man pages section 1: User Commands

Exit Print View

Updated: July 2014
 
 

xpr (1)

Name

xpr - print an X window dump

Synopsis

/usr/bin/xpr  [ -device devtype ] [ -scale scale ] [ -height
inches ] [ -width inches ] [ -left inches ] [ -top inches  ]
[  -header  string  ]  [  -trailer string ] [ -landscape ] [
-portrait ] [ -plane number ] [ -gray ] [ -rv ] [ -compact ]
[ -output filename ] [ -append filename ] [ -noff ] [ -split
n ] [ -papertype format ] [ -pheight inches  [  units  ]]  [
-pwidth  inches  [  units  ]]  [ -psfig ] [ -density dpi ] [
-cutoff level ] [ -noposition ]  [  -gamma  correction  ]  [
-render algorithm ] [ -slide ] [ filename ]

Description




User Commands                                              XPR(1)



NAME
     xpr - print an X window dump

SYNOPSIS
     /usr/bin/xpr  [ -device devtype ] [ -scale scale ] [ -height
     inches ] [ -width inches ] [ -left inches ] [ -top inches  ]
     [  -header  string  ]  [  -trailer string ] [ -landscape ] [
     -portrait ] [ -plane number ] [ -gray ] [ -rv ] [ -compact ]
     [ -output filename ] [ -append filename ] [ -noff ] [ -split
     n ] [ -papertype format ] [ -pheight inches  [  units  ]]  [
     -pwidth  inches  [  units  ]]  [ -psfig ] [ -density dpi ] [
     -cutoff level ] [ -noposition ]  [  -gamma  correction  ]  [
     -render algorithm ] [ -slide ] [ filename ]

DESCRIPTION
     xpr takes as input a window dump file produced by xwd(1) and
     formats it for output on PostScript  printers,  the  Digital
     LN03  or LA100, the IBM PP3812 page printer, the HP LaserJet
     (or other PCL printers), or the HP  PaintJet.   If  no  file
     argument  is given, the standard input is used.  By default,
     xpr prints the largest possible representation of the window
     on  the  output page.  Options allow the user to add headers
     and trailers, specify margins, adjust the scale and orienta-
     tion,  and  append  multiple window dumps to a single output
     file.  Output is to standard output unless -output is speci-
     fied.

     Command Options


     -device devtype
          Specifies the device on which the file will be printed.
          Currently supported:
                 la100
                      Digital LA100
                 ljet HP LaserJet series and other monochrome PCL
                      devices such as ThinkJet, QuietJet, Rugged-
                      Writer, HP2560 series,  and  HP2930  series
                      printers
                 ln03 Digital LN03
                 pjet HP PaintJet (color mode)
                 pjetxl
                      HP  HP  PaintJet  XL Color Graphics Printer
                      (color mode)
                 pp   IBM PP3812
                 ps   PostScript printer

          The default is PostScript.  -device lw (LaserWriter) is
          equivalent to -device ps and is provided only for back-
          wards compatibility.

     -scale scale



X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    1






User Commands                                              XPR(1)



          Affects the size of the window on the page.  The  Post-
          Script,  LN03,  and  HP  printers are able to translate
          each bit in a window pixel map into a grid of a  speci-
          fied size.  For example each bit might translate into a
          3x3 grid.  This would be specified  by  -scale  3.   By
          default a window is printed with the largest scale that
          will fit onto the page for the specified orientation.

     -height inches
          Specifies the maximum height of the page.

     -width inches
          Specifies the maximum width of the page.

     -left inches
          Specifies the left margin  in  inches.   Fractions  are
          allowed.   By  default  the  window  is centered in the
          page.

     -top inches
          Specifies the top margin for  the  picture  in  inches.
          Fractions are allowed.

     -header string
          Specifies  a header string to be printed above the win-
          dow.

     -trailer string
          Specifies a trailer string to be printed below the win-
          dow.

     -landscape
          Forces  the  window  to  printed in landscape mode.  By
          default a window is printed such that its longest  side
          follows the long side of the paper.

     -plane number
          Specifies  which  bit  plane  to  use in an image.  The
          default is to use the entire image and map values  into
          black and white based on color intensities.

     -gray  2 | 3 | 4
          Uses a simple 2x2, 3x3, or 4x4 gray scale conversion on
          a color image, rather than mapping  to  strictly  black
          and  white.   This  doubles, triples, or quadruples the
          effective width and height of the image.

     -portrait
          Forces the window to be printed in portrait  mode.   By
          default  a window is printed such that its longest side
          follows the long side of the paper.




X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    2






User Commands                                              XPR(1)



     -rv  Forces the window to be printed in reverse video.

     -compact
          Uses simple run-length encoding for compact representa-
          tion of windows with lots of white pixels.

     -output filename
          Specifies  an  output file name.  If this option is not
          specified, standard output is used.

     -append filename
          Specifies a filename  previously  produced  by  xpr  to
          which the window is to be appended.

     -noff
          When  specified in conjunction with -append, the window
          will appear on the same page as the previous window.

     -split n
          This option allows the user to split a window onto sev-
          eral  pages.   This  might  be necessary for very large
          windows that would otherwise cause the printer to over-
          load and print the page in an obscure manner.

     -papertype format
          Specifies  the  output  paper  format.   Currently sup-
          ported:
                 letter
                      letter size 8.5x11 inches
                 legal
                      legal size 8.5x14 inches
                 A0   A0  size  841x1189 mm or 33.11x46.81 inches
                 A1   A1  size  594x841  mm or 23.39x33.11 inches
                 A2   A2  size  420x594  mm or 16.54x23.39 inches
                 A3   A3  size  297x420  mm or 11.69x16.54 inches
                 A4   A4  size  210x297  mm or  8.27x11.69 inches
                 A5   A5  size  148x210  mm or  5.83x 8.27 inches
                 A6   A6  size  105x148  mm or  4.13x 5.83 inches
                 A7   A7  size   74x105  mm or  2.91x 4.13 inches
                 A8   A8  size   52x74   mm or  2.05x 2.91 inches
                 A9   A9  size   37x52   mm or  1.46x 2.05 inches
                 A10  A10 size   26x37   mm or  1.02x 1.46 inches
                 B0   B0  size 1000x1414 mm or 39.37x55.67
                 B1   B1  size  707x1000 mm or 27.83x39.37 inches
                 B2   B2  size  500x707  mm or 19.69x27.83 inches
                 B3   B3  size  353x500  mm or 13.90x19.69 inches
                 B4   B4  size  250x353  mm or  9.84x13.90 inches
                 B5   B5  size  176x250  mm or  6.93x 9.84 inches
                 B6   B6  size  125x176  mm or  4.92x 6.93 inches
                 B7   B7  size   88x125  mm or  3.46x 4.92 inches
                 B8   B8  size   62x88   mm or  2.44x 3.46 inches
                 B9   B9  size   44x62   mm or  1.73x 2.44 inches



X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    3






User Commands                                              XPR(1)



                 B10  B10 size   31x44   mm or  1.22x 1.73 inches
                 C0   C0  size  917x1297 mm or 36.10x51.06 inches
                 C1   C1  size  648x917  mm or 25.51x36.10 inches
                 C2   C2  size  458x648  mm or 18.03x25.51 inches
                 C3   C3  size  324x458  mm or 12.76x18.03 inches
                 C4   C4  size  229x324  mm or  9.02x12.76 inches
                 C5   C5  size  162x229  mm or  6.38x 9.02 inches
                 C6   C6  size  114x162  mm or  4.49x 6.38 inches
                 C7   C7  size   81x114  mm or  3.19x 4.49 inches
                 C8   C8  size   57x81   mm or  2.24x 3.19 inches
                 C9   C9  size   40x57   mm or  1.57x 2.24 inches
                 C10  C10 size   28x40   mm or  1.10x 1.57 inches

     -pheight inches [ units ]
          This option allows the user to specify a specific paper
          height.  The  default units are in inches (in), but may
          be overridden with cm or mm for centimeters or millime-
          ters respectively.

     -pwidth inches [ units ]
          This option allows the user to specify a specific paper
          width. The default units are in inches (in), but may be
          overridden with cm or mm for centimeters or millimeters
          respectively.
           .IP "-psfig" Suppress translation  of  the  PostScript
          picture to the center of the page.

     -density dpi
          Indicates  what  dot-per-inch density should be used by
          the HP printer.

     -cutoff level
          Changes the intensity level where colors are mapped  to
          either black or white for monochrome output on a Laser-
          Jet printer.  The level is expressed as  percentage  of
          full brightness.  Fractions are allowed.

     -noposition
          This option causes header, trailer, and image position-
          ing command generation to  be  bypassed  for  LaserJet,
          PaintJet and PaintJet XL printers.

     -gamma correction
          This  changes  the  intensity  of the colors printed by
          PaintJet XL printer. The correction is a floating point
          value  in  the  range 0.00 to 3.00.  Consult the opera-
          tor's manual to determine the  correct  value  for  the
          specific printer.

     -render algorithm
          This  allows  PaintJet  XL  printer to render the image
          with the  best  quality  versus  performance  tradeoff.



X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    4






User Commands                                              XPR(1)



          Consult  the operator's manual to determine which algo-
          rithms are available.

     -slide
          This  option  allows  overhead  transparencies  to   be
          printed using the PaintJet and PaintJet XL printers.


SEE ALSO
     xwd(1), xwud(1), X(1)

LIMITATIONS
     The  current  version  of xpr can generally print out on the
     LN03 most X windows that are not larger than  two-thirds  of
     the  screen.   For  example,  it will be able to print out a
     large Emacs window, but it will usually fail when trying  to
     print  out  the  entire screen.  The LN03 has memory limita-
     tions that can cause it to incorrectly print very  large  or
     complex windows.  The two most common errors encountered are
     ``band too complex'' and ``page memory exceeded.''   In  the
     first  case,  a  window  may have a particular six pixel row
     that contains too many  changes  (from  black  to  white  to
     black).   This  will  cause  the printer to drop part of the
     line and possibly parts  of  the  rest  of  the  page.   The
     printer  will  flash  the number `1' on its front panel when
     this problem occurs.  A possible solution to this problem is
     to  increase  the scale of the picture, or to split the pic-
     ture onto two or more pages.   The  second  problem,  ``page
     memory  exceeded,''  will  occur if the picture contains too
     much black, or if the picture  contains  complex  half-tones
     such  as the background color of a display.  When this prob-
     lem occurs the printer will automatically split the  picture
     into  two or more pages.  It may flash the number `5' on its
     from panel.  There is no easy solution to this problem.   It
     will  probably  be  necessary to either cut and paste, or to
     rework the application to produce a less complex picture.

     There are several limitations on the LA100 support: the pic-
     ture  will  always  be printed in portrait mode, there is no
     scaling, and the aspect ratio will be slightly off.

     Support for PostScript output currently  cannot  handle  the
     -append, -noff or -split options.

     The -compact option is only supported for PostScript output.
     It compresses white space but not black space, so it is  not
     useful for reverse-video windows.

     For  color  images,  should map directly to PostScript image
     support.





X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    5






User Commands                                              XPR(1)



HP PRINTERS
     If no -density is specified on the command line 300 dots per
     inch will be assumed for ljet and 90 dots per inch for pjet.
     Allowable density values for a  LaserJet  printer  are  300,
     150, 100, and 75 dots per inch.  Consult the operator's man-
     ual to determine densities supported by other printers.

     If no -scale is specified the image will be expanded to  fit
     the printable page area.

     The  default  printable  page  area  is 8x10.5 inches. Other
     paper sizes can be accommodated using the -height and -width
     options.

     Note  that  a 1024x768 image fits the default printable area
     when processed at 100 dpi with scale=1, the same  image  can
     also  be printed using 300 dpi with scale=3 but will require
     considerably more data be transferred to the printer.

     xpr may be tailored for use  with  monochrome  PCL  printers
     other  than  the LaserJet.  To print on a ThinkJet (HP2225A)
     xpr could be invoked as:

         xpr -density 96 -width 6.667 filename

     or for black-and-white output to a PaintJet:

         xpr -density 180 filename

     The monochrome intensity of a pixel is computed as 0.30*R  +
     0.59*G  +  0.11*B.   If a pixel's computed intensity is less
     than the -cutoff level it will print as  white.   This  maps
     light-on-dark  display  images  to  black-on-white hardcopy.
     The default cutoff intensity  is  50%  of  full  brightness.
     Example:  specifying  -cutoff  87.5  moves  the  white/black
     intensity point to 87.5% of full brightness.

     A LaserJet printer must be configured with sufficient memory
     to  handle  the image.  For a full page at 300 dots per inch
     approximately 2MB of printer memory is required.

     Color images are produced on the PaintJet  at  90  dots  per
     inch.   The  PaintJet  is limited to sixteen colors from its
     330 color palette on each horizontal print line.   xpr  will
     issue  a  warning  message  if  more than sixteen colors are
     encountered on a line.  xpr will program  the  PaintJet  for
     the  first  sixteen  colors encountered on each line and use
     the nearest  matching  programmed  value  for  other  colors
     present on the line.

     Specifying  the  -rv, reverse video, option for the PaintJet
     will cause black and white to be interchanged on the  output



X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    6






User Commands                                              XPR(1)



     image.  No other colors are changed.

     Multiplane images must be recorded by xwd in ZPixmap format.
     Single plane (monochrome) images may be in  either  XYPixmap
     or ZPixmap format.

     Some  PCL  printers  do not recognize image positioning com-
     mands.  Output for these printers will not  be  centered  on
     the page and header and trailer strings may not appear where
     expected.

     The -gamma and -render options are  supported  only  on  the
     PaintJet XL printers.

     The -slide option is not supported for LaserJet printers.

     The -split option is not supported for HP printers.

     The -gray option is not supported for HP or IBM printers.
     Copyright 1986, Marvin Solomon and the University of Wiscon-
     sin.
     Copyright 1988, Hewlett Packard Company.
     See X(1) for a full statement of rights and permissions.

AUTHORS
     Michael R. Gretzinger, MIT Project Athena,  Jose  Capo,  MIT
     Project  Athena (PP3812 support), Marvin Solomon, University
     of Wisconsin, Bob Scheifler, MIT, Angela Bock  and  E.  Mike
     Durbin,  Rich  Inc.  (grayscale), Larry Rupp, HP (HP printer
     support).


ATTRIBUTES
     See  attributes(5)  for  descriptions   of   the   following
     attributes:

     +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
     |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE         |      ATTRIBUTE VALUE        |
     +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
     |Availability                 |x11/x11-window-dump          |
     +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
     |Interface Stability          |Committed                    |
     +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+












X Version 11          Last change: Release 6                    7