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Updated: Wednesday, July 27, 2022
 
 

wm (1t)

Name

wm - Communicate with window manager

Synopsis

wm option window ?args?

Description

wm(1t)                       Tk Built-In Commands                       wm(1t)



______________________________________________________________________________

NAME
       wm - Communicate with window manager

SYNOPSIS
       wm option window ?args?
______________________________________________________________________________

DESCRIPTION
       The  wm  command  is  used to interact with window managers in order to
       control such things as the title for a window,  its  geometry,  or  the
       increments  in  terms  of  which it may be resized.  The wm command can
       take any of a number of different forms, depending on the option  argu-
       ment.   All  of the forms expect at least one additional argument, win-
       dow, which must be the path name of a top-level window.

       The legal forms for the wm command are:

       wm aspect window ?minNumer minDenom maxNumer maxDenom?
              If minNumer, minDenom, maxNumer, and maxDenom are all specified,
              then  they  will  be passed to the window manager and the window
              manager should use them to enforce a range of acceptable  aspect
              ratios  for  window.   The aspect ratio of window (width/length)
              will be constrained to lie between minNumer/minDenom and  maxNu-
              mer/maxDenom.   If  minNumer  etc.  are  all  specified as empty
              strings,  then  any  existing  aspect  ratio  restrictions   are
              removed.   If  minNumer  etc.  are  specified,  then the command
              returns an empty string.  Otherwise, it returns a Tcl list  con-
              taining four elements, which are the current values of minNumer,
              minDenom, maxNumer, and maxDenom (if no aspect restrictions  are
              in effect, then an empty string is returned).

       wm attributes window

       wm attributes window ?option?

       wm attributes window ?option value option value...?
              This  subcommand  returns  or  sets platform specific attributes
              associated with a window. The first form returns a list  of  the
              platform  specific  flags  and  their  values.  The  second form
              returns the value for the specific option. The third  form  sets
              one or more of the values. The values are as follows:

              All platforms support the following attributes (though X11 users
              should see the notes below):

              -alpha Specifies the alpha transparency level of  the  toplevel.
                     It  accepts  a  value from 0.0 (fully transparent) to 1.0
                     (opaque).  Values outside that range will be constrained.
                     Where not supported, the -alpha value remains at 1.0.

              -fullscreen
                     Places  the  window  in  a  mode that takes up the entire
                     screen, has no borders, and covers the general  use  area
                     (i.e. Start menu and taskbar on Windows, dock and menubar
                     on OSX, general window decorations on X11).

              -topmost
                     Specifies whether this  is  a  topmost  window  (displays
                     above all other windows).

              On Windows, the following attributes may be set.

              -disabled
                     Specifies whether the window is in a disabled state.

              -toolwindow
                     Specifies  a  toolwindow  style window (as defined in the
                     MSDN).

              -transparentcolor
                     Specifies the transparent color index  of  the  toplevel.
                     It takes any color value accepted by Tk_GetColor.  If the
                     empty string is specified (default), no transparent color
                     is  used.   This is supported on Windows 2000/XP+.  Where
                     not supported, the -transparentcolor value remains at {}.

              On Mac OS X, the following attributes may be set.

              -modified
                     Specifies the modification state of  the  window  (deter-
                     mines  whether the window close widget contains the modi-
                     fication indicator and whether the proxy  icon  is  drag-
                     gable).

              -notify
                     Specifies  process  notification  state  (bouncing of the
                     application dock icon).

              -titlepath
                     Specifies the path of the file referenced as  the  window
                     proxy  icon  (which can be dragged and dropped in lieu of
                     the file's finder icon).

              -transparent
                     Makes the window content area transparent and  turns  off
                     the  window shadow. For the transparency to be effective,
                     the toplevel background needs to be set to a  color  with
                     some alpha, e.g.  "systemTransparent".

              On  X11, the following attributes may be set. These are not sup-
              ported by all window managers, and will  have  no  effect  under
              older WMs.

              -type  Requests  that  the  window  should be interpreted by the |
                     window manager as being of the  specified  type(s).  This |
                     may  cause  the window to be decorated in a different way |
                     or otherwise managed  differently,  though  exactly  what |
                     happens  is  entirely up to the window manager. A list of |
                     types may be used, in order of preference. The  following |
                     values are mapped to constants defined in the EWMH speci- |
                     fication (using others is possible, but not advised):     |

                     desktop                                                   |
                            indicates a desktop feature,                       |

                     dock                                                      |
                            indicates a dock/panel feature,                    |

                     toolbar                                                   |
                            indicates a toolbar window that should  be  acting |
                            on  behalf of another window, as indicated with wm |
                            transient,                                         |

                     menu                                                      |
                            indicates a torn-off menu that should be acting on |
                            behalf  of  another  window,  as indicated with wm |
                            transient,                                         |

                     utility                                                   |
                            indicates a utility window (e.g., palette or tool- |
                            box)  that  should  be acting on behalf of another |
                            window, as indicated with wm transient,            |

                     splash                                                    |
                            indicates a splash screen, displayed during appli- |
                            cation start up,                                   |

                     dialog                                                    |
                            indicates  a general dialog window, that should be |
                            acting on behalf of another window,  as  indicated |
                            with wm transient,                                 |

                     dropdown_menu                                             |
                            indicates  a  menu summoned from a menu bar, which |
                            should usually also be set  to  be  override-redi- |
                            rected (with wm overrideredirect),                 |

                     popup_menu                                                |
                            indicates  a popup menu, which should usually also |
                            be set to be override-redirected (with wm overrid- |
                            eredirect),                                        |

                     tooltip                                                   |
                            indicates  a  tooltip window, which should usually |
                            also be set to  be  override-redirected  (with  wm |
                            overrideredirect),                                 |

                     notification                                              |
                            indicates  a  window  that  provides  a background |
                            notification of some event, which  should  usually |
                            also  be  set  to  be override-redirected (with wm |
                            overrideredirect),                                 |

                     combo                                                     |
                            indicates the drop-down list of a combobox widget, |
                            which  should  usually also be set to be override- |
                            redirected (with wm overrideredirect),             |

                     dnd                                                       |
                            indicates a window that represents something being |
                            dragged,  which  should  usually also be set to be |
                            override-redirected (with wm overrideredirect),    |

                     normal                                                    |
                            indicates a window that has no special interpreta- |
                            tion.                                              |

              -zoomed
                     Requests that the window should be maximized. This is the
                     same as wm state zoomed on Windows and Mac OS X.

              On  X11,  changes  to  window  attributes  are  performed  asyn-
              chronously.  Querying the value of an attribute returns the cur-
              rent state, which will  not  be  the  same  as  the  value  most
              recently  set  if  the  window manager has not yet processed the
              request or if it does not support the attribute.

       wm client window ?name?
              If name is specified, this command stores name (which should  be
              the  name  of the host on which the application is executing) in
              window's WM_CLIENT_MACHINE property for use by the  window  man-
              ager or session manager.  The command returns an empty string in
              this case.  If name is not specified, the  command  returns  the
              last  name  set  in  a wm client command for window.  If name is
              specified  as  an  empty  string,  the   command   deletes   the
              WM_CLIENT_MACHINE property from window.

       wm colormapwindows window ?windowList?
              This command is used to manipulate the WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS prop-
              erty, which provides information to the  window  managers  about
              windows that have private colormaps.

              If windowList is not specified, the command returns a list whose
              elements are the names of the windows in the WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS
              property.   If windowList is specified, it consists of a list of
              window path names;  the command overwrites the  WM_COLORMAP_WIN-
              DOWS  property  with  the  given  windows  and  returns an empty
              string.  The WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS property should  normally  con-
              tain  a  list  of  the internal windows within window whose col-
              ormaps differ from their parents.

              The order of the windows in the property  indicates  a  priority
              order:  the  window manager will attempt to install as many col-
              ormaps as possible from the head of this list when  window  gets
              the colormap focus.  If window is not included among the windows
              in windowList, Tk implicitly adds it at the end of  the  WM_COL-
              ORMAP_WINDOWS property, so that its colormap is lowest in prior-
              ity.  If wm colormapwindows is not invoked,  Tk  will  automati-
              cally  set  the  property  for  each top-level window to all the
              internal windows whose colormaps differ from their parents, fol-
              lowed  by  the top-level itself;  the order of the internal win-
              dows is undefined.  See the ICCCM documentation for more  infor-
              mation on the WM_COLORMAP_WINDOWS property.

       wm command window ?value?
              If  value  is  specified,  this command stores value in window's
              WM_COMMAND property for use by the  window  manager  or  session
              manager  and  returns  an  empty string.  Value must have proper
              list structure;  the elements should contain the  words  of  the
              command  used to invoke the application.  If value is not speci-
              fied then the command returns the last value set in a wm command
              command  for  window.  If value is specified as an empty string,
              the command deletes the WM_COMMAND property from window.

       wm deiconify window
              Arrange for window to be  displayed  in  normal  (non-iconified)
              form.   This  is  done by mapping the window.  If the window has
              never been mapped then this command will not map the window, but
              it  will  ensure that when the window is first mapped it will be
              displayed in de-iconified form.  On Windows, a deiconified  win-
              dow  will also be raised and be given the focus (made the active
              window).  Returns an empty string.

       wm focusmodel window ?active|passive?
              If active or passive is supplied as an optional argument to  the
              command,  then it specifies the focus model for window.  In this
              case the command returns an  empty  string.   If  no  additional
              argument is supplied, then the command returns the current focus
              model for window.

              An active focus model means that window  will  claim  the  input
              focus  for  itself  or  its  descendants, even at times when the
              focus is currently in some  other  application.   Passive  means
              that  window  will never claim the focus for itself:  the window
              manager should give the focus to window  at  appropriate  times.
              However,  once  the focus has been given to window or one of its
              descendants, the application may re-assign the focus among  win-
              dow's  descendants.   The  focus  model defaults to passive, and
              Tk's focus command assumes a passive model of focusing.

       wm forget window
              The window will be unmapped from the screen and will  no  longer
              be  managed  by  wm.   Windows created with the toplevel command
              will be treated like frame windows once they are no longer  man-
              aged  by wm, however, the -menu configuration will be remembered
              and the menus will return once the widget is managed again.

       wm frame window
              If window has been reparented by the window manager into a deco-
              rative  frame,  the command returns the platform specific window
              identifier for the outermost frame  that  contains  window  (the
              window whose parent is the root or virtual root).  If window has
              not been reparented by  the  window  manager  then  the  command
              returns the platform specific window identifier for window.

       wm geometry window ?newGeometry?
              If  newGeometry  is  specified,  then  the geometry of window is
              changed and an empty string is returned.  Otherwise the  current
              geometry  for window is returned (this is the most recent geome-
              try specified either by manual resizing or in a wm geometry com-
              mand).   NewGeometry has the form =widthxheight+-x+-y, where any
              of =, widthxheight, or +-x+-y may be omitted.  Width and  height
              are  positive integers specifying the desired dimensions of win-
              dow.  If window is  gridded  (see  GRIDDED  GEOMETRY  MANAGEMENT
              below)  then the dimensions are specified in grid units;  other-
              wise they are specified in pixel units.

              X and y specify the desired location of window on the screen, in
              pixels.   If x is preceded by +, it specifies the number of pix-
              els between the left edge of the screen and  the  left  edge  of
              window's  border;   if preceded by - then x specifies the number
              of pixels between the right edge of the  screen  and  the  right
              edge  of  window's border.  If y is preceded by + then it speci-
              fies the number of pixels between the top of the screen and  the
              top of window's border;  if y is preceded by - then it specifies
              the number of pixels between the bottom of window's  border  and
              the bottom of the screen.

              If newGeometry is specified as an empty string then any existing
              user-specified geometry for window is cancelled, and the  window
              will revert to the size requested internally by its widgets.

              Note  that  this is related to winfo geometry, but not the same.
              That can only query the geometry, and always reflects Tk's  cur-
              rent  understanding  of  the actual size and location of window,
              whereas wm geometry allows both setting and querying of the win-
              dow manager's understanding of the size and location of the win-
              dow. This can vary significantly, for  example  to  reflect  the
              addition  of  decorative  elements to window such as title bars,
              and window managers are not required  to  precisely  follow  the
              requests made through this command.

       wm grid window ?baseWidth baseHeight widthInc heightInc?
              This command indicates that window is to be managed as a gridded
              window.  It also specifies the relationship between  grid  units
              and pixel units.  BaseWidth and baseHeight specify the number of
              grid units  corresponding  to  the  pixel  dimensions  requested
              internally  by  window  using  Tk_GeometryRequest.  WidthInc and
              heightInc specify the number of pixels in  each  horizontal  and
              vertical  grid  unit.   These  four  values determine a range of
              acceptable sizes for window, corresponding to grid-based  widths
              and  heights  that are non-negative integers.  Tk will pass this
              information to the window manager;  during manual resizing,  the
              window  manager  will restrict the window's size to one of these
              acceptable sizes.

              Furthermore, during manual resizing the window manager will dis-
              play  the  window's  current  size in terms of grid units rather
              than pixels.  If baseWidth  etc.  are  all  specified  as  empty
              strings, then window will no longer be managed as a gridded win-
              dow.  If baseWidth etc. are specified then the return  value  is
              an empty string.

              Otherwise  the  return  value is a Tcl list containing four ele-
              ments  corresponding  to  the  current  baseWidth,   baseHeight,
              widthInc,  and  heightInc;   if window is not currently gridded,
              then an empty string is returned.

              Note: this command should not be needed very  often,  since  the
              Tk_SetGrid library procedure and the setGrid option provide eas-
              ier access to the same functionality.

       wm group window ?pathName?
              If pathName is specified, it gives the path name for the  leader
              of  a group of related windows.  The window manager may use this
              information, for example, to unmap all of the windows in a group
              when the group's leader is iconified.  PathName may be specified
              as an empty string to remove window from any group  association.
              If  pathName  is  specified  then  the  command returns an empty
              string;  otherwise it returns the path name of window's  current
              group  leader,  or  an empty string if window is not part of any
              group.

       wm iconbitmap window ?bitmap?
              If bitmap is specified, then it names a bitmap in  the  standard
              forms  accepted  by  Tk  (see  the Tk_GetBitmap manual entry for
              details).  This bitmap is passed to the  window  manager  to  be
              displayed  in  window's  icon,  and the command returns an empty
              string.  If an empty string is specified for  bitmap,  then  any
              current icon bitmap is cancelled for window.  If bitmap is spec-
              ified then the command returns an empty  string.   Otherwise  it
              returns the name of the current icon bitmap associated with win-
              dow, or an empty string if window has no icon  bitmap.   On  the
              Windows operating system, an additional flag is supported:

              wm iconbitmap window ?-default? ?image?
                     If the -default flag is given, the icon is applied to all
                     toplevel windows (existing and future) to which no  other
                     specific  icon has yet been applied.  In addition to bit-
                     map image types, a full path specification  to  any  file
                     which  contains  a  valid  Windows  icon is also accepted
                     (usually .ico or .icr files), or any file for  which  the
                     shell  has  assigned an icon.  Tcl will first test if the
                     file contains an icon, then if it has an  assigned  icon,
                     and finally, if that fails, test for a bitmap.

       wm iconify window
              Arrange  for window to be iconified.  It window has not yet been
              mapped for the first time, this command will arrange for  it  to
              appear in the iconified state when it is eventually mapped.

       wm iconmask window ?bitmap?
              If  bitmap  is specified, then it names a bitmap in the standard
              forms accepted by Tk (see  the  Tk_GetBitmap  manual  entry  for
              details).   This  bitmap  is  passed to the window manager to be
              used as a mask in conjunction with the iconbitmap option:  where
              the  mask  has  zeroes  no icon will be displayed;  where it has
              ones, the bits from the icon bitmap will be  displayed.   If  an
              empty  string is specified for bitmap then any current icon mask
              is cancelled for window (this is equivalent to specifying a bit-
              map  of  all  ones).   If  bitmap  is specified then the command
              returns an empty string.  Otherwise it returns the name  of  the
              current  icon mask associated with window, or an empty string if
              no mask is in effect.

       wm iconname window ?newName?
              If newName is specified, then it is passed to  the  window  man-
              ager;  the window manager should display newName inside the icon
              associated with  window.   In  this  case  an  empty  string  is
              returned  as  result.  If newName is not specified then the com-
              mand returns the current icon  name  for  window,  or  an  empty
              string if no icon name has been specified (in this case the win-
              dow manager will normally display the window's title, as  speci-
              fied with the wm title command).

       wm iconphoto window ?-default? image1 ?image2 ...?
              Sets  the  titlebar  icon  for  window  based on the named photo
              images.  If -default is specified, this is applied to all future
              created toplevels as well.  The data in the images is taken as a
              snapshot at the time of invocation.  If  the  images  are  later
              changed,  this is not reflected to the titlebar icons.  Multiple
              images are accepted to allow different images sizes (e.g., 16x16
              and 32x32) to be provided. The window manager may scale provided
              icons to an appropriate size.

              On Windows, the images are packed into a Windows icon structure.
              This  will  override an ico specified to wm iconbitmap, and vice
              versa.

              On X, the images are arranged into the _NET_WM_ICON X  property,
              which  most modern window managers support.  A wm iconbitmap may
              exist simultaneously.  It is recommended to use not more than  2
              icons, placing the larger icon first.

              On Macintosh, this currently does nothing.

       wm iconposition window ?x y?
              If  x and y are specified, they are passed to the window manager
              as a hint about where to position the icon for window.  In  this
              case  an  empty string is returned.  If x and y are specified as
              empty strings then any existing icon position hint is cancelled.
              If  neither x nor y is specified, then the command returns a Tcl
              list containing two values, which are the current icon  position
              hints  (if  no  hints  are  in  effect  then  an empty string is
              returned).

       wm iconwindow window ?pathName?
              If pathName is specified, it is the path name for  a  window  to
              use  as  icon for window: when window is iconified then pathName
              will be mapped to serve as icon, and when window is de-iconified
              then  pathName will be unmapped again.  If pathName is specified
              as an empty string then any existing icon window association for
              window will be cancelled.  If the pathName argument is specified
              then an empty string is returned.  Otherwise the command returns
              the path name of the current icon window for window, or an empty
              string if there is no icon window currently specified  for  win-
              dow.   Button press events are disabled for window as long as it
              is an icon window;  this is needed in order to allow window man-
              agers to "own" those events.  Note: not all window managers sup-
              port the notion of an icon window.

       wm manage widget
              The widget specified will become a stand alone top-level window.
              The window will be decorated with the window managers title bar,
              etc. Only frame, labelframe and toplevel  widgets  can  be  used
              with this command. Attempting to pass any other widget type will
              raise an error. Attempting to manage a toplevel widget is benign
              and achieves nothing. See also GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT.

       wm maxsize window ?width height?
              If width and height are specified, they give the maximum permis-
              sible dimensions for window.  For gridded windows the dimensions
              are  specified  in  grid units;  otherwise they are specified in
              pixel units.  The window  manager  will  restrict  the  window's
              dimensions  to  be  less  than or equal to width and height.  If
              width and height are specified,  then  the  command  returns  an
              empty  string.   Otherwise  it  returns a Tcl list with two ele-
              ments, which are the  maximum  width  and  height  currently  in
              effect.   The  maximum  size defaults to the size of the screen.
              See the sections on geometry management below for more  informa-
              tion.

       wm minsize window ?width height?
              If width and height are specified, they give the minimum permis-
              sible dimensions for window.  For gridded windows the dimensions
              are  specified  in  grid units;  otherwise they are specified in
              pixel units.  The window  manager  will  restrict  the  window's
              dimensions  to be greater than or equal to width and height.  If
              width and height are specified,  then  the  command  returns  an
              empty  string.   Otherwise  it  returns a Tcl list with two ele-
              ments, which are the  minimum  width  and  height  currently  in
              effect.   The  minimum size defaults to one pixel in each dimen-
              sion.  See the sections on geometry management  below  for  more
              information.

       wm overrideredirect window ?boolean?
              If  boolean is specified, it must have a proper boolean form and
              the override-redirect flag for window is set to that value.   If
              boolean  is  not  specified  then 1 or 0 is returned to indicate
              whether or not the override-redirect flag is currently  set  for
              window.   Setting the override-redirect flag for a window causes
              it to be ignored by the window  manager;   among  other  things,
              this  means that the window will not be reparented from the root
              window into a decorative frame and the user will not be able  to
              manipulate  the  window  using  the normal window manager mecha-
              nisms.

              Note that the override-redirect flag is only  guaranteed  to  be
              taken  notice  of when the window is first mapped or when mapped
              after the state is changed from withdrawn to normal.  Some,  but
              not all, platforms will take notice at additional times.

       wm positionfrom window ?who?
              If  who  is  specified, it must be either program or user, or an
              abbreviation of one of these two.  It indicates whether window's
              current  position  was  requested by the program or by the user.
              Many window managers ignore program-requested initial  positions
              and  ask  the  user to manually position the window;  if user is
              specified then the window manager should position the window  at
              the  given place without asking the user for assistance.  If who
              is specified as an  empty  string,  then  the  current  position
              source  is  cancelled.   If  who  is specified, then the command
              returns an empty string.  Otherwise it returns user  or  program
              to  indicate  the source of the window's current position, or an
              empty string if no source has been specified yet.   Most  window
              managers  interpret  "no  source"  as equivalent to program.  Tk
              will automatically set the position source to  user  when  a  wm
              geometry  command  is  invoked,  unless  the source has been set
              explicitly to program.

       wm protocol window ?name? ?command?
              This command is used to manage window manager protocols such  as
              WM_DELETE_WINDOW.   Name is the name of an atom corresponding to
              a  window  manager  protocol,  such   as   WM_DELETE_WINDOW   or
              WM_SAVE_YOURSELF or WM_TAKE_FOCUS.  If both name and command are
              specified, then command is associated with the  protocol  speci-
              fied by name.  Name will be added to window's WM_PROTOCOLS prop-
              erty to tell the window manager that the application has a  pro-
              tocol  handler  for  name,  and  command  will be invoked in the
              future whenever the window manager sends a message to the client
              for  that  protocol.   In this case the command returns an empty
              string.  If name is specified but command is not, then the  cur-
              rent  command  for name is returned, or an empty string if there
              is no handler defined for name.  If command is specified  as  an
              empty string then the current handler for name is deleted and it
              is removed from the WM_PROTOCOLS property on window;   an  empty
              string  is  returned.   Lastly,  if  neither name nor command is
              specified, the command returns a list of all the  protocols  for
              which handlers are currently defined for window.

              Tk  always defines a protocol handler for WM_DELETE_WINDOW, even
              if  you  have  not  asked  for  one  with  wm  protocol.   If  a
              WM_DELETE_WINDOW  message  arrives  when  you have not defined a
              handler, then Tk handles the message by  destroying  the  window
              for which it was received.

       wm resizable window ?width height?
              This  command controls whether or not the user may interactively
              resize a top-level window.  If width and height  are  specified,
              they  are  boolean  values  that determine whether the width and
              height of window may be modified by the user.  In this case  the
              command  returns an empty string.  If width and height are omit-
              ted then the command returns a list with two 0/1  elements  that
              indicate  whether  the  width and height of window are currently
              resizable.  By default, windows are  resizable  in  both  dimen-
              sions.   If resizing is disabled, then the window's size will be
              the size from the most recent interactive resize or wm  geometry
              command.   If there has been no such operation then the window's
              natural size will be used.

       wm sizefrom window ?who?
              If who is specified, it must be either program or  user,  or  an
              abbreviation of one of these two.  It indicates whether window's
              current size was requested by the program or by the user.   Some
              window  managers ignore program-requested sizes and ask the user
              to manually size the window;  if user is specified then the win-
              dow  manager  should  give the window its specified size without
              asking the user for assistance.  If who is specified as an empty
              string,  then  the  current size source is cancelled.  If who is
              specified, then the command returns an empty string.   Otherwise
              it returns user or window to indicate the source of the window's
              current size, or an empty string if no source has been specified
              yet.   Most  window managers interpret "no source" as equivalent
              to program.

       wm stackorder window ?isabove|isbelow window?
              The stackorder command returns a list  of  toplevel  windows  in
              stacking  order,  from lowest to highest. When a single toplevel
              window is passed, the returned list recursively includes all  of
              the  window's  children that are toplevels. Only those toplevels
              that are currently mapped  to  the  screen  are  returned.   The
              stackorder command can also be used to determine if one toplevel
              is positioned above or below a second toplevel.  When two window
              arguments  separated  by either isabove or isbelow are passed, a
              boolean result indicates whether or not the first window is cur-
              rently above or below the second window in the stacking order.

       wm state window ?newstate?
              If  newstate  is  specified,  the  window will be set to the new
              state, otherwise it returns the current state of window:  either
              normal,  iconic, withdrawn, icon, or (Windows and Mac OS X only)
              zoomed.  The difference between iconic and icon is  that  iconic
              refers  to  a  window that has been iconified (e.g., with the wm
              iconify command) while icon refers to a window whose  only  pur-
              pose  is  to serve as the icon for some other window (via the wm
              iconwindow command).  The icon state cannot be set.

       wm title window ?string?
              If string is specified, then it will be  passed  to  the  window
              manager  for  use  as  the  title for window (the window manager
              should display this string in window's title bar).  In this case
              the command returns an empty string.  If string is not specified
              then the command returns the current title for the window.   The
              title for a window defaults to its name.

       wm transient window ?master?
              If master is specified, then the window manager is informed that
              window is a transient window (e.g. pull-down  menu)  working  on
              behalf  of master (where master is the path name for a top-level
              window).  If master is specified as an empty string then  window
              is  marked  as not being a transient window any more.  Otherwise
              the command returns the path name of window's current master, or
              an  empty  string if window is not currently a transient window.
              A transient window will mirror state changes in the  master  and
              inherit  the state of the master when initially mapped. It is an
              error to attempt to make a window a transient  of  itself.   The
              window manager may also decorate a transient window differently,
              removing some features normally present (e.g., minimize and max-
              imize  buttons) though this is entirely at the discretion of the
              window manager.

       wm withdraw window
              Arranges for window to  be  withdrawn  from  the  screen.   This
              causes the window to be unmapped and forgotten about by the win-
              dow manager.  If the window has never  been  mapped,  then  this
              command  causes  the window to be mapped in the withdrawn state.
              Not all window managers appear to know  how  to  handle  windows
              that  are  mapped  in  the  withdrawn state.  Note: it sometimes
              seems to be necessary to withdraw a window and  then  re-map  it
              (e.g.  with  wm  deiconify)  to  get some window managers to pay
              attention to changes in window attributes such as group.

GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT
       By default a top-level window appears on  the  screen  in  its  natural
       size,  which is the one determined internally by its widgets and geome-
       try managers.  If the natural size of a top-level window changes,  then
       the  window's size changes to match.  A top-level window can be given a
       size other than its natural size in two  ways.   First,  the  user  can
       resize  the window manually using the facilities of the window manager,
       such as resize handles.  Second, the application can request a particu-
       lar  size  for a top-level window using the wm geometry command.  These
       two cases are handled identically by Tk;  in either case, the requested
       size overrides the natural size.  You can return the window to its nat-
       ural by invoking wm geometry with an empty geometry string.

       Normally a top-level window can have any size from one  pixel  in  each
       dimension  up  to  the size of its screen.  However, you can use the wm
       minsize and wm maxsize commands to limit the range of allowable  sizes.
       The  range  set  by  wm  minsize and wm maxsize applies to all forms of
       resizing, including the window's natural size as well as manual resizes
       and the wm geometry command.  You can also use the command wm resizable
       to completely disable interactive resizing in one or both dimensions.

       The wm manage and wm forget commands may be used to  perform  undocking
       and  docking  of  windows.  After a widget is managed by wm manage com-
       mand, all other wm subcommands may be used with the widget.  Only  wid-
       gets  created  using the toplevel command may have an attached menu via
       the -menu configure option.  A toplevel widget may be used as  a  frame
       and  managed with any of the other geometry managers after using the wm
       forget command.  Any menu associated with a  toplevel  widget  will  be
       hidden when managed by another geometry managers.  The menus will reap-
       pear once the window is managed by wm.  All custom bindtags for widgets
       in  a  subtree that have their top-level widget changed via a wm manage
       or wm forget command, must be redone to  adjust  any  top-level  widget
       path  in  the  bindtags.  Bindtags that have not been customized do not
       have to be redone.

GRIDDED GEOMETRY MANAGEMENT
       Gridded geometry management occurs when one of the widgets of an appli-
       cation  supports a range of useful sizes.  This occurs, for example, in
       a text editor where the scrollbars, menus,  and  other  adornments  are
       fixed  in  size  but the edit widget can support any number of lines of
       text or characters per line.  In this case, it is usually desirable  to
       let the user specify the number of lines or characters-per-line, either
       with the wm geometry command or by interactively resizing  the  window.
       In the case of text, and in other interesting cases also, only discrete
       sizes of the window make sense, such as integral numbers of  lines  and
       characters-per-line;  arbitrary pixel sizes are not useful.

       Gridded  geometry management provides support for this kind of applica-
       tion.  Tk (and the window manager) assume that there is a grid of  some
       sort  within the application and that the application should be resized
       in terms of grid units rather than pixels.  Gridded geometry management
       is typically invoked by turning on the setGrid option for a widget;  it
       can also be invoked with the wm grid command or by calling  Tk_SetGrid.
       In each of these approaches the particular widget (or sometimes code in
       the application as a whole) specifies the relationship between integral
       grid  sizes  for  the window and pixel sizes.  To return to non-gridded
       geometry management, invoke wm grid with empty argument strings.

       When gridded geometry management is enabled  then  all  the  dimensions
       specified  in  wm  minsize,  wm  maxsize,  and wm geometry commands are
       treated as grid units rather than pixel units.  Interactive resizing is
       also carried out in even numbers of grid units rather than pixels.

BUGS
       Most existing window managers appear to have bugs that affect the oper-
       ation of the wm command.  For  example,  some  changes  will  not  take
       effect  if  the  window  is already active:  the window will have to be
       withdrawn and de-iconified in order to make the change happen.

EXAMPLES
       A fixed-size window that says that it is fixed-size too:
              toplevel .fixed
              wm title     .fixed "Fixed-size Window"
              wm resizable .fixed 0 0

       A simple dialog-like window, centred on the screen:
              # Create and arrange the dialog contents.
              toplevel .msg
              label  .msg.l  -text "This is a very simple dialog demo."
              button .msg.ok -text OK -default active -command {destroy .msg}
              pack .msg.ok -side bottom -fill x
              pack .msg.l  -expand 1    -fill both

              # Now set the widget up as a centred dialog.

              # But first, we need the geometry managers to finish setting
              # up the interior of the dialog, for which we need to run the
              # event loop with the widget hidden completely...
              wm withdraw .msg
              update
              set x [expr {([winfo screenwidth .]-[winfo width .msg])/2}]
              set y [expr {([winfo screenheight .]-[winfo height .msg])/2}]
              wm geometry  .msg +$x+$y
              wm transient .msg .
              wm title     .msg "Dialog demo"
              wm deiconify .msg


ATTRIBUTES
       See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:


       +---------------+------------------+
       |ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE  |
       +---------------+------------------+
       |Availability   | runtime/tk-8     |
       +---------------+------------------+
       |Stability      | Uncommitted      |
       +---------------+------------------+

SEE ALSO
       toplevel(n), winfo(n)

KEYWORDS
       aspect ratio, deiconify, focus  model,  geometry,  grid,  group,  icon,
       iconify,  increments,  position,  size, title, top-level window, units,
       window manager



NOTES
       Source code for open source software components in Oracle  Solaris  can
       be found at https://www.oracle.com/downloads/opensource/solaris-source-
       code-downloads.html.

       This    software    was    built    from    source     available     at
       https://github.com/oracle/solaris-userland.    The  original  community
       source        was        downloaded        from         https://source-
       forge.net/projects/tcl/files/Tcl/8.6.7/tk8.6.7-src.tar.gz/download.

       Further information about this software can be found on the open source
       community website at https://www.tcl.tk/.



Tk                                    8.5                               wm(1t)