ncftpspooler
(1)
名称
ncftpspooler - Global batch FTP job processor daemon
用法概要
ncftpspooler -d [options]
ncftpspooler -l [options]
描述
User Commands ncftpspooler(1)
NAME
ncftpspooler - Global batch FTP job processor daemon
SYNOPSIS
ncftpspooler -d [options]
ncftpspooler -l [options]
OPTIONS
Command line flags:
-d Begin background processing of FTP jobs in the des-
ignated FTP job queue directory.
-q XX Use this option to specify a directory to use as the
FTP job queue instead of the default directory,
/var/spool/ncftp.
-o XX Use this option to specify a filename to use as the
log file. By default, (and rather inappropriately)
the program simply uses a file called log in the job
queue directory. If you don't want a log, use this
option to specify /dev/null.
-l Lists the contents of the job queue directory.
-s XX When the job queue is empty, the program sleeps 120
seconds and then checks again to see if a new job
has been submitted. Use this option to change the
number of seconds used for this delay.
DESCRIPTION
The ncftpspooler program evolved from the ncftpbatch pro-
gram. The ncftpbatch program was originally designed as a
``personal FTP spooler'' which would process a single back-
ground job a particular user and exit when it finished; the
ncftpspooler program is a ``global FTP spooler'' which stays
running and processes background jobs as they are submitted.
The job queue directory is monitored for specially-named and
formatted text files. Each file serves as a single FTP job.
The name of the job file contains the type of FTP job (get
or put), a timestamp indicating the earliest the job should
be processed, and optionally some additional information to
make it easier to create unique job files (i.e. a sequence
number). The contents of the job files have information
such as the remote server machine to FTP to, username, pass-
word, remote pathname, etc.
Your job queue directory must be readable and writable by
the user that you plan to run ncftpspooler as, so that jobs
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User Commands ncftpspooler(1)
can be removed or renamed within the queue.
More importantly, the user that is running the program will
need adequate privileges to access the local files that are
involved in the FTPing. I.e., if your spooler is going to
be processing jobs which upload files to remote servers,
then the user will need read permission on the local files
that will be uploaded (and directory access permission the
parent directories). Likewise, if your spooler is going to
be processing jobs which download files, then the user would
need to be able to write to the local directories.
Once you have created your spool directory with appropriate
permissions and ownerships, you can run ncftpspooler -d to
launch the spooler daemon. You can run additional spoolers
if you want to process more than FTP job from the same job
queue directory simultaneously. You can then monitor the
log file (i.e., using tail -f ) to track the progress of the
spooler. Most of the time it won't be doing anything,
unless job files have appeared in the job queue directory.
JOB FILE NAMES
When the ncftpspooler program monitors the job queue direc-
tory, it ignores any files that do not follow the naming
convention for job files. The job files must be prefixed in
the format of X-YYYYMMDD-hhmmss where X denotes a job type,
YYYY is the four-digit year, MM is the two-digit month num-
ber, DD is the two-digit day of the month, hh is the two-
digit hour of the day (00-23), mm is the two-digit minute,
and ss is the two-digit second. The date and time represent
the earliest time you want the job to be run.
The job type can be g for a get (download from remote host),
or p for aput (upload to remote host).
As an example, if you wanted to schedule an upload to occur
at 11:45 PM on December 7, 2001, a job file could be named
p-20011207-234500
In practice, the job files include additional information
such as a sequence number or process ID. This makes it eas-
ier to create unique job file names. Here is the same exam-
ple, with a process ID and a sequence number:
p-20011207-234500-1234-2
When submitting job files to the queue directory, be sure to
use a dash character after the hhmmss field if you choose to
append any additional data to the job file name.
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JOB FILE CONTENTS
Job files are ordinary text files, so that they can be cre-
ated by hand. Each line of the file is a key-pair in the
format variable=value, or is a comment line beginning with
an octothorpe character (#), or is a blank line. Here is an
example job file:
# This is a NcFTP spool file entry.
job-name=g-20011016-100656-008299-1
op=get
hostname=ftp.freebsd.org
xtype=I
passive=1
remote-dir=pub/FreeBSD
local-dir=/tmp
remote-file=README.TXT
local-file=readme.txt
Job files are flexible since they follow an easy-to-use for-
mat and do not have many requirements, but there are a few
mandatory parameters that must appear for the spooler to be
able to process the job.
op The operation (job type) to perform. Valid values
are get and put.
hostname
The remote host to FTP to. This may be an IP
address or a DNS name (i.e. ftp.example.com).
For a regular get job, these parameters are required:
remote-file
The pathname of the file to download from the remote
server.
local-file
The pathname to use on the local server for the
downloaded file.
For a regular put job, these parameters are required:
local-file
The pathname of the file to upload to the remote
server.
remote-file
The pathname to use on the remote server for the
uploaded file.
For a recursive get job, these parameters are required:
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remote-file
The pathname of the file or directory to download
from the remote server.
local-dir
The directory pathname to use on the local server to
contain the downloaded items.
For a recursive put job, these parameters are required:
local-file
The pathname of the file or directory to upload to
the remote server.
remote-dir
The directory pathname to use on the remote server
to contain the uploaded items.
The rest of the parameters are optional. The spooler will
attempt to use reasonable defaults for these parameters if
necessary.
user The username to use to login to the remote server.
Defaults to ``anonymous'' for guest access.
pass The password to use in conjunction with the username
to login to the remote server.
acct The account to use in conjunction with the username
to login to the remote server. The need to specify
this parameter is extremely rare.
port The port number to use in conjunction with the
remote hostname to connect to the remote server.
Defaults to the standard FTP port number, 21.
host-ip The IP address to use in conjunction with the remote
hostname to connect to the remote server. This
parameter can be used in place of the hostname
parameter, but one or the other must be used. This
parameter is commonly included along with the host-
name parameter as supplemental information.
xtype The transfer type to use. Defaults to binary trans-
fer type (TYPE I). Valid values are I for binary, A
for ASCII text.
passive Whether to use FTP passive data connections (PASV)
or FTP active data connections (PORT). Valid values
are 0 for active, 1 for passive, or 2 to try pas-
sive, then fallback to active. The default is 2.
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recursive
This can be used to transfer entire directory trees.
By default, only a single file is transferred.
Valid values are yes or no.
delete This can be used to delete the source file on the
source machine after successfully transferring the
file to the destination machine. By default, source
files are not deleted. Valid values are yes or no.
job-name
This isn't used by the program, but can be used by
an entity which is automatically generating job
files. As an example, when using the -bbb flag with
ncftpput, it creates a job file on stdout with a
job-name parameter so you can easily copy the file
to the job queue directory with the suggested job
name as the job file name.
pre-ftp-command
post-ftp-command
These parameters correspond to the -W, and -Y
options of ncftpget and ncftpput. It is important
to note that these refer to RFC959 File Transfer
Protocol commands and not shell commands, nor com-
mands used from within /usr/bin/ftp or ncftp.
pre-shell-command
post-shell-command
These parameters provide hooks so you can run a cus-
tom program when an item is processed by the
spooler. Valid values are pathnames to scripts or
executable programs. Note that the value must not
contain any command-line arguments -- if you want to
do that, create a shell script and have it run your
program with the command-line arguments it requires.
Generally speaking, post-shell-command is much more useful
than pre-shell-command since if you need to use these
options you're more likely to want to do something after the
FTP transfer has completed rather than before. For example,
you might want to run a shell script which pages an adminis-
trator to notify her that her 37 gigabyte file download has
completed.
When your custom program is run, it receives on standard
input the contents of the job file (i.e. several lines of
variable=value key-pairs), as well as additional data the
spooler may provide, such as a result key-pair with a tex-
tual description of the job's completion status.
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post-shell-command update a log file named
/var/log/ncftp_spooler.
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
my ($line);
my (%params) = ();
while (defined($line = <STDIN>)) {
$params{$1} = $2
if ($line =~ /^([^=\#\s]+)=(.*)/);
}
if ((defined($params{"result"})) &&
($params{"result"} =~ /^Succeeded/))
{
open(LOG, ">> /var/log/ncftp_spooler.log")
or exit(1);
print LOG "DOWNLOAD" if ($params{"op"} eq "get");
print LOG "UPLOAD" if ($params{"op"} eq "put");
print LOG " ", $params{"local-file"}, "\n";
close(LOG);
}
DIAGNOSTICS
The log file should be examined to determine if any ncftp-
spooler processes are actively working on jobs. The log
contains copious amounts of useful information, including
the entire FTP control connection conversation between the
FTP client and server.
BUGS
The recursive option may not be reliable since ncftpspooler
depends on functionality which may or may not be present in
the remote server software. Additionally, even if the func-
tionality is available, ncftpspooler may need to use heuris-
tics which cannot be considered 100% accurate. Therefore it
is best to create individual jobs for each file in the
directory tree, rather than a single recursive directory
job.
For resumption of downloads to work, the remote server must
support the FTP SIZE and MDTM primitives. Most modern FTP
server software can do this, but there are still a number of
bare-bones ftpd implementations which do not. In these
cases, ncftpspooler will re-download the file in entirety
each time until the download succeeds.
The program needs to be improved to detect jobs that have no
chance of ever completing successfully. There are still a
number of cases where jobs can get spooled but get retried
over and over again until a vigilant sysadmin manually
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removes the jobs.
The spool files may contain usernames and passwords stored
in cleartext. These files should not be readable by any
user except the user running the program!
AUTHOR
Mike Gleason, NcFTP Software (http://www.ncftp.com).
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
attributes:
+---------------+-------------------+
|ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
+---------------+-------------------+
|Availability | network/ftp/ncftp |
+---------------+-------------------+
|Stability | Volatile |
+---------------+-------------------+
SEE ALSO
ncftpbatch(1), ncftp(1), ncftpput(1), ncftpget(1), uucp(1).
NOTES
This software was built from source available at
https://java.net/projects/solaris-userland. The original
community source was downloaded from
ftp://ftp.ncftp.com/ncftp/older_ver-
sions/ncftp-3.2.3-src.tar.bz2
Further information about this software can be found on the
open source community website at
http://www.ncftp.com/ncftp/.
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