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perl5113delta (1)

名称

perl5113delta - what is new for perl v5.11.3

用法概要

Please see following description for synopsis

描述




Perl Programmers Reference Guide                 PERL5113DELTA(1)



NAME
     perl5113delta - what is new for perl v5.11.3

DESCRIPTION
     This document describes differences between the 5.11.2
     release and the 5.11.3 release.

     If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.11.1,
     first read the perl5112delta, which describes differences
     between 5.11.1 and 5.11.2

Incompatible Changes
  Filehandles are blessed directly into "IO::Handle", as
     "FileHandle" is merely a wrapper around "IO::Handle".
     The previous behaviour was to bless Filehandles into
     FileHandle (an empty proxy class) if it was loaded into
     memory and otherwise to bless them into "IO::Handle".

Core Enhancements
  Unicode version
     Perl is shipped with the latest Unicode version, 5.2, dated
     October 2009.  See
     <http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0> for details
     about this release of Unicode.  See perlunicode for
     instructions on installing and using older versions of
     Unicode.

  Unicode properties
     Perl can now handle every Unicode character property.  A new
     pod, perluniprops, lists all available non-Unihan character
     properties.  By default the Unihan properties and certain
     others (deprecated and Unicode internal-only ones) are not
     exposed.  See below for more details on these; there is also
     a section in the pod listing them, and why they are not
     exposed.

     Perl now fully supports the Unicode compound-style of using
     "=" and ":" in writing regular expressions:
     "\p{property=value}" and "\p{property:value}" (both of which
     mean the same thing).

     Perl now fully supports the Unicode loose matching rules for
     text between the braces in "\p{...}" constructs.  In
     addition, Perl also allows underscores between digits of
     numbers.

     All the Unicode-defined synonyms for properties and property
     values are now accepted.

     "qr/\X/", which matches a Unicode logical character, has
     been expanded to work better with various Asian languages.
     It now is defined as an "extended grapheme cluster".  (See



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     <http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/>).  Anything matched
     previously that made sense will continue to be matched.  But
     in addition:

     o   "\X" will now not break apart a "CR LF" sequence.

     o   "\X" will now match a sequence including the "ZWJ" and
         "ZWNJ" characters.

     o   "\X" will now always match at least one character,
         including an initial mark.  Marks generally come after a
         base character, but it is possible in Unicode to have
         them in isolation, and "\X" will now handle that case,
         for example at the beginning of a line or after a
         "ZWSP".  And this is the part where "\X" doesn't match
         the things that it used to that don't make sense.
         Formerly, for example, you could have the nonsensical
         case of an accented LF.

     o   "\X" will now match a (Korean) Hangul syllable sequence,
         and the Thai and Lao exception cases.

     Otherwise, this change should be transparent for the non-
     affected languages.

     "\p{...}" matches using the Canonical_Combining_Class
     property were completely broken in previous Perls.  This is
     now fixed.

     In previous Perls, the Unicode "Decomposition_Type=Compat"
     property and a Perl extension had the same name, which led
     to neither matching all the correct values (with more than
     100 mistakes in one, and several thousand in the other).
     The Perl extension has now been renamed to be
     "Decomposition_Type=Noncanonical" (short: "dt=noncanon").
     It has the same meaning as was previously intended, namely
     the union of all the non-canonical Decomposition types, with
     Unicode "Compat" being just one of those.

     "\p{Uppercase}" and "\p{Lowercase}" have been brought into
     line with the Unicode definitions.  This means they each
     match a few more characters than previously.

     "\p{Cntrl}" now matches the same characters as
     "\p{Control}".  This means it no longer will match Private
     Use (gc=co), Surrogates (gc=cs), nor Format (gc=cf) code
     points.  The Format code points represent the biggest
     possible problem.  All but 36 of them are either officially
     deprecated or strongly discouraged from being used.  Of
     those 36, likely the most widely used are the soft hyphen
     (U+00AD), and BOM, ZWSP, ZWNJ, WJ, and similar, plus Bi-
     directional controls.



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     "\p{Alpha}" now matches the same characters as
     "\p{Alphabetic}".  The Perl definition included a number of
     things that aren't really alpha (all marks), while omitting
     many that were.  As a direct consequence, the definitions of
     "\p{Alnum}" and "\p{Word}" which depend on Alpha also
     change.

     "\p{Word}" also now doesn't match certain characters it
     wasn't supposed to, such as fractions.

     "\p{Print}" no longer matches the line control characters:
     Tab, LF, CR, FF, VT, and NEL.  This brings it in line with
     the documentation.

     "\p{Decomposition_Type=Canonical}" now includes the Hangul
     syllables.

     The Numeric type property has been extended to include the
     Unihan characters.

     There is a new Perl extension, the 'Present_In', or simply
     'In', property.  This is an extension of the Unicode Age
     property, but "\p{In=5.0}" matches any code point whose
     usage has been determined as of Unicode version 5.0.  The
     "\p{Age=5.0}" only matches code points added in precisely
     version 5.0.

     A number of properties did not have the correct values for
     unassigned code points.  This is now fixed.  The affected
     properties are Bidi_Class, East_Asian_Width, Joining_Type,
     Decomposition_Type, Hangul_Syllable_Type, Numeric_Type, and
     Line_Break.

     The Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, ID_Continue, and ID_Start
     properties have been updated to their current Unicode
     definitions.

     Certain properties that are supposed to be Unicode internal-
     only were erroneously exposed by previous Perls.  Use of
     these in regular expressions will now generate, if enabled,
     a deprecated warning message.  The properties are:
     Other_Alphabetic, Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point,
     Other_Grapheme_Extend, Other_ID_Continue, Other_ID_Start,
     Other_Lowercase, Other_Math, and Other_Uppercase.

     An installation can now fairly easily change which Unicode
     properties Perl understands.  As mentioned above, certain
     properties are by default turned off.  These include all the
     Unihan properties (which should be accessible via the CPAN
     module Unicode::Unihan) and any deprecated or Unicode
     internal-only property that Perl has never exposed.




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     The generated files in the "lib/unicore/To" directory are
     now more clearly marked as being stable, directly usable by
     applications.  New hash entries in them give the format of
     the normal entries, which allows for easier machine parsing.
     Perl can generate files in this directory for any property,
     though most are suppressed.  An installation can choose to
     change which get written.  Instructions are in perluniprops.

  Regular Expressions
     U+0FFFF is now a legal character in regular expressions.

Modules and Pragmata
  Pragmata Changes
     "constant"
         Upgraded from version 1.19 to 1.20.

     "diagnostics"
         This pragma no longer suppresses "Use of uninitialized
         value in range (or flip)" warnings. [perl #71204]

     "feature"
         Upgraded from 1.13 to 1.14.  Added the "unicode_strings"
         feature:

             use feature "unicode_strings";

         This pragma turns on Unicode semantics for the case-
         changing operations (uc/lc/ucfirst/lcfirst) on strings
         that don't have the internal UTF-8 flag set, but that
         contain single-byte characters between 128 and 255.

     "legacy"
         The experimental "legacy" pragma, introduced in 5.11.2,
         has been removed, and its functionality replaced by the
         new feature pragma, "use feature "unicode_strings"".

     "threads"
         Upgraded from version 1.74 to 1.75.

     "warnings"
         Upgraded from 1.07 to 1.08.  Added new
         "warnings::fatal_enabled()" function.

  Updated Modules
     "Archive::Extract"
         Upgraded from version 0.34 to 0.36.

     "CPAN"
         Upgraded from version 1.94_51 to 1.94_5301, which is
         1.94_53 on CPAN plus some local fixes for bleadperl.

         Includes better bzip2 support, improved FirstTime



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         experience with auto-selection of CPAN mirrors, proper
         handling of modules removed from the Perl core, and an
         updated 'cpan' utility script

     "CPANPLUS"
         Upgraded from version 0.89_09 to 0.90.

     "Encode"
         Upgraded from version 2.38 to 2.39.

     "ExtUtils::MakeMaker"
         Upgraded from version 6.55_02 to 6.56.  Adds new
         BUILD_REQUIRES key to indicate build-only prerequisites.
         Also adds support for mingw64 and the new "package NAME
         VERSION" syntax.

     "File::Path"
         Upgraded from version 2.08 to 2.08_01.

     "Module::Build"
         Upgraded from version 0.35_09 to 0.36.  Compared to
         0.35, this version has a new 'installdeps' action,
         supports the PERL_MB_OPT environment variable, adds a
         'share_dir' property for File::ShareDir support, support
         the "package NAME VERSION" syntax and has many other
         enhancements and bug fixes.  The 'passthrough' style of
         Module::Build::Compat has been deprecated.

     "Module::CoreList"
         Upgraded from version 2.23 to 2.24.

     "POSIX"
         Upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.19. Error codes for
         "getaddrinfo()" and "getnameinfo()" are now available.

     "Pod::Simple"
         Upgraded from version 3.10 to 3.13.

     "Safe"
         Upgraded from version 2.19 to 2.20.

Utility Changes
     perlbug
         No longer reports "Message sent" when it hasn't actually
         sent the message

Changes to Existing Documentation
     The Pod specification (perlpodspec) has been updated to
     bring the specification in line with modern usage already
     supported by most Pod systems.  A parameter string may now
     follow the format name in a "begin/end" region.  Links to
     URIs with a text description are now allowed.  The usage of



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     "L<"section">" has been marked as deprecated.

     if.pm has been documented in "use" in perlfunc as a means to
     get conditional loading of modules despite the implicit
     BEGIN block around "use".

Installation and Configuration Improvements
  Testing improvements
     It's now possible to override "PERL5OPT" and friends in
         t/TEST

  Platform Specific Changes
     Win32
         o   Always add a manifest resource to "perl.exe" to
             specify the "trustInfo" settings for Windows Vista
             and later.  Without this setting Windows will treat
             "perl.exe" as a legacy application and apply various
             heuristics like redirecting access to protected file
             system areas (like the "Program Files" folder) to
             the users "VirtualStore" instead of generating a
             proper "permission denied" error.

             For VC8 and VC9 this manifest setting is
             automatically generated by the compiler/linker
             (together with the binding information for their
             respective runtime libraries); for all other
             compilers we need to embed the manifest resource
             explicitly in the external resource file.

             This change also requests the Microsoft Common-
             Controls version 6.0 (themed controls introduced in
             Windows XP) via the dependency list in the assembly
             manifest.  For VC8 and VC9 this is specified using
             the "/manifestdependency" linker commandline option
             instead.

     cygwin
         Enable IPv6 support on cygwin 1.7 and newer
     OpenVMS
         Make -UDEBUGGING the default on VMS for 5.12.0.
             Like it has been everywhere else for ages and ages.
             Also make command-line selection of -UDEBUGGING and
             -DDEBUGGING work in configure.com; before the only
             way to turn it off was by saying no in answer to the
             interactive question.

Selected Bug Fixes
     o   Ensure that pp_qr returns a new regexp SV each time.
         Resolves RT #69852.

         Instead of returning a(nother) reference to the (pre-
         compiled) regexp in the optree, use reg_temp_copy() to



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         create a copy of it, and return a reference to that.
         This resolves issues about Regexp::DESTROY not being
         called in a timely fashion (the original bug tracked by
         RT #69852), as well as bugs related to blessing regexps,
         and of assigning to regexps, as described in
         correspondence added to the ticket.

         It transpires that we also need to undo the SvPVX()
         sharing when ithreads cloning a Regexp SV, because
         mother_re is set to NULL, instead of a cloned copy of
         the mother_re. This change might fix bugs with regexps
         and threads in certain other situations, but as yet
         neither tests nor bug reports have indicated any
         problems, so it might not actually be an edge case that
         it's possible to reach.

     o   Several compilation errors and segfaults when perl was
         built with "-Dmad" were fixed.

     o   Fixes for lexer API changes in 5.11.2 which broke
         NYTProf's savesrc option.

     o   -t should only return TRUE for file handles connected to
         a TTY

         The Microsoft C version of isatty() returns TRUE for all
         character mode devices, including the /dev/null style
         "nul" device and printers like "lpt1".

     o   Fixed a regression caused by commit fafafbaf which
         caused a panic during parameter passing [perl #70171]

     o   On systems which in-place edits without backup files,
         -i'*' now works as the documentation says it does [perl
         #70802]

     o   Saving and restoring magic flags no longer loses
         readonly flag.

     o   The malformed syntax "grep EXPR LIST" (note the missing
         comma) no longer causes abrupt and total failure.

     o   Regular expressions compiled with "qr{}" literals
         properly set "$'" when matching again.

     o   Using named subroutines with "sort" should no longer
         lead to bus errors [perl #71076]

     o   Numerous bugfixes catch small issues caused by the
         recently-added Lexer API.

     o   Smart match against @_ sometimes gave false negatives.



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         [perl #71078]

     o   $@ may now be assigned a read-only value (without error
         or busting the stack).

     o   "sort" called recursively from within an active
         comparison subroutine no longer causes a bus error if
         run multiple times. [perl #71076]

New or Changed Diagnostics
     o   "split" now warns when called in void context

     o   "printf"-style functions called with too few arguments
         will now issue the warning "Missing argument in %s"
         [perl #71000]

New Tests
     Many modules updated from CPAN incorporate new tests.

     t/comp/final_line_num.t
         See if line numbers are correct at EOF

     t/comp/form_scope.t
         See if format scoping works

     t/comp/line_debug.t
         See if @{"_<$file"} works

     t/op/filetest_t.t
         See if -t file test works

     t/op/qr.t
         See if qr works

     t/op/utf8cache.t
         Tests malfunctions of utf8 cache

     t/re/uniprops.t
         Test unicode \p{} regex constructs

Deprecations
     The following items are now deprecated.

     Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated
         Using "goto" to jump from an outer scope into an inner
         scope is now deprecated. This rare use case was causing
         problems in the implementation of scopes.

Acknowledgements
     Perl 5.11.3 represents approximately one month of
     development since Perl 5.11.2 and contains 61407 lines of
     changes across 396 files from 40 authors and committers:



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     Abigail, Alex Davies, Alexandr Ciornii, Andrew Rodland, Andy
     Dougherty, Bram, brian d foy, Chip Salzenberg, Chris
     Williams, Craig A. Berry, Daniel Frederick Crisman, David
     Golden, Dennis Kaarsemaker, Eric Brine, Father Chrysostomos,
     Gene Sullivan, Gerard Goossen, H.  Merijn Brand, Hugo van
     der Sanden, Jan Dubois, Jerry D. Hedden, Jesse Vincent, Jim
     Cromie, Karl Williamson, Leon Brocard, Max Maischein,
     Michael Breen, Moritz Lenz, Nicholas Clark, Rafael Garcia-
     Suarez, Reini Urban, Ricardo Signes, Stepan Kasal, Steve
     Hay, Steve Peters, Tim Bunce, Tony Cook, Vincent Pit and
     Zefram.

     Many of the changes included in this version originated in
     the CPAN modules included in Perl's core. We're grateful to
     the entire CPAN community for helping Perl to flourish.

Reporting Bugs
     If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the
     articles recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc
     newsgroup and the perl bug database at
     http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/ .  There may also be information
     at http://www.perl.org/ , the Perl Home Page.

     If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the
     perlbug program included with your release.  Be sure to trim
     your bug down to a tiny but sufficient test case.  Your bug
     report, along with the output of "perl -V", will be sent off
     to perlbug@perl.org to be analysed by the Perl porting team.

     If the bug you are reporting has security implications,
     which make it inappropriate to send to a publicly archived
     mailing list, then please send it to
     perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed
     subscription unarchived mailing list, which includes all the
     core committers, who be able to help assess the impact of
     issues, figure out a resolution, and help co-ordinate the
     release of patches to mitigate or fix the problem across all
     platforms on which Perl is supported. Please only use this
     address for security issues in the Perl core, not for
     modules independently distributed on CPAN.


ATTRIBUTES
     See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
     attributes:










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     +---------------+------------------+
     |ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE  |
     +---------------+------------------+
     |Availability   | runtime/perl-512 |
     +---------------+------------------+
     |Stability      | Uncommitted      |
     +---------------+------------------+
SEE ALSO
     The Changes file for an explanation of how to view
     exhaustive details on what changed.

     The INSTALL file for how to build Perl.

     The README file for general stuff.

     The Artistic and Copying files for copyright information.



NOTES
     This software was built from source available at
     https://java.net/projects/solaris-userland.  The original
     community source was downloaded from
     http://www.cpan.org/src/5.0/perl-5.12.5.tar.bz2

     Further information about this software can be found on the
     open source community website at http://www.perl.org/.




























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