htdbm
(1)
名前
htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases
形式
htdbm [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [ -v
] [ -x ] filename username
htdbm -b [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [
-v ] filename username password
htdbm -n [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [ -v ] username
htdbm -nb [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [ -v ] user-
name password
htdbm -v [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [
-v ] filename username
htdbm -vb [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [
-v ] filename username password
htdbm -x [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] filename user-
name
htdbm -l [ -TDBTYPE ]
説明
htdbm HTDBM(1)
NAME
htdbm - Manipulate DBM password databases
SYNOPSIS
htdbm [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [ -v
] [ -x ] filename username
htdbm -b [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [
-v ] filename username password
htdbm -n [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [ -v ] username
htdbm -nb [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [ -v ] user-
name password
htdbm -v [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [
-v ] filename username
htdbm -vb [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -c ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] [ -t ] [
-v ] filename username password
htdbm -x [ -TDBTYPE ] [ -m | -d | -p | -s ] filename user-
name
htdbm -l [ -TDBTYPE ]
SUMMARY
htdbm is used to manipulate the DBM format files used to
store usernames and password for basic authentication of
HTTP users via mod_authn_dbm. See the dbmmanage documenta-
tion for more information about these DBM files.
OPTIONS
-b Use batch mode; i.e., get the password from the command
line rather than prompting for it. This option should
be used with extreme care, since the password is
clearly visible on the command line.
-c Create the passwdfile. If passwdfile already exists, it
is rewritten and truncated. This option cannot be
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htdbm HTDBM(1)
combined with the -n option.
-n Display the results on standard output rather than
updating a database. This option changes the syntax of
the command line, since the passwdfile argument (usu-
ally the first one) is omitted. It cannot be combined
with the -c option.
-m Use MD5 encryption for passwords. On Windows, Netware
and TPF, this is the default.
-d Use crypt() encryption for passwords. The default on
all platforms but Windows, Netware and TPF. Though pos-
sibly supported by htdbm on all platforms, it is not
supported by the httpd server on Windows, Netware and
TPF.
-s Use SHA encryption for passwords. Facilitates migration
from/to Netscape servers using the LDAP Directory
Interchange Format (ldif).
-p Use plaintext passwords. Though htdbm will support cre-
ation on all platforms, the httpd daemon will only
accept plain text passwords on Windows, Netware and
TPF.
-l Print each of the usernames and comments from the data-
base on stdout.
-t Interpret the final parameter as a comment. When this
option is specified, an additional string can be
appended to the command line; this string will be
stored in the "Comment" field of the database, associ-
ated with the specified username.
-v Verify the username and password. The program will
print a message indicating whether the supplied pass-
word is valid. If the password is invalid, the program
exits with error code 3.
-x Delete user. If the username exists in the specified
DBM file, it will be deleted.
filename
The filename of the DBM format file. Usually without
the extension .db, .pag, or .dir. If -c is given, the
DBM file is created if it does not already exist, or
updated if it does exist.
username
The username to create or update in passwdfile. If
username does not exist in this file, an entry is
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htdbm HTDBM(1)
added. If it does exist, the password is changed.
password
The plaintext password to be encrypted and stored in
the DBM file. Used only with the -b flag.
-TDBTYPE
Type of DBM file (SDBM, GDBM, DB, or "default").
BUGS
One should be aware that there are a number of different DBM
file formats in existence, and with all likelihood,
libraries for more than one format may exist on your system.
The three primary examples are SDBM, NDBM, GNU GDBM, and
Berkeley/Sleepycat DB 2/3/4. Unfortunately, all these
libraries use different file formats, and you must make sure
that the file format used by filename is the same format
that htdbm expects to see. htdbm currently has no way of
determining what type of DBM file it is looking at. If used
against the wrong format, will simply return nothing, or may
create a different DBM file with a different name, or at
worst, it may corrupt the DBM file if you were attempting to
write to it.
One can usually use the file program supplied with most Unix
systems to see what format a DBM file is in.
EXIT STATUS
htdbm returns a zero status ("true") if the username and
password have been successfully added or updated in the DBM
File. htdbm returns 1 if it encounters some problem access-
ing files, 2 if there was a syntax problem with the command
line, 3 if the password was entered interactively and the
verification entry didn't match, 4 if its operation was
interrupted, 5 if a value is too long (username, filename,
password, or final computed record), 6 if the username con-
tains illegal characters (see the Restrictions section), and
7 if the file is not a valid DBM password file.
EXAMPLES
htdbm /usr/local/etc/apache/.htdbm-users jsmith
Adds or modifies the password for user jsmith. The user is
prompted for the password. If executed on a Windows system,
the password will be encrypted using the modified Apache MD5
algorithm; otherwise, the system's crypt() routine will be
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used. If the file does not exist, htdbm will do nothing
except return an error.
htdbm -c /home/doe/public_html/.htdbm jane
Creates a new file and stores a record in it for user jane.
The user is prompted for the password. If the file exists
and cannot be read, or cannot be written, it is not altered
and htdbm will display a message and return an error status.
htdbm -mb /usr/web/.htdbm-all jones Pwd4Steve
Encrypts the password from the command line (Pwd4Steve)
using the MD5 algorithm, and stores it in the specified
file.
SECURITY CONSIDERATIONS
Web password files such as those managed by htdbm should not
be within the Web server's URI space -- that is, they should
not be fetchable with a browser.
The use of the -b option is discouraged, since when it is
used the unencrypted password appears on the command line.
RESTRICTIONS
On the Windows and MPE platforms, passwords encrypted with
htdbm are limited to no more than 255 characters in length.
Longer passwords will be truncated to 255 characters.
The MD5 algorithm used by htdbm is specific to the Apache
software; passwords encrypted using it will not be usable
with other Web servers.
Usernames are limited to 255 bytes and may not include the
character :.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following
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attributes:
+---------------+----------------------+
|ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
+---------------+----------------------+
|Availability | web/server/apache-22 |
+---------------+----------------------+
|Stability | Uncommitted |
+---------------+----------------------+
NOTES
This software was built from source available at
https://java.net/projects/solaris-userland. The original
community source was downloaded from http://ar-
chive.apache.org/dist/httpd/httpd-2.2.27.tar.gz
Further information about this software can be found on the
open source community website at http://httpd.apache.org/.
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