLE.

of CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENTS, 7-368

of CREATE TABLE, 7-384, 7-394

of CREATE TABLESPACE, 7-420

STORAGE IN ROW clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-387, 7-403

STORE IN DEFAULT clause

of CREATE INDEX, 7-303

STORE IN tablespace clause

of CREATE INDEX, 7-303

stored functions, 7-285

Structured Query Language. See SQL

SUBPARTITION BY HASH clause

SUBPARTITION clause

of ANALYZE, 7-203

of CREATE INDEX, 7-303

of CREATE TABLE, 7-404

subpartition-extended table names, 2-70

in DML statements, 2-71

restrictions on, 2-71

syntax, 2-71

subpartitions

SUBPARTITIONS clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-403

subqueries, 5-19, 7-569, 7-572

containing subqueries, 5-25

correlated, 5-25

defined, 5-19

to insert table data, 7-409

SUBSTR function, 4-90

SUBSTRB function, 4-91

subtotal values

deriving, 7-578

SUM function, 4-91

SUSPEND clause

sustained standby recovery mode, 7-14

terminating, 7-15

timeout period, 7-14

SWITCH LOGFILE clause

SYEAR date format element, 2-46

synonyms

changing the definition of, 7-500

creating, 7-377

granting

system privileges on, 7-526

local, 7-379

private, dropping, 7-500

public, 7-378

dropping, 7-500

remote, 7-379

removing from the database, 7-500

loops, A-2

multipart diagrams, A-3

parameters, xxi

SYS schema

database triggers stored in, 7-433

functions stored in, 7-433

SYS_CONTEXT function, 4-93

SYS_GUID function, 4-97

SYSDATE function, 4-98

SYSDBA system privilege, 7-529

SYSOPER system privilege, 7-529

system control statements, 6-5

PL/SQL support of, 6-5

system date

system events

system global area

system privileges

granting, 7-365, 7-519

SYYYY date format element, 2-46

TABLE clause

of UPDATE, 7-617, 7-618

table constraints

defined, 7-233

SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE, 7-548

table locks

on remote database, 7-548

on subpartitions, 7-548

SHARE UPDATE, 7-548

table REF constraints, 7-234, 7-242

of ALTER TABLE, 7-140

allocating extents for, 7-150

tables

adding rows to, 7-540

aliases, 2-82

in CREATE INDEX, 7-298

in DELETE, 7-467

assigning to a cluster, 7-401

changing degree of parallelism on, 7-164

changing existing values in, 7-616

collecting modification statistics on, 7-152

collecting statistics on, 7-203

creating, 7-390

multiple, 7-369

creating comments about, 7-228

deallocating unused space from, 7-150

default physical attributes

changing, 7-145

degree of parallelism

specifying, 7-390

disassociating statistics types from, 7-501

dropping

along with cluster, 7-473

along with owner, 7-510

indexes of, 7-501

partitions of, 7-501

granting

system privileges on, 7-526

index-organized

creating, 7-396

overflow segment for, 7-397

space in index block, 7-397

inserting rows with a subquery, 7-409

LOB storage of, 7-394

locking, 7-547

logging

insert operations, 7-152

table creation, 7-395

migrated and chained rows in, 7-207

moving to a new segment, 7-144

nested

creating, 7-444

storage characteristics, 7-400

object

creating, 7-381

order of row storage, 7-396

ordering rows from, 7-409

parallel creation of, 7-405

parallelism

setting default degree, 7-405

partition attributes of, 7-155

partitioned

allowing rows to move between partitions, 7-164

default attributes of, 7-155

partitioning of, 2-70, 7-390

physical attributes

changing, 7-145

specifying, 7-393

relational

creating, 7-381

remote, accessing, 7-273

removing from the database, 7-501

removing rows from, 7-465

renaming, 7-153, 7-554

restricting

records per block, 7-153

references to, 7-242

retrieving data from, 7-572

rows

ordering by primary key, 7-396

saving blocks in a cache, 7-151, 7-408

SQL examples, 7-410

storage characteristics, 7-605

defining, 7-390, 7-394

subpartition attributes of, 7-155

transaction specific, 7-391

tablespace for

defining, 7-390, 7-394

temporary

duration of data, 7-401

session-specific, 7-391

unclustering, 7-472

validating structure of, 7-206

with unusable indexes, 7-94

TABLESPACE clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

of CREATE ROLLBACK SEGMENTS, 7-367

of CREATE TABLE, 7-394

tablespaces, 7-180

allocating space for users, 7-453

allowing write operations on, 7-181

backing up datafiles of, 7-180

bringing online, 7-180, 7-422

coalescing free extents, 7-181

converting

from permanent to temporary, 7-181

from temporary to permanent, 7-181

creating, 7-420

datafile

adding, 7-179

renaming, 7-179

default storage characteristics, 7-605

defining as read only, 7-181

dropping the contents of, 7-504

enable autoextension of, 7-179

extent management of, 7-425

extent size of, 7-421

granting

system privileges on, 7-527

locally managed, 7-422, 7-606

temporary, 7-425

logging attribute of, 7-178, 7-421

managed using dictionary tables, 7-422

managing extents of, 7-422

of session duration, 7-424

permanent objects in, 7-422

recovering, 7-14

removing from the database, 7-503

size of free extents in, 7-180

specifying

datafiles for, 7-421

for a user, 7-453

for index rebuild, 7-145

taking offline, 7-180, 7-422

tempfile

adding, 7-179

temporary

creating, 7-424

specifying for a user, 7-453

temporary objects in, 7-422

TAN function, 4-98

TANH function, 4-99

TEMPFILE clause

of ALTER DATABASE, 7-8, 7-17

of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE, 7-425

tempfiles

automatic extension of, 7-425

bringing online, 7-17

disabling automatic extension, 7-17

dropping, 7-17

enabling automatic extension, 7-17

specifying, 7-425, 7-516

taking offline, 7-17

TEMPORARY clause

transaction-specific, 7-391

temporary tables

creating, 7-390, 7-391

session-specific, 7-391

TEMPORARY TABLESPACE clause

of ALTER USER. See CREATE USER

specifying for a user, 7-453

temporary tablespaces

creating, 7-424

SQL examples, 7-425

text

conventions, xx

date and number formats, 2-38

in SQL syntax, 2-2

properties of CHAR and VARCHAR2 datatypes, 2-2

syntax of, 2-2

text date format element, 2-46

TH date format element suffix, 2-51

THSP date format element suffix, 2-51

TIME datatype (SQL/DS or DB2), 2-30

TIMED_OS_STATISTICS parameter

TIMED_STATISTICS parameter

TIMESTAMP datatype (SQL/DS or DB2), 2-30

TM number format element, 2-41

TO PUBLIC clause

of GRANT system_privileges_and_roles, 7-520

TO role clause

of GRANT system_privileges_and_roles, 7-520

TO SAVEPOINT clause

of ROLLBACK, 7-565

TO user clause

of GRANT system_privileges_and_roles, 7-520

TO_CHAR

date conversion function, 4-99

number conversion function, 4-100

TO_CHAR function, 2-37, 2-40, 2-45, 2-51

TO_DATE function, 2-37, 2-45, 2-49, 2-51, 4-101

TO_LOB function, 2-37, 4-102

TO_MULTI_BYTE function, 4-103

TO_NUMBER function, 2-37, 2-40, 4-103

TO_SINGLE_BYTE function, 4-104

top-N queries, 2-61

transaction control statements, 6-4

PL/SQL support of, 6-4

TRANSACTION_AUDITING parameter

TRANSLATE ... USING function, 4-106

transactions

TRANSLATE function, 4-105

triggers

TRIM function, 4-107

TRUNC function

date function, 4-109

format models, 4-117

number function, 4-108

TRUNCATE PARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-160

TRUNCATE statement, 7-611

TRUNCATE SUBPARTITION clause

of ALTER TABLE, 7-160

TRUST parameter

type constructor expressions, 5-6

Trusted Oracle, 1-5

TYPES clause

U number format element, 2-41

types. See object types or datatypes

UID function, 4-109

unary operators, 3-1

UNION ALL set operator, 3-13, 7-579

UNION set operator, 3-13, 7-579

UNIQUE clause

of constraint_clause, 7-238

of CREATE INDEX, 7-296

of SELECT, 7-573

unique constraints

UNLIMITED TABLESPACE system privilege, 7-527

index on, 7-407

unique indexes, 7-296

unique queries, 7-573

universal rowids. See urowids

unnesting collections, 7-576

examples, 7-593

UNRECOVERABLE, 7-37, 7-396

See also NOLOGGING clause

unsorted indexes, 7-300

UNUSABLE clause

UNUSABLE LOCAL INDEXES clause

UPDATE ANY TABLE system privilege, 7-527

UPDATE object privilege, 7-535

UPDATE statement, 7-615

triggers on, 7-429

UPPER function, 4-110

UROWID datatype, 2-27

urowids

and foreign tables, 2-27

and heap-organized tables, 2-28

and index-organized tables, 2-27

description of, 2-27

USE ROLLBACK SEGMENT clause

USE_CONCAT hint, 2-65

USE_HASH hint, 2-66

USE_MERGE hint, 2-66

USE_NL hint, 2-66

USE_STORED_OUTLINES parameter

USER_COL_COMMENTS view, 7-228

USER function, 4-110

USER_DUMP_DEST parameter

of ALTER SYSTEM, 7-119

USER_TAB_COMMENTS view, 7-228

user-defined functions, 4-118

name precedence of, 4-119

naming conventions, 4-120

restrictions on, 7-286

user-defined operators, 3-16

user-defined statistics

dropping, 7-478, 7-480, 7-482, 7-492, 7-501, 7-506

user-defined types

categories of, 2-30

defining, 7-440

USERENV function, 4-111

users

USING BFILE clause

USING BLOB clause

of ASSOCIATE STATISTICS, 7-211, 7-212

USING clause

of CREATE DATABASE LINK, 7-275

of CREATE INDEXTYPE, 7-310

of CREATE OPERATOR, 7-339, 7-341

USING CLOB clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW, 7-52

USING INDEX clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-389, 7-407

USING ROLLBACK SEGMENT clause

of ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW...REFRESH, 7-53

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT...REFRESH, 7-326

UTLCHN.SQL script, 7-207

UTLEXPT1.SQL script, 7-163, 7-245, 7-407

UTLXPLAN.SQL script, 7-512

V number format element, 2-41

V$NLS_PARAMETERS view

VALIDATE REF UPDATE clause

of ANALYZE, 7-206

VALIDATE STRUCTURE clause

of ANALYZE, 7-206

VALUE function, 4-112

VALUES clause

of INSERT, 7-542

VALUES LESS THAN clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-403

VARCHAR datatype, 2-17

converting to NUMBER, 2-40

VARCHAR2 datatype, 2-16

VARGRAPHIC datatype (SQL/DS or DB2), 2-30

variable expressions, 5-4

VARIANCE function, 4-115

VARP function, 4-113

VARRAY storage clause

of CREATE TABLE, 7-385, 7-399

varrays, 2-31

changing returned value, 7-145

compared with nested tables, 2-35

comparison rules, 2-35

creating, 7-439, 7-444

dropping the body of, 7-508

dropping the specification of, 7-506

storage characteristics of, 7-142, 7-146, 7-399

storing out of line, 2-31

VARS function, 4-114

varying arrays. See varrays

views

adding rows to the base table of, 7-540

changing

definition, 7-511

values in base tables, 7-616

creating

before base tables, 7-458

comments about, 7-228

multiple, 7-369

defining, 7-456

granting

system privileges on, 7-529

recompiling, 7-198

re-creating, 7-458

remote, accessing, 7-273

removing

from the database, 7-511

rows from the base table of, 7-465

renaming, 7-554

retrieving data from, 7-572

subquery of, 7-459

restricting, 7-461

W date format element, 2-46

VSIZE function, 4-116

WHEN clause

of CREATE TRIGGER, 7-433

WHENEVER NOT SUCCESSFUL clause

of NOAUDIT schema_objects, 7-553

WHENEVER SUCCESSFUL clause

of AUDIT sql_statements, 7-215

of NOAUDIT schema_objects, 7-553

of NOAUDIT sql_statements, 7-551

WHERE clause

of GRANT system_privileges_and_roles, 7-521

of SELECT, 5-20, 7-577

of UPDATE, 7-620

WITH ADMIN OPTION clause

WITH CHECK OPTION clause

of CREATE VIEW, 7-456, 7-461

of INSERT, 7-542

of SELECT, 7-570, 7-575

of UPDATE, 7-618

WITH GRANT OPTION clause

of CREATE OPERATOR, 7-339, 7-341

WITH INDEX CONTEXT clause

WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER clause

of CREATE VIEW, 7-459

WITH OBJECT OID. See WITH OBJECT IDENTIFIER.

WITH PRIMARY KEY clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT...REFRESH, 7-324

WITH READ ONLY clause

of CREATE VIEW, 7-456, 7-461

of column ref constraints, 7-242

of INSERT, 7-542

of SELECT, 7-570, 7-575

of UPDATE, 7-618

WITH ROWID clause

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG/SNAPSHOT LOG, 7-336

of CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW/SNAPSHOT...REFRESH, 7-324

WNDS parameter

WNPS parameter