Table of Contents

• Title and Copyright Information
• Preface
  • Audience
  • Related Documents
  • Conventions
• Changes in This Release for Oracle Spatial Developer’s Guide
  • Changes in Oracle AI Database 26ai
• Part I Conceptual and Usage Information
  • Spatial Concepts
    • What Is Oracle Spatial?
    • Object-Relational Model
    • Introduction to Spatial Data
    • Geometry Types
    • Data Model
      • Element
      • Geometry
      • Layer
      • Coordinate System
      • Tolerance
        • Tolerance in the Geometry Metadata for a Layer
        • Tolerance as an Input Parameter
        • SDO_TOLERANCE SQL Function
    • Query Model
    • Indexing of Spatial Data
      • R-Tree Indexing
        • R-Tree Quality
      • Composite B-Tree Indexing
    • Spatial Temporal Query Support for Point Data
    • Spatial Relationships and Filtering
    • Spatial Operators, Procedures, and Functions
    • Spatial Aggregate Functions
      • SDOAGGRTYPE Object Type
    • Vector Tiles
      • Vector Tile Cache
    • H3 Indexing
    • Three-Dimensional Spatial Objects
      • Modeling Surfaces
        • 3D Mesh Modeling
      • Modeling Solids
      • Three-Dimensional Optimized Rectangles
      • Using Texture Data
        • Schema Considerations with Texture Data
      • Validation Checks for Three-Dimensional Geometries
    • Geocoding
    • Location Data Enrichment
      • ELOC_ADMIN_AREA_SEARCH Table
      • Adding User Data to the Geographic Name Hierarchy
    • JSON and GeoJSON Support in Oracle Spatial
      • JSON Support in Oracle Spatial
      • GeoJSON Support in Oracle Spatial
      • JSON Schema for Spatial Geometry Objects
    • NURBS Curve Support in Oracle Spatial
    • Sharded Database Support by Oracle Spatial
    • Database In-Memory Support by Oracle Spatial
    • Spatial Java Application Programming Interface
    • Predefined User Accounts Created by Spatial
    • Performance and Tuning Information
    • OGC and ISO Compliance
    • Spatial Release (Version) Number
    • SPATIAL_VECTOR_ACCELERATION System Parameter
    • Spatially Enabling a Table
    • Moving Spatial Metadata (MDSYS.MOVE_SDO)
    • Spatial Application Hardware Requirement Considerations
    • Spatial Studio Application
    • Spatial Error Messages
    • Spatial Examples
    • Getting Started with Longitude/Latitude Spatial Data
    • README File for Spatial and Related Features
  • Spatial Data Types and Metadata
    • Simple Example: Inserting, Indexing, and Querying Spatial Data
    • SDO_GEOMETRY Object Type
      • SDO_GTYPE
        • SDO_GTYPE Constants
      • SDO_SRID
        • SDO_SRID Constants
      • SDO_POINT
      • SDO_ELEM_INFO
      • SDO_ORDINATES
      • Usage Considerations
    • SDO_GEOMETRY Methods
    • SDO_GEOMETRY Constructors
    • TIN-Related Object Types
      • SDO_TIN Object Type
      • SDO_TIN_BLK_TYPE and SDO_TIN_BLK Object Types
    • Point Cloud-Related Object Types
      • SDO_PC Object Type
      • SDO_PC_BLK_TYPE and SDO_PC_BLK Object Type
    • Geometry Examples
      • Rectangle
      • Polygon with a Hole
      • Compound Line String
      • Compound Polygon
      • Point
      • Oriented Point
      • Type 0 (Zero) Element
      • NURBS Curve
      • Several Two-Dimensional Geometry Types
      • Three-Dimensional Geometry Types
    • Geometry Metadata Views
      • TABLE_NAME
      • COLUMN_NAME
      • DIMINFO
        • SQL Functions for Min/Max of X/Y/Z Dimensions of a Geometry
      • SRID
    • Other Spatial Metadata Views
      • xxx_SDO_3DTHEMES Views
      • xxx_SDO_SCENES Views
      • xxx_SDO_VIEWFRAMES Views
    • Spatial Index-Related Structures
      • Spatial Index Views
        • xxx_SDO_INDEX_INFO Views
        • xxx_SDO_INDEX_METADATA Views
      • Spatial Index Table Definition
      • R-Tree Index Sequence Object
    • Unit of Measurement Support
      • Creating a User-Defined Unit of Measurement
  • SQL Multimedia Type Support
    • ST_GEOMETRY and SDO_GEOMETRY Interoperability
    • ST_xxx Functions and Spatial Counterparts
    • Tolerance Value with SQL Multimedia Types
    • Avoiding Name Conflicts
    • Annotation Text Type and Views
      • Using the ST_ANNOTATION_TEXT Constructor
      • Annotation Text Metadata Views
  • Loading Spatial Data
    • Bulk Loading
      • Bulk Loading SDO_GEOMETRY Objects
      • Bulk Loading Point-Only Data in SDO_GEOMETRY Objects
    • Transactional Insert Operations Using SQL
    • Recommendations for Loading and Validating Spatial Data
  • Indexing and Querying Spatial Data
    • Creating a Spatial Index
      • Using System-Managed Spatial Indexes
        • Spatial Indexing Example: Interval Partitioning
        • Spatial Indexing Example: Virtual Column Partitioning
      • Constraining Data to a Geometry Type
      • Creating a Composite B-tree Spatial Index on Points
      • Creating a Cross-Schema Index
      • Using Partitioned Spatial Indexes
        • Creating a Local Partitioned Spatial Index
      • Exchanging Partitions Including Indexes
      • Export and Import Considerations with Spatial Indexes and Data
      • Distributed and Oracle XA Transactions Supported with R-Tree Spatial Indexes
      • Enabling Access to Spatial Index Statistics
      • Rollback Segments and Sort Area Size
    • Querying Spatial Data
      • Spatial Query
        • Primary Filter Operator
        • Primary and Secondary Filter Operator
        • Within-Distance Operator
        • Nearest Neighbor Operator
        • Spatial Functions
      • Spatial Join
      • Data and Index Dimensionality, and Spatial Queries
      • Using Event 54700 to Require a Spatial Index for Spatial Queries
  • Coordinate Systems (Spatial Reference Systems)
    • Terms and Concepts
      • Coordinate System (Spatial Reference System)
      • Cartesian Coordinates
      • Geodetic Coordinates (Geographic Coordinates)
      • Projected Coordinates
      • Local Coordinates
      • Geodetic Datum
      • Transformation
    • Geodetic Coordinate Support
      • Geodesy and Two-Dimensional Geometry
      • Choosing a Geodetic or Projected Coordinate System
      • Choosing Non-Ellipsoidal or Ellipsoidal Height
        • Non-Ellipsoidal Height
        • Ellipsoidal Height
      • Geodetic MBRs
      • Distance: Spherical versus Ellipsoidal with Geodetic Data
      • Other Considerations and Requirements with Geodetic Data
    • Local Coordinate Support
    • EPSG Model and Spatial
    • Three-Dimensional Coordinate Reference System Support
      • Geographic 3D Coordinate Reference Systems
      • Compound Coordinate Reference Systems
      • Three-Dimensional Transformations
      • Cross-Dimensionality Transformations
      • 3D Equivalent for WGS 84?
    • TFM_PLAN Object Type
    • Coordinate Systems Data Structures
      • SDO_COORD_AXES Table
      • SDO_COORD_AXIS_NAMES Table
      • SDO_COORD_OP_METHODS Table
      • SDO_COORD_OP_PARAM_USE Table
      • SDO_COORD_OP_PARAM_VALS Table
      • SDO_COORD_OP_PARAMS Table
      • SDO_COORD_OP_PATHS Table
      • SDO_COORD_OPS Table
      • SDO_COORD_REF_SYS Table
      • SDO_COORD_REF_SYSTEM View
      • SDO_COORD_SYS Table
      • SDO_CRS_COMPOUND View
      • SDO_CRS_ENGINEERING View
      • SDO_CRS_GEOCENTRIC View
      • SDO_CRS_GEOGRAPHIC2D View
      • SDO_CRS_GEOGRAPHIC3D View
      • SDO_CRS_PROJECTED View
      • SDO_CRS_VERTICAL View
      • SDO_DATUM_ENGINEERING View
      • SDO_DATUM_GEODETIC View
      • SDO_DATUM_VERTICAL View
      • SDO_DATUMS Table
      • SDO_ELLIPSOIDS Table
      • SDO_PREFERRED_OPS_SYSTEM Table
      • SDO_PREFERRED_OPS_USER Table
      • SDO_PRIME_MERIDIANS Table
      • SDO_UNITS_OF_MEASURE Table
      • Relationships Among Coordinate System Tables and Views
      • Finding Information About EPSG-Based Coordinate Systems
        • Geodetic Coordinate Systems
        • Projected Coordinate Systems
    • Legacy Tables and Views
      • MDSYS.CS_SRS Table
        • Well-Known Text (WKT)
        • US-American and European Notations for Datum Parameters
        • Procedures for Updating the Well-Known Text
      • MDSYS.SDO_ANGLE_UNITS View
      • MDSYS.SDO_AREA_UNITS View
      • MDSYS.SDO_DATUMS_OLD_FORMAT and SDO_DATUMS_OLD_SNAPSHOT Tables
      • MDSYS.SDO_DIST_UNITS View
      • MDSYS.SDO_ELLIPSOIDS_OLD_FORMAT and SDO_ELLIPSOIDS_OLD_SNAPSHOT Tables
      • MDSYS.SDO_PROJECTIONS_OLD_FORMAT and SDO_PROJECTIONS_OLD_SNAPSHOT Tables
    • Creating a User-Defined Coordinate Reference System
      • Creating a Geodetic CRS
      • Creating a Projected CRS
      • Creating a Vertical CRS
      • Creating a Compound CRS
      • Creating a Geographic 3D CRS
      • Creating a Transformation Operation
      • Using British Grid Transformation OSTN02/OSGM02 (EPSG Method 9633)
    • Notes and Restrictions with Coordinate Systems Support
      • Different Coordinate Systems for Geometries with Operators and Functions
      • 3D LRS Functions Not Supported with Geodetic Data
      • Functions Supported by Approximations with Geodetic Data
      • Unknown CRS and NaC Coordinate Reference Systems
    • U.S. National Grid Support
    • Geohash Support
    • Google Maps Considerations
    • Example of Coordinate System Transformation
  • Linear Referencing System
    • LRS Terms and Concepts
      • Geometric Segments (LRS Segments)
      • Shape Points
      • Direction of a Geometric Segment
      • Measure (Linear Measure)
      • Offset
      • Measure Populating
      • Measure Range of a Geometric Segment
      • Projection
      • LRS Point
      • Linear Features
      • Measures with Multiline Strings and Polygons with Holes
    • LRS Data Model
    • Indexing of LRS Data
    • 3D Formats of LRS Functions
    • LRS Operations
      • Defining a Geometric Segment
      • Redefining a Geometric Segment
      • Clipping a Geometric Segment (Dynamic Segmentation)
      • Splitting a Geometric Segment
      • Concatenating Geometric Segments
      • Scaling a Geometric Segment
      • Offsetting a Geometric Segment
      • Locating a Point on a Geometric Segment
      • Projecting a Point onto a Geometric Segment
      • Converting LRS Geometries
    • Tolerance Values with LRS Functions
    • Example of LRS Functions
  • Location Tracking Server
    • About the Location Tracking Server
    • Location Tracking Set
    • Data Types for the Location Tracking Server
    • Data Structures for the Location Tracking Server
    • Workflow for the Location Tracking Server
  • Spatial Analysis and Mining
    • Spatial Information and Data Mining Applications
    • Spatial Binning for Detection of Regional Patterns
    • Materializing Spatial Correlation
    • Colocation Mining
    • Spatial Clustering
    • Location Prospecting
  • Extending Spatial Indexing Capabilities
    • SDO_GEOMETRY Objects in User-Defined Type Definitions
    • SDO_GEOMETRY Objects in Function-Based Indexes
      • Example: Function with Standard Types
      • Example: Function with a User-Defined Object Type
• Part II Spatial Web Services
  • Introduction to Spatial Web Services
    • Types of Spatial Web Services
    • Types of Users of Spatial Web Services
    • Deploying and Configuring Spatial Web Services
      • Preparing the WebLogic Server
      • Deploying Spatial Web Services in WebLogic Server
        • Setting up GDAL
        • Adding a WebLogic Data Source
        • Setting up the GeoRaster REST API
      • Configuring Each Spatial Web Service
        • Spatial Web Services Administration Console
  • Geocoding Address Data
    • Concepts for Geocoding
      • Address Representation
      • Match Modes
      • Match Codes
      • Error Messages for Output Geocoded Addresses
      • Match Vector for Output Geocoded Addresses
    • Data Types for Geocoding
      • SDO_GEO_ADDR Type
      • SDO_ADDR_ARRAY Type
      • SDO_KEYWORDARRAY Type
    • Using the Geocoding Capabilities
    • Geocoding from a Place Name
    • Data Structures for Geocoding
      • GC_ADDRESS_POINT_<suffix> Table and Index
      • GC_AREA_<suffix> Table
      • GC_COUNTRY_PROFILE Table
      • GC_INTERSECTION_<suffix> Table
      • GC_PARSER_PROFILES Table
      • GC_PARSER_PROFILEAFS Table
        • ADDRESS_FORMAT_STRING Description
      • GC_POI_<suffix> Table
      • GC_POSTAL_CODE_<suffix> Table
      • GC_ROAD_<suffix> Table
      • GC_ROAD_SEGMENT_<suffix> Table
      • Indexes on Tables for Geocoding
    • Installing the Profile Tables
    • Using the Geocoding Service (XML API)
      • Deploying and Configuring the J2EE Geocoder
        • Configuring the geocodercfg.xml File
      • Geocoding Request XML Schema Definition and Example
      • Geocoding Response XML Schema Definition and Example
  • Business Directory (Yellow Pages) Support
    • Business Directory Concepts
    • Using the Business Directory Capabilities
    • Data Structures for Business Directory Support
      • OPENLS_DIR_BUSINESSES Table
      • OPENLS_DIR_BUSINESS_CHAINS Table
      • OPENLS_DIR_CATEGORIES Table
      • OPENLS_DIR_CATEGORIZATIONS Table
      • OPENLS_DIR_CATEGORY_TYPES Table
      • OPENLS_DIR_SYNONYMS Table
  • Routing Engine
    • Routing
      • Simple Route Request
      • Simple Multi-address Route Request
      • Traveling Salesperson (TSP) Route Request
      • Batched Route Request
      • Batch Mode Route Request
      • Relationship between Routing Engine and Geocoder
    • Deploying the Routing Engine
      • Unpacking the routeserver.ear File
      • Editing the web.xml File for Routing Engine Deployment
      • Deploying the Routing Engine on WebLogic Server
    • Routing Engine XML API
      • Route Request and Response Examples
      • Route Request XML Schema Definition
        • route_request Element
        • route_request Attributes
        • input_location Element
        • pre_geocoded_location Element
      • Route Response XML Schema Definition
      • Batch Mode Route Request and Response Examples
      • Batch Route Request XML Schema Definition
        • batch_route_request Element
        • batch_route_request Attributes
      • Batch Route Response XML Schema
    • Location-Based Query Using the WSServlet XML API
      • Specifying One or More Locations
      • Speed Limit Support in WSServlet
        • Speed Limit Request and Response Examples
        • Speed Limit Request and Response Schema Definitions
      • Traffic Speed Support in WSServlet
        • Traffic Speed Request and Response Examples
        • Traffic Speed Request and Response Schema Definitions
      • WSServlet Exception Handling
    • Data Structures Used by the Routing Engine
      • EDGE Table
      • NODE Table
      • PARTITION Table
      • SIGN_POST Table
    • User Data Structures Used by the Routing Engine
      • Turn Restriction User Data
        • ROUTER_CONDITION Table
        • ROUTER_NAV_STRAND Table
        • ROUTER_TURN_RESTRICTION_DATA Table
      • Trucking User Data
        • ROUTER_TRANSPORT Table
        • ROUTER_TRUCKING_DATA Table
      • Time Zone User Data
        • ROUTER_TIMEZONES Table
        • ROUTER_TIMEZONE_DATA Table
      • Traffic User Data
        • TP_USER_DATA Table
  • OpenLS Support
    • Supported OpenLS Services
    • OpenLS Application Programming Interfaces
    • OpenLS Service Support and Examples
      • OpenLS Geocoding
      • OpenLS Mapping
      • OpenLS Routing
      • OpenLS Directory Service (YP)
  • Web Feature Service (WFS) Support
    • WFS Engine
    • Configuring the WFS Engine
      • Editing the WFSConfig.xml File
      • Data Source Setup for the WFS Engine
    • Managing Feature Types
    • Capabilities Documents (WFS)
    • WFS Operations: Requests and Responses with XML Examples
    • WFS Administration Console
    • Diagnosing WFS Issues
    • Using WFS with Oracle Workspace Manager
    • Dropping WFS Support (Release 21c or Later Only)
    • Updating a WFS Instance from an Oracle Database for a Release Before 21c to Release 21c or Later
  • Web Coverage Service (WCS) Support
    • Web Coverage Service Architecture
    • Database Schemas for WCS
    • Database Objects Used for WCS
    • PL/SQL Subprograms for Using WCS
    • Setting Up WCS Using WebLogic Server
      • Configuring the Database Schemas
      • Setting Up WCS Data Sources
      • Configuring GDAL for the WCS Server
    • WCS Administration Console
    • Oracle Implementation Extension for WCS
    • WCS Operations: Requests and Responses with XML Examples
      • GetCapabilities Operation (WCS)
      • DescribeCoverage Operation (WCS)
      • GetCoverage Operation (WCS)
    • WCS Extensions Implemented
    • Diagnosing WCS Issues
  • Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) Support
    • CSW Engine and Architecture
    • Database Schema and Objects for CSW
    • Configuring and Deploying the CSW Engine
    • Capabilities Documents (CSW)
    • CSW Major Operations (DCMI Profile)
      • Loading CSW 2.0.2 Data (DCMI)
      • Querying CSW 2.0.2 Data (DCMI)
      • CSW Operations: Requests and Responses with XML Examples (DCMI)
        • GetCapabilities Operation (CSW, DCMI)
        • DescribeRecord Operation (CSW, DCMI)
        • GetRecords Operation (CSW, DCMI)
        • GetRecordById Operation (CSW, DCMI)
    • CSW Major Operations (ISO Profile)
      • Loading CSW 2.0.2 Data (ISO)
      • Querying CSW 2.0.2 Data (ISO)
      • CSW Operations: Requests and Responses with XML Examples (ISO)
        • GetCapabilities Operation (CSW, ISO)
        • DescribeRecord Operation (CSW, ISO)
        • GetRecords Operation (CSW, ISO)
    • CSW Administration Console
    • Diagnosing CSW Issues
• Part III Reference Information
  • SQL Statements for Indexing Spatial Data
    • ALTER INDEX
    • ALTER INDEX REBUILD
    • ALTER INDEX RENAME TO
    • CREATE INDEX
    • DROP INDEX
  • Spatial Operators
    • SDO_ANYINTERACT
    • SDO_CONTAINS
    • SDO_COVEREDBY
    • SDO_COVERS
    • SDO_EQUAL
    • SDO_FILTER
    • SDO_GEOM_MBR
    • SDO_INSIDE
    • SDO_JOIN
    • SDO_NN
    • SDO_NN_DISTANCE
    • SDO_ON
    • SDO_OVERLAPBDYDISJOINT
    • SDO_OVERLAPBDYINTERSECT
    • SDO_OVERLAPS
    • SDO_POINTINPOLYGON
    • SDO_RELATE
    • SDO_TOUCH
    • SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE
  • Spatial Aggregate Functions
    • SDO_AGGR_CENTROID
    • SDO_AGGR_CONCAT_LINES
    • SDO_AGGR_CONCAVEHULL
    • SDO_AGGR_CONVEXHULL
    • SDO_AGGR_LRS_CONCAT
    • SDO_AGGR_MBR
    • SDO_AGGR_POINTAPPEND
    • SDO_AGGR_SET_UNION
    • SDO_AGGR_UNION
  • SDO_CS Package (Coordinate System Transformation)
    • SDO_CS.ADD_PREFERENCE_FOR_OP
    • SDO_CS.CONVERT_3D_SRID_TO_2D
    • SDO_CS.CONVERT_NADCON_TO_XML
    • SDO_CS.CONVERT_NTV2_TO_XML
    • SDO_CS.CONVERT_XML_TO_NADCON
    • SDO_CS.CONVERT_XML_TO_NTV2
    • SDO_CS.CREATE_CONCATENATED_OP
    • SDO_CS.CREATE_OBVIOUS_EPSG_RULES
    • SDO_CS.CREATE_PREF_CONCATENATED_OP
    • SDO_CS.DELETE_ALL_EPSG_RULES
    • SDO_CS.DELETE_OP
    • SDO_CS.DETERMINE_CHAIN
    • SDO_CS.DETERMINE_DEFAULT_CHAIN
    • SDO_CS.FIND_GEOG_CRS
    • SDO_CS.FIND_PROJ_CRS
    • SDO_CS.FIND_SRID
    • SDO_CS.FROM_GEOHASH
    • SDO_CS.FROM_OGC_SIMPLEFEATURE_SRS
    • SDO_CS.FROM_USNG
    • SDO_CS.GENERATE_SCRIPT_FROM_SRID
    • SDO_CS.GET_EPSG_DATA_VERSION
    • SDO_CS.GET_GEOHASH_CELL_HEIGHT
    • SDO_CS.GET_GEOHASH_CELL_WIDTH
    • SDO_CS.INSERT_SRID
    • SDO_CS.LOAD_EPSG_MATRIX
    • SDO_CS.MAKE_2D
    • SDO_CS.MAKE_3D
    • SDO_CS.MAP_EPSG_SRID_TO_ORACLE
    • SDO_CS.MAP_ORACLE_SRID_TO_EPSG
    • SDO_CS.REVOKE_PREFERENCE_FOR_OP
    • SDO_CS.TO_GEOHASH
    • SDO_CS.TO_OGC_SIMPLEFEATURE_SRS
    • SDO_CS.TO_USNG
    • SDO_CS.TRANSFORM
    • SDO_CS.TRANSFORM_LAYER
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_ALL_EPSG_CRS
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_EPSG_CRS
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_EPSG_DATUM
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_EPSG_ELLIPS
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_EPSG_OP
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_EPSG_PARAM
    • SDO_CS.UPDATE_WKTS_FOR_EPSG_PM
    • SDO_CS.VALIDATE_EPSG_MATRIX
    • SDO_CS.VALIDATE_WKT
  • SDO_CSW Package (Catalog Services for the Web)
    • SDO_CSW.CREATE_SPATIAL_IDX
    • SDO_CSW.CREATE_XQFT_IDX
    • SDO_CSW.INITIALIZE_CSW
    • SDO_CSW.SYNC_INDEX
  • SDO_GCDR Package (Geocoding)
    • SDO_GCDR.CREATE_PROFILE_TABLES
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_DRIVE_DISTANCE_POLYGON
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_DRIVE_TIME_POLYGON
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_GEOCODE
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_GEOCODE_AS_GEOM
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_GRANT_ACCESS
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_REVOKE_ACCESS
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_ROUTE
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_ROUTE_DISTANCE
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_ROUTE_GEOM
    • SDO_GCDR.ELOC_ROUTE_TIME
    • SDO_GCDR.GEOCODE
    • SDO_GCDR.GEOCODE_ADDR
    • SDO_GCDR.GEOCODE_ADDR_ALL
    • SDO_GCDR.GEOCODE_ALL
    • SDO_GCDR.GEOCODE_AS_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_GCDR.REVERSE_GEOCODE
  • SDO_GEOM Package (Geometry)
    • SDO_GEOM.DTW_DISTANCE
    • SDO_GEOM.RELATE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_ALPHA_SHAPE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_ARC_DENSIFY
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_AREA
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_BUFFER
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_CENTROID
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_CLOSEST_POINTS
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_CONCAVEHULL
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_CONCAVEHULL_BOUNDARY
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_CONVEXHULL
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_DIAMETER
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_DIAMETER_LINE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_DIFFERENCE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_DISTANCE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_INTERSECTION
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_LENGTH
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MAX_MBR_ORDINATE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MAXDISTANCE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MAXDISTANCE_LINE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MBC
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MBC_CENTER
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MBC_RADIUS
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MBR
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_MIN_MBR_ORDINATE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_POINTONSURFACE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_SELF_UNION
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_TRIANGULATE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_UNION
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_VOLUME
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_WIDTH
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_WIDTH_LINE
    • SDO_GEOM.SDO_XOR
    • SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_GEOMETRY_WITH_CONTEXT
    • SDO_GEOM.VALIDATE_LAYER_WITH_CONTEXT
    • SDO_GEOM.WITHIN_DISTANCE
  • SDO_LRS Package (Linear Referencing System)
    • SDO_LRS.CLIP_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.CONCATENATE_GEOM_SEGMENTS
    • SDO_LRS.CONNECTED_GEOM_SEGMENTS
    • SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_DIM_ARRAY
    • SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_GEOM
    • SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_LRS_LAYER
    • SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_DIM_ARRAY
    • SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_GEOM
    • SDO_LRS.CONVERT_TO_STD_LAYER
    • SDO_LRS.DEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.DYNAMIC_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.FIND_LRS_DIM_POS
    • SDO_LRS.FIND_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.FIND_OFFSET
    • SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_END_PT
    • SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_LENGTH
    • SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.GEOM_SEGMENT_START_PT
    • SDO_LRS.GET_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT
    • SDO_LRS.GET_NEXT_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT
    • SDO_LRS.GET_PREV_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.IS_GEOM_SEGMENT_DEFINED
    • SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_DECREASING
    • SDO_LRS.IS_MEASURE_INCREASING
    • SDO_LRS.IS_SHAPE_PT_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.LOCATE_PT
    • SDO_LRS.LRS_INTERSECTION
    • SDO_LRS.MEASURE_RANGE
    • SDO_LRS.MEASURE_TO_PERCENTAGE
    • SDO_LRS.OFFSET_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.PERCENTAGE_TO_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.PROJECT_PT
    • SDO_LRS.REDEFINE_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.RESET_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.REVERSE_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_LRS.REVERSE_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.SCALE_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.SET_PT_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.SPLIT_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.TRANSLATE_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.VALID_GEOM_SEGMENT
    • SDO_LRS.VALID_LRS_PT
    • SDO_LRS.VALID_MEASURE
    • SDO_LRS.VALIDATE_LRS_GEOMETRY
  • SDO_MIGRATE Package (Upgrading)
    • SDO_MIGRATE.TO_CURRENT
  • SDO_OLS Package (OpenLS)
    • SDO_OLS.MakeOpenLSClobRequest
    • SDO_OLS.MakeOpenLSRequest
  • SDO_PC_PKG Package (Point Clouds)
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CLIP_PC
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CLIP_PC_FLAT
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CLIP_PC_FLAT_STRING
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CLIP_PC_INTO_TABLE
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CREATE_CONTOUR_GEOMETRIES
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CREATE_PC
    • SDO_PC_PKG.CREATE_PC_UNIFIED
    • SDO_PC_PKG.DROP_DEPENDENCIES
    • SDO_PC_PKG.GENERATE_CROSS_SECTION_AS_GEOMS
    • SDO_PC_PKG.GET_PT_IDS
    • SDO_PC_PKG.HAS_PYRAMID
    • SDO_PC_PKG.INIT
    • SDO_PC_PKG.PC_DIFFERENCE
    • SDO_PC_PKG.PC2DEM
    • SDO_PC_PKG.PRESERVES_LEVEL1
    • SDO_PC_PKG.SDO_PC_NN
    • SDO_PC_PKG.SDO_PC_NN_FOR_EACH
    • SDO_PC_PKG.TO_GEOMETRY
  • SDO_SAM Package (Spatial Analysis and Mining)
    • SDO_SAM.AGGREGATES_FOR_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_SAM.AGGREGATES_FOR_LAYER
    • SDO_SAM.BIN_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_SAM.BIN_LAYER
    • SDO_SAM.COLOCATED_REFERENCE_FEATURES
    • SDO_SAM.SIMPLIFY_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_SAM.SIMPLIFY_LAYER
    • SDO_SAM.SPATIAL_CLUSTERS
    • SDO_SAM.TILED_AGGREGATES
    • SDO_SAM.TILED_BINS
  • SDO_TIN_PKG Package (TINs)
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.CLIP_TIN
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.CREATE_MESHES
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.CREATE_TIN
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.DROP_DEPENDENCIES
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.GET_BLOCKING_METHOD
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.GET_NUM_POINTS
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.GET_TIN_BLOCK_SORT_ORDER
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.INIT
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.LIST_TIN_COLUMNS
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.LIST_TINS
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.PROJECT_ORDINATES_ONTO_TIN
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.TO_DEM
    • SDO_TIN_PKG.TO_GEOMETRY
  • SDO_TRKR Package (Location Tracking)
    • SDO_TRKR.CREATE_TRACKING_SET
    • SDO_TRKR.DROP_TRACKING_SET
    • SDO_TRKR.GET_NOTIFICATION_MSG
    • SDO_TRKR.SEND_LOCATION_MSGS
    • SDO_TRKR.SEND_TRACKING_MSG
    • SDO_TRKR.START_TRACKING_SET
    • SDO_TRKR.STOP_TRACKING_SET
  • SDO_TUNE Package (Tuning)
    • SDO_TUNE.AVERAGE_MBR
    • SDO_TUNE.ESTIMATE_RTREE_INDEX_SIZE
    • SDO_TUNE.EXTENT_OF
    • SDO_TUNE.MIX_INFO
  • SDO_WCS Package (Web Coverage Service)
    • SDO_WCS.CreateTempTable
    • SDO_WCS.DropTempTable
    • SDO_WCS.GrantPrivilegesToWCS
    • SDO_WCS.Init
    • SDO_WCS.PublishCoverage
    • SDO_WCS.RevokePrivilegesFromWCS
    • SDO_WCS.UnpublishCoverage
    • SDO_WCS.ValidateCoverages
  • SDO_UTIL Package (Utility)
    • SDO_UTIL.AFFINETRANSFORMS
    • SDO_UTIL.APPEND
    • SDO_UTIL.BEARING_TILT_FOR_POINTS
    • SDO_UTIL.CIRCLE_POLYGON
    • SDO_UTIL.CONCAT_LINES
    • SDO_UTIL.CONVERT_UNIT
    • SDO_UTIL.CONVERT3007TO3008
    • SDO_UTIL.DELETE_SDO_GEOM_METADATA
    • SDO_UTIL.DENSIFY_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.DISABLE_VECTORTILE_CACHE
    • SDO_UTIL.DROP_WORK_TABLES
    • SDO_UTIL.ELLIPSE_POLYGON
    • SDO_UTIL.ENABLE_VECTORTILE_CACHE
    • SDO_UTIL.EXPAND_GEOM
    • SDO_UTIL.EXTRACT
    • SDO_UTIL.EXTRACT_ALL
    • SDO_UTIL.EXTRACT3D
    • SDO_UTIL.EXTRUDE
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_GEOJSON
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_GML311GEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_GMLGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_JSON
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_KMLGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_WKBGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.FROM_WKTGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.GEO_SEARCH
    • SDO_UTIL.GET_2D_FOOTPRINT
    • SDO_UTIL.GET_COORDINATE
    • SDO_UTIL.GET_TILE_ENVELOPE
    • SDO_UTIL.GET_VECTORTILE
    • SDO_UTIL.GETFIRSTVERTEX
    • SDO_UTIL.GETLASTVERTEX
    • SDO_UTIL.GETNUMELEM
    • SDO_UTIL.GETNUMVERTICES
    • SDO_UTIL.GETNURBSAPPROX
    • SDO_UTIL.GETVERTICES
    • SDO_UTIL.GRANT_VECTORTILE_CACHE
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_BASE_CELL
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_BOUNDARY
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_CENTER
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_HEX_AREA
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_HEX_EDGELEN
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_NUM_CELLS
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_IS_CLASS3
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_IS_PENTAGON
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_IS_VALID_CELL
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_KEY
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_MBR
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_PARENT
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_PENTAGON_AREA
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_PENTAGON_EDGELEN
    • SDO_UTIL.H3_RESOLUTION
    • SDO_UTIL.H3SUM_AS_TABLE
    • SDO_UTIL.H3SUM_CREATE_TABLE
    • SDO_UTIL.H3SUM_ESTIMATE_RESOLUTION
    • SDO_UTIL.H3SUM_GET_CURSOR
    • SDO_UTIL.H3SUM_LIST_TABLES
    • SDO_UTIL.H3SUM_VECTORTILE
    • SDO_UTIL.INITIALIZE_INDEXES_FOR_TTS
    • SDO_UTIL.INSERT_SDO_GEOM_METADATA
    • SDO_UTIL.INTERIOR_POINT
    • SDO_UTIL.LINEAR_KEY
    • SDO_UTIL.LINEAR_KEY_BOUNDARY
    • SDO_UTIL.POINT_AT_BEARING
    • SDO_UTIL.POLYGONTOLINE
    • SDO_UTIL.PURGE_VECTORTILE_CACHE
    • SDO_UTIL.RECTIFY_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.REMOVE_DUPLICATE_VERTICES
    • SDO_UTIL.REVERSE_LINESTRING
    • SDO_UTIL.REVOKE_VECTORTILE_CACHE
    • SDO_UTIL.SIMPLIFY
    • SDO_UTIL.SIMPLIFYVW
    • SDO_UTIL.THEME3D_GET_BLOCK_TABLE
    • SDO_UTIL.THEME3D_HAS_LOD
    • SDO_UTIL.THEME3D_HAS_TEXTURE
    • SDO_UTIL.TILE_GEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_GEOJSON
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_GEOJSON_JSON
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_GML311GEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_GMLGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_JSON
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_JSON_JSON
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_JSON_VARCHAR
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_KMLGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_WKBGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.TO_WKTGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_3DTHEME
    • SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_SCENE
    • SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_VIEWFRAME
    • SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_WKBGEOMETRY
    • SDO_UTIL.VALIDATE_WKTGEOMETRY
  • SDO_WFS_LOCK Package (WFS)
    • SDO_WFS_LOCK.EnableDBTxns
    • SDO_WFS_LOCK.RegisterFeatureTable
    • SDO_WFS_LOCK.UnRegisterFeatureTable
  • SDO_WFS_PROCESS Package (WFS Processing)
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.DropFeatureType
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.DropFeatureTypes
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GenCollectionProcs
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GetFeatureTypeId
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GrantFeatureTypeToUser
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.GrantMDAccessToUser
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.InsertCapabilitiesInfo
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.InsertFtDataUpdated
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.InsertFtMDUpdated
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.PopulateFeatureTypeXMLInfo
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.PublishFeatureType
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.Publish_FeatureTypes_In_Schema
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.RegisterMTableView
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.RevokeFeatureTypeFromUser
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.RevokeMDAccessFromUser
    • SDO_WFS_PROCESS.UnRegisterMTableView
• Supplementary Information
  • Installation, Migration, Compatibility, and Upgrade
    • Manually Installing Spatial
    • Migrating Spatial Data from One Database to Another
    • Ensuring That GeoRaster Works Properly After an Installation or Upgrade
      • Enabling GeoRaster at the Schema Level
      • Converting 4-band JPEG Compressed GeoRaster Objects
    • Index Maintenance Before and After an Upgrade (WFS and CSW)
    • Increasing the Size of Ordinate Arrays to Support Very Large Geometries
  • Complex Spatial Queries: Examples
    • Tables Used in the Examples
    • SDO_WITHIN_DISTANCE Examples
    • SDO_NN Examples
  • Loading ESRI Shapefiles into Spatial
    • Usage of the Shapefile Converter
    • Examples of the Shapefile Converter
  • Routing Engine Administration
    • Logging Administration Operations
      • CREATE_SDO_ROUTER_LOG_DIR Procedure
      • VALIDATE_SDO_ROUTER_LOG_DIR Procedure
    • Network Data Model (NDM) Network Administration
      • CREATE_ROUTER_NETWORK Procedure
      • DELETE_ROUTER_NETWORK Procedure
      • Network Creation Example
    • Routing Engine Data
      • PARTITION_ROUTER Procedure
      • CLEANUP_ROUTER Procedure
      • DUMP_PARTITIONS Procedure
      • VALIDATE_PARTITIONS Procedure
      • GET_VERSION Procedure
      • Routing Engine Data Examples
        • Partitioning a Small Data Set
        • Partitioning a Full Data Set
        • Dumping the Contents of a Partition
        • Validating the Contents of a Partition
        • Querying the Routing Engine Data Version
    • User Data
      • Restricted Driving Maneuvers User Data
      • CREATE_TURN_RESTRICTION_DATA Procedure
      • DUMP_TURN_RESTRICTION_DATA Procedure
      • CREATE_TRUCKING_DATA Procedure
      • DUMP_TRUCKING_DATA Procedure
      • CREATE_TIMEZONE_DATA Procedure
      • DUMP_TIMEZONE_DATA Procedure
      • User Data Examples
        • Rebuilding the Turn Restriction User Data
        • Dumping All Hard Turn Restriction User Data BLOBs
        • Rebuilding the Trucking User Data
        • Dumping the Trucking User Data Restrictions
        • Rebuilding the Time Zone User Data
        • Dumping All Time Zone User Data BLOBs
    • Other Functions and Procedures
• Glossary